某型接收机相位补偿电路分析

对单脉冲比相测角系统和影响雷达接收机幅相一致性的因素进行分析,总结了解决幅相不一致性的措施;对某型接收机移相电路进行理论计算和实际测试,得出其相位和幅度不一致的补偿方法。     

比相单脉冲雷达测角与角闪烁研究

比相单脉冲雷达采用和差通道接收信号比相的方法测角。一般认为,雷达事实上并不是在测量目标的方向,而是在测量目标的角闪烁方向。从特殊的两点目标出发,分析了单点目标和复杂目标下比相单脉冲雷达和差通道方式测角的原理与内在异同,探讨了比相单脉冲雷达测角与角闪烁的关系,提出有关雷达测角的新的观点。     

PMRS精密测量雷达精度校飞

PMRS雷达是一部单脉冲体制5cm雷达。可用于目标特性测量、危险科目预防测量等。在该雷达的验收中，其精度是检验该雷达的重要技术指标。本文详细论述了精度校飞的方法、精度计算结果。     

与空时二维自适应滤波兼容的单脉冲测角新方法

针对机载相控阵雷达系统提出了一种空时二维自适应单脉冲测角方法 ,当存在阵元和通道幅相误差时它仍具有较高的测角精度。还给出了一种稳健的自适应和、差波束增益归一化方法 ,并讨论了所提方法的简化兼容实现方案。最后给出了基于高保真雷达杂波模拟数据的仿真实验结果     

振幅和差式单脉冲二次雷达幅相不一致分析和改进方案

单脉冲二次监视雷达(MSSR)已成为我国空中交通管理(ATM)系统的重要组成部分,不仅具备常规雷达的跟踪定位、目标识别和高度确认功能,同时还具有更快的数据获取速度及更高的测量精度,大大提高ATM的能力。振幅和差式单脉冲测角技术是通过比较和差通道的幅度而得到,因此,雷达接收机的动态范围内其振幅特性和相位特性必须保持一致。但在实际应用系统中,由于雷达零件制造存在公差,部件使用过程中不可避免地会逐渐老化从而引起参数的改变,元器件使用过程因温度变化引发电路失调和失配,以及外界杂波的相互影响等,雷达接收机通道之间幅相不一致难以避免。     

一种MIMO雷达幅相误差估计方法

 针对单基地相关多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达中存在的阵列幅相误差问题进行了研究。给出了单基地相关MIMO雷达的阵列模型,并提出了一种MIMO雷达幅相误差估计方法。利用发射正交信号对阵列接收信号进行匹配滤波,可分离得到类似传统阵列的"虚拟阵列",利用分时信源数据将该阵列中真实导向矢量中信源波达方向(DOA)引起的相位与幅相误差分离开,通过构造代价函数得到波达方向估计值,进而分别得到发射阵与接收阵的幅相误差的估计值,同时给出了误差引入量分析。最后通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性。本文介绍的方法简单可行,适用于任意构型MIMO雷达的幅相误差估计。     

电波折射误差实时修正的公式拟合方法

在实际工程应用中,为了提高雷达测量精度,电波折射误差的修正主要采用实时修正方法。本文给出了电波折射误差实时修正的公式拟合方法,该方法在实际应用中能够快速得到折射误差,从而提高了雷达测量精度。     

相位偏移干涉测量中移相误差补偿技术研究

 在相位偏移干涉测量技术中,一阶线性和二阶非线性移相误差是产生相位检测误差的主要因素。在研究移相误差对相位偏移干涉法测量精度影响的基础上,提出五步移相算法一阶线性和二阶非线性移相误差补偿技术。该方法从相位偏移干涉图中拟和出移相过程中存在的移相误差,对五幅算法结果进行误差修正。试验证明移相器存在 10%一阶线性误差和 1 %二阶非线性误差时,五幅算法相位检测误差为 0.12弧度;采用该补偿方法可以将相位测量精度减少到 0.02弧度,相当于采用氦氖激光器的倍程干涉仪中位移测量精度从 6.0 nm提高到 1 nm。     

WCX1-JL雷达误差来源分析

详细讨论了雷达自身幅相不平衡、飞行航线、飞机机动性、多路传播和大气折射等主要因素对雷达测量精度的影响。针对这些因素，提出了一些在实际使用中提高该雷达测量精度的具体方法及措施，使之在飞行试验中发挥其精密测量的优点，确保飞行试验所测数据的准确性。     

单脉冲三维成像试验研究

介绍了单脉冲三维成像的概念和基本原理,结合实际雷达平台开展了跟踪目标试验,利用单脉冲三维成像算法对测量数据进行了处理,并给出了分析结论。     

Signal Processors and Accuracy of Three-Beam Monopulse Tracking Radar

The problem of implementing a monopulse tracking radar is considered when three beams are used rather than the customary four. Signal processors are developed for both amplitude and phase comparison radar cases and the functional form is given for the general case (a combination or hybrid case). Accuracy is investigated by applying the Cramer-Rao inequality. General results are given for the maximum theoretical accuracy of estimating target amplitude, phase, and position angles when the radar is of the amplitude comparison type. Equations sufficient for obtaining accuracies in the phase comparison and combination cases are included.     

反向交叉眼对单脉冲雷达干扰效果分析及仿真验证

交叉眼干扰被认为是对单脉冲雷达干扰最有效的方式之一。基于雷达方程建立了隔离平台回波下的两点源反向交叉眼干扰模型，推导了交叉眼干扰欺骗角一般性公式，研究了干扰机发射天线间距、干扰平台旋转角和干扰机相对雷达之间距离等参数变化对角度欺骗效果的影响，并依据单脉冲雷达接收机获取角度的信息处理流程，建立了单脉冲雷达接收机仿真模型，对交叉眼数学模型的正确性和局限性进行了分析。研究结果表明：单脉冲雷达越靠近两点源交叉眼干扰机中心线、干扰机两发射天线间距越大、与干扰机距离越近时，角度欺骗效果越好；单脉冲雷达的欺骗角度随着与干扰机距离的接近呈指数式增大；数学模型和仿真模型计算的单脉冲雷达角度误差最大值随干扰机天线与雷达天线中心连线的夹角的增大呈指数化增长。研究可为交叉眼干扰工程设计作参考。     

Analysis and design optimization of monopulse receivers forsecondary surveillance radar

The sensitivity to calibration and component errors of the receiver configurations used for monopulse processing of secondary surveillance radar (SSR) replies is analyzed. The effects of video gain error in amplitude processors and large Gaussian perturbations in phase processors are discussed. Phase processors are shown to be robust to variations in antenna difference pattern null depth. A half-angle phase processor that yields the benefits of phase processing without the sensitivity to system errors associated with conventional implementations is described     

Analysis and Design of Antennas for Air Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems

The analysis and design procedure of an antenna for a CW Doppler radar system being developed for pilot warning of midair collision hazards is presented. The antenna consists of two vertical arrays of half-wavelength dipoles mounted near a circular conducting cylinder. Each vertical array is composed of three vertical dipoles. Each array provides relatively uniform illumination (2-3 dB) in the forward 180 angular segment of the horizontal plane and approximately + 10-150 coverage in the vertical plane. The antenna could be used in a two-mode operation, either in a standard monopulse radar system (sum and difference amplitude patterns) or in a system where amplitude and phase are the measurable quantities.     

Frequency Domain Error Correction for Monopulse Radar Signals

Angle-measurement error of a coherent monopulse radar signalresulting from imbalances between in-phase and quadraturecomponents, as well as between sigma and delta channels, arecorrected in a simple procedure. No correction is needed for I,Qimbalances in the time domain [1]. Instead, a postintegrationcorrection is performed. This reduces the number of calibrationoperations of the monopulse signal by a factor X, 2 ? X ? N (N isthe number of DFT samples), depending on the degree of filtering.It also reduces the number of numerical operations necessary forthe production of the correction term by a factor of three. A firstorderrder estimation is made of the residual error after correction, dueto bias and image sidelobes.     

机载雷达中的单脉冲技术

 本文总结机载雷达中单脉冲技术的研究和应用,着重讨论幅度比较系统的关键技术,给出有关数据。 机载雷达中的单脉冲技术着眼于抗干扰性能和特殊应用。这些应用包括空对地测距、角分辨力改进、地形防撞。本文阐述了这些特殊应用。     

An Analysis of Wide-Band Microwave Monopulse Direction-Finding Techniques

This paper presents the concept, theory of operation, characteris tic equations, and error analysis of four wide-band monopulse techniques. The basic techniques described, which include pure amplitude monopulse, phase and amplitude monopulse (two-and three-channel configurations), and pure phase monopulse interferometer, are particularly applicable to monopulse direction finding systems that require frequency coverage over several octaves and open-loop angle bearing of several degrees. Sufficient detail and working formulas are included to permit a trade-off analysis to be made between the direction-finding techniques for selection in specific hardware applications.     

Detection of Target Multiplicity Using Monopulse Quadrature Angle

The feasibility of using the indicated quadrature angle of arrival of a monopulse radar to discriminate a single target from multiple targets, separated in angle within a radar resolution cell, is investigated. The analysis is performed for steady (fixed) and Rayleigh fluctuating targets which cover a broad range of target characteristics. In both cases, the interfering signals due to noise and clutter in the sum and difference monopulse channels are assumed to be independent, zero-mean Gaussian processes. Detection and false alarm probabilities are evaluated analytically and the receiver operating characteristics are obtained for both fixed and fluctuating target cases. It is shown that multiple targets can be discriminated from a single target condition by integrating the indicated monopulse quadrature angle of arrival from several independent pulses. It is also shown that the probability of detecting multiple targets increases as the fluctuation in the target radar cross section decreases, approaching the fixed amplitude case in the limit.     

Multipath Fluctuation Effects in Track-While-Scan Radar

A theoretical model of diffuse multipath reflections from rough surfaces is applied to the prediction of multipath power distribu tions in radar coordinates: elevation angle, time delay, and Dop pler frequency. These distributions are used to predict radar tracking errors in elevation angle, for both monopulse and scan ning antenna systems, and typical results are presented. These show a small increase in tracking error for scanning systems, on radially approaching targets, caused by sensitivity of these trackers to amplitude scintillation of the composite direct-plus multipath signal. Effects of knife-edge diffraction and of vegetation ion are briefly considered.