New ZVT-PWM DC/DC converters using active snubber

A novel active snubber soft switching method is proposed. The unique location of the resonant inductor and capacitor ensures low current and voltage stresses in the converter. An analytical study of a boost dc-dc converter with the proposed active snubber method is presented in detail to illustrate its operation principles and design considerations. By simple modification, this soft switching method is also suitable for ac-dc boost topology, especially for high power-factor-correction (PFC) universal interface applications. A 500 W prototype system has been made to simulatively and experimentally verify the performance of the soft switching.     

复合材料无矩叠层板铺层优化设计——按静力破坏条件

 飞机翼面结构受力盒段的上下壁板若采用纤维增强复合材料叠层板则经常可简化为无矩叠层板;本文介绍这种叠层板按静力破坏条件的一种铺层优化设计方法。本法所用的数学工具为拉格朗日乘子法,采用的静力破坏条件为Hill-Tsai判据或Norris判据。对于铺层优化设计要用的公式进行了推导并且为了便于应用电子计算机对所得的公式进行了相应的改造。 关于叠层板极限强度的确定,文中也作了较仔细的探讨。为了具体说明本法的解题步骤以及如何选出铺层设计的优化方案举出了一个数例。文章的最后对几个技术问题进行了简要的讨论。 在结构打样设计阶段,对于翼面结构中处于拉伸或压缩受载（在不发生屈曲失稳破坏的条件下）情况下的复合材料壁板,本法可作为其铺层优化设计的一种工程方法。     

Effect of Electrical Generator Parameters on Transient Suppressors

In vehicular and aircraft generating systems, the voltage transient suppressor requirements for protection of utilization loads are generally based on measured values of valtage transients and the generating system impedance. This paper presents an approximate method for determining the suppressor requirements that disregards the generating system impedance. When a voltage surge due to removal of load is suppressed, the greater portion of the removed load current is transferred to the shunt-type suppressor. The influence of generating system voltage regulator design on severity of voltage transients is discussed.     

Interleaved buck converters with a single-capacitor turn-off snubber

This paper proposes interleaved buck converters with a single-capacitor snubber to smooth out switch turn-off transition. The single-capacitor snubber is used to limit rising rate of drain-source voltage of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) switch in the converters to reduce turn-off loss. In addition, the converters are operated at the boundary of continuous and discontinuous conduction modes (CCM), (DCM) to reduce turn-on loss, and in an interleaving fashion to reduce output current ripple. As compared with the counterparts of conventional converter topologies, the proposed converters have the merits of less component count, higher efficiency over a certain load range, smaller size, and they are easier to implement. Hardware measurements obtained from experimental prototypes have verified these merits.     

Application of multi-objective optimization to axial compressor preliminary design

The axial compressor is one of the most challenging components for aero engine design. The highly complex and multi-disciplinary design process is built up from several separate design phases differing with respect to the number of details. Typically, meanline prediction is the first step of the aerodynamic design process where the goal is to provide a first guess and proper choice of basic design parameters. As a preliminary design procedure it is one of the most important parts of the compressor design process since a poor design decision on these parameters cannot be corrected by subsequent development efforts. The design of a compressor is always a compromise between contradicting requirements like high efficiency, low number of stages and high surge margin. This is typical for multi-criterion optimization problems requiring a high number of design analyses and a well-designed procedure for finding trade-off solutions. The paper will show how to automate a given Rolls-Royce preliminary design process in order to find Pareto-optimal trade-off solutions for design conditions. The aspect of process acceleration is also an important goal to release the design engineer from time-consuming parameter studies. Essential elements for speeding up the design process are the use of modern process integration tools, multi-criterion decision concepts, and nonlinear programming algorithms. Results will be shown based on a given Rolls-Royce compressor design for multi-objective optimization with respect to maximum efficiency, maximum surge margin, and maximum overall pressure ratio, where different deterministic and stochastic algorithms are used.     

Maximum Power Transfer for Full-Wave Rectifier Circuits

An analysis is done to determine the maximum power transfer conditions for full-wave rectifier circuits. Potential applications noted are implanted medical instruments, inductive power transfer to weapons, power transfer using space reflectors, and power generation in space. Three types of series impedances are considered: resistive/inductive (RL), resistive/capacitive (RC), and resistive/inductive/capacitive (RLC). The optimum ratio of ac-to-dc voltage output is determined for each type. For the case that involves all three impedance types, the optimum turning condition is also determined. The differential equations describing the circuits are solved in nondimensional form. The solutions involve partial differential equations, closed-form relationships, and simultaneous equations that are solved by numerical methods. The optimum ratio of peak ac-to-dc voltage ranges from 2.0 to 2.8, depending upon the circuit. The optimum turning differs significantly from the usual resonant conditions, especially for low Q.     

A 10 kW DC-DC converter using IGBTs with active snubbers

This full bridge DC-DC converter employs zero voltage switching (ZVS) on one leg and zero current switching (ZCS) on the other. This technique produces exceptionally low insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switching losses through the use of an active snubber that recycles energy back to the source. Experimental results are presented for a 10-kW, 20-kHz converter     

一种飞机顶层设计指标最优分配的新方法

探讨了一种新的设计指标最优分配方法--协同分配法,用于处理飞机顶层设计中的大规模设计指标最优分配问题.分析了飞机顶层设计中的设计指标最优分配特征,据此给出了协同法的原理并建立了数学模型.协同法按设计指标分配关系将最优分配问题分解为主系统优化和子系统优化,主优化对子系统设计指标进行最优分配,子优化以最小化分配设计指标值与期望设计指标值之间的差异为目标,进行子系统最优设计,或对底层元件(如飞机翼梁、翼肋和翼盒等)进行设计指标最优分配,并把最优解信息反馈给主优化.主优化通过子优化最优解信息构成的一致性约束协调分配量,提高系统整体性能,并重新给出分配方案.主系统与子系统反复协调,直到得到设计指标最优分配方案.两层可靠度指标分配算例初步验证了本文方法的正确性与可行性,三层可靠度指标分配算例证明了本文方法的有效性.最后,以重量指标分配为例,简要叙述了针对飞机顶层设计中设计指标协同分配的数学模型和求解思路.     

飞机结构设计阶段估算谱载下裂纹扩展模型参数的优化方法

提出在短周期谱载荷下,飞机结构设计阶段,裂纹扩展模型ｄａ／ｄｔ＝Ｑａｂ参数的估算法,此法可以依据材料参数、载荷谱和结构的几何特征使用优化设计方法计算。     

复杂电磁环境下RS422接口保护电路的实现

在复杂电磁环境下如果对422通信接口进行带电热插拔操作会引发高电压冲击,当热插拔瞬间放电电流大于串口芯片所能承受的最大电流时,串口通信接口电路会被烧毁,为了有效保护通信接口电路,介绍了一种的串口热插拔保护电路,它的原理是使用对地二极管将瞬态的高电压抑制下来,在不改动设备的前提下可以对422通信接口电路提供有效的保护。经实践证明对RS422接口电路有明显的保护作用,也可以应用于其他串行通信电路。     

双转子涡喷发动机喷水诱喘方法

在某型双转子涡喷发动机上,进行了稳态复合式诱喘方法的试验研究,即把涡轮Ⅰ、Ⅱ级导向器和尾喷口流通面积,按相同于设计状态的百分比缩小,同时向主燃烧室里喷水,诱使喘振发作。缩小数值应恰当,大了会造成不喷水时发动机严重超温,小了会造成水起不到明显堵塞作用,不易逼到喘振点。这个百分比缩小值可以事先估算。      

用卡尔曼估值对航空发动机喘振状态预报研究

针对压缩系统的Greiter非线性模型,采用卡尔曼估值理论的方法对压缩系统进行状态估值,提出某一喘振判定准则下超前预报压气机将来某一时刻是否发生喘振,即喘振预报。     

高超声速电离绕流中电子密度的静电探针测量方法研究

高焓激波风洞是开展高超声速电离绕流研究的重要地面模拟设备。在中科院力学所JF-10高焓风洞上通过新的破膜技术获得了稳定运行的试验状态,利用施加高频扫描电压的静电探针来探索模型边界层内的电子密度测量方法研究。为解决高频扫描时线路由于RC特性所带来的噪音干扰问题,针对测试环境发展了新的探针电路。结果表明：新型探针电路大大降低了线路干扰噪音,能够有效测量模型边界层内的电子密度分布规律。     

航空发动机消喘控制系统设计与试验

研究了航空发动机消喘控制系统的设计方法、航空发动机逼喘试验方法、消喘控制器在回路的数字仿真,并在发动机台架和飞行台上进行了发动机消喘控制系统的试验验证.试验结果表明:通过有效的控制器在回路的数字仿真试验,可以优化控制参数,设计一套可靠的发动机消喘控制系统.      

某涡轴发动机整机逼喘试验研究

根据某型涡轴发动机研制的需要,在整机试验台进行了逼喘试验方法的探索,本文详述了发动机逼喘、试验方法设计、试验装置及试验过程,最后对试验结果进行了分析,研究结果表明利用该发动机上的飞机引气口接入高压气源的方法能够成功地进行该型发动机的整机逼喘试验,从而能够真实获得压气机装在整机上工作时的喘振边界线.      

旋板泵过渡曲线的数学模型

为了实现计算机辅助设计和辅助制造双作用式旋板泵定子过渡曲线,本文试提出过渡曲线的一种数字模型,用来取代目前常用的极座标过渡曲线方程。利用这一数学模型便于分析、此较和评价各种过渡曲线的特性;扩大了过渡曲线的设计范围;有利于编写通用的计算机程序,为进一步实现过渡曲线的最佳设计创造了条件。     

A multioutput LLC-type parallel resonant converter

When an LLC-type parallel resonant converter (LLC-PRC) operates above resonant frequency, the switching transistors can be turned off at zero voltage. Further study reveals that the LLC-PRC possesses the advantage of lower converter voltage gain as compared with the conventional PRC. Based on the analytic results derived, a complete set of design curves from which a systematic design procedure is developed is obtained. Experimental results from a 150-W, 150-kHz, multioutput LLC-type PRC power supply are presented     

An output feedback controller for a synchronous generator

A novel approach using eigenstructure assignment is developed for the design of excitation controllers for synchronous generators. The computation procedure for the method is easy to apply, and an exact solution can be obtained without iteration. Controllers designed by the proposed approach can be easily implemented by means of proportional-integral (PI) controllers. Practical considerations in reaching an optimum selection of closed-loop eigenvalues are addressed. Time-domain simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the design method     

基于伴随方法的机翼多设计点气动反设计方法

针对三维机翼多点多约束气动反设计问题,基于伴随理论方法和粘性流雷诺平均N-S方程,通过粘性流数值模拟、伴随方程与梯度精确数值求解、计算网格高效算法及梯度类优化算法等有效结合,并采用考虑多设计点梯度权重系数的并行计算近似模式,开展了一种三维机翼多设计点多约束气动反设计方法研究,进行了典型算例验证。研究表明:所发展的机翼多设计点气动反设计方法具有较好的鲁棒性及优化效率。