层合双曲率厚壳的状态方程及其半解析法

采用正交曲线坐标导出了角铺设层合双曲率厚壳的状态方程及其半解析法。该方法在α－β曲面内采用通常的有限元离散,而沿壳厚（ｒ）方向采用状态空间法给出解析解,从而计入了剪切效应的影响,且通过状态转移矩阵的建立,保证了层界面之间层间位移和应力的连续,减少了计算中未知量数目。     

Hamilton体系层合板动力响应半解析法

对时间方向引进正则变换函数, 给出了层合板动力学的Hamilton正则方程及其半解析法。通过分离变量, 就可以在板平面内采用通常的有限元离散, 而在板厚方向采用状态空间法给出解析解, 且通过传递矩阵, 保证了层间位移和应力的连续, 建立了层合板上下表面相变量的关系式, 利用打靶法进行求解。数值算例表明:本文方法未知量少, 精度高。      

海绵/橡胶适配器应力和变形模式的轴对称平面应变解析

海绵/橡胶适配器的应力和变形模式的解析方法是其力学理论研究的重要前提。基于轴对称平面应变假设,推导了海绵圆筒和橡胶圆筒的径向应力、切向应力和径向位移的解析公式;建立了位移边界条件下适配器受压问题的非线性常微分解析方程组,并通过数值模型仿真验证了解析公式推导的正确性;调整海绵/橡胶粘合面半径,研究了海绵层厚度比对适配器受压力学特性的影响。结果表明:数值模型和解析公式计算结果基本一致;适配器海绵层径向应力值和切向应力值相差不大,橡胶层切向应力高于径向应力约1个数量级,径向应力最大值位于适配器外表面,切向应力和径向位移最大值均位于海绵/橡胶粘合面;随海绵层厚度比增加,适配器应力和位移减小且减幅越来越小。     

孔边应力单元与层合板孔边应力精化分析方法研究

构造了一个满足孔边应力边界条件、层间应力连续条件以及层合板表面应力边界条件的孔边应力单元。并在位移型有限元计算所得位移基础上,提出了一个精确分析孔边应力的有限元方法。首先,运用莫雷阿(G.Morera)应力函数理沦,构造了柱坐标中满足平衡条件的三维应力场的一般表达式,并使之满足前述应力条件。然后,采用上述表达式并利用修正余能原理与拉格朗日乘子法,建立了由已知节点位移分析层合板孔边应力的基本方程。算例表明,所得计算结果与相应解析解或实验结果相符。     

压电材料修正后的变分原理及智能板的精确解

建立了压电材料修正后的H-R混合变分原理，并从该变分原理直接推导了压电材料的状态向量方程，同时给出了与广义位移和广义应力相关的边界条件表达式。为了验证本文的理论，给出了简支压电材料矩形板静力和自由振动问题的无穷级数精确解形式。并对两个具有代表性的实例进行了数值分析，部分结果与已有的文献进行了比较，并给出了分广义位移和广义应力的分布图，它们直观地展示了精确解的优点。本文的变分公式将用采构造新颖的适应工程领域复杂压电材料问题的半解析法。     

固体推进剂/衬层界面脱粘裂纹的三区域界面层模型

将固体推进剂/衬层粘结界面层按照剪切模量的变化分成三部分,由此建立了其界面脱粘裂纹的三区域界面层模型。应用Fourier积分变换和传递矩阵方法,推导并数值求解Cauchy奇异积分方程,得到了反平面剪切状态下裂纹问题的半解析解,并讨论了界面层模量和厚度对断裂参量的影响。结果表明,界面层模量随贮存时间的延长而降低时,应力强度因子逐渐减小,但裂纹张开位移变化不大;界面层厚度对应力强度因子的影响则不明显。     

复合材料层合结构开口的非对称补强研究

中心开口的碳纤维复合材料层板的插层铺设非对称补强进行了孔边应力集中、应变分布、层间应力、损伤和强度特性的实验研究和理论分析,结果表明,本文采用的插层铺设非对称补强方式与顺序铺设补强方式相比,具有明显优异的补强效率,并能达到或超过对称补强的效率。     

具有任意边界的弹性力学梁固有特性的解法

 给出了可以用于求解具有任意边界条件的弹性力学梁的固有振动特性的双向展开方法和半解析方法。这两种方法均把梁看成为平面应力问题,不对纵向位移和横向位移作任何假设,涉及到的结构刚度和质量矩阵的元素均为显式。以简支梁固有特性求解问题为例,通过对本文结果和解析解进行比较,说明了给出的半解析方法和双向展开方法的精度和效率。     

层合圆板三维非线性问题的解析方法

 提出了一种复合材料层合圆板三维非线性问题的解析方法。分析了中等大挠度的几何非线性问题,采用摄动方法和变分原理来满足三维弹性理论基本微分方程及边界条件,得到了受横向载荷作用的正交各向异性单层固支圆板和层合固支圆板的高精确度三维非线性解析解,并图示出了板中的位移和应力分布。结果表明,该解析方法对于求解层合板的三维非线性问题是有效的。     

叠层环板轴对称自由振动的精确解

抛弃任何有关位移或应力模式的人为假设,从三维弹性力学基本方程出发,导出横观各向同性环板轴对称振动问题的状态方程。在多种边界条件下,给出单层、叠层环板轴对称振动问题的精确解。     

Analytical solution methods for eigenbuckling of symmetric cross-ply composite laminates

Based on the first-order shear deformation theory, this paper explores the analytical methods for eigenbuckling of symmetric cross-ply rectangular composite laminates with a pair of parallel edges simply supported and the remaining two edges arbitrarily constrained. The main con-tribution of present paper lies in two aspects: one is to present a simple and effective analytical method, namely, the separation-of-variables method, which can generate the closed-form buckling solutions without any computational difficulty;the other is to incorporate the accurate computation method of exponential matrix into the state space technique to avoid the inevitable numerically ill-conditioned problems reported in several literatures. The results obtained via both analytical meth-ods are identical, and a good agreement with their counterparts in literature is observed. The separation-of-variables method can generate exact solutions within 1 s, which is impossible if the state space method is employed. Besides, the combination of the accurate computation method of exponential matrix and the state space method greatly improves the computational efficiency and gives correct results compared with the straightforward use of state space method.     

A microcontroller-based intelligent battery system

State-of-charge indication for a secondary battery is becoming increasingly important for battery-operated electronics. Consumers are demanding fast charging times, increased battery lifetime, and fuel gauge capabilities. All of these demands require that the state of charge within a battery be known. One of the simplest methods employed to determine state of charge is to monitor the voltage of the battery. However, this method alone is not a good indicator of battery energy, since both NiMH and NiCd batteries have voltage-versus-energy curves that are essentially flat. This paper presents a more effective method of determining the state of charge in secondary cell batteries. A NiMH battery is used as our test vehicle, since it is one of the more difficult batteries to determine state of charge. This method monitors the battery's temperature, voltage, and discharge/charge rate. A microcontroller then manipulates the information, using look-up tables to determine the state of charge. Also, by modifying the look-up tables, this technique can be employed in many other battery technologies and is not limited to NiMH     

击中月球的转移轨道研究

对击中月球的转移轨道进行了全局性的研究,对这种转移轨道的要求是,近地点高度及飞行时间都是预先确定的,采用一种十分有效的算法,可以方便地找出所有满足要示转移轨道,这种方法的关键是利用初始状态终极状态的状态转移矩阵进行迭代,给出了这些转移轨道和近地点和着月点的轨迹,并讨论了轨迹随飞行时间变化的特性,研究结果表明,对于任意的轨道倾角都可以到两条满足要求的转移轨道。     

Aeroelastic stability analysis of heated flexible panel subjected to an oblique shock

The critical conditions for aeroelastic stability and the stability boundaries of a flexible two-dimensional heated panel subjected to an impinging oblique shock are considered using theoretical analysis and numerical computations, respectively. The von-Karman large deflection theory of isotropic flat plates is used to account for the geometrical nonlinearity of the heated panel, and local first-order piston theory is employed in the region before and after shock waves to estimate the aerodynamic pressure. The coupled partial differential governing equations, according to the Hamilton principle, are established with thermal effect based on quasi-steady thermal stress theory. The Galerkin discrete method is employed to truncate the partial differential equations into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical integration method. Lyapunov indirect method is applied to evaluate the stability of the heated panel. The results show that a new aeroelastic instability (distinct from regular panel flutter) arises from the complex interaction of the incident and reflected wave system with the panel flexural modes and thermal loads. What’s more, stability of the panel is reduced in the presence of the oblique shock. In other words, the heated panel becomes aeroelastically unstable at relatively small flight aerodynamic pressure.     

MLPG混合配点法分析复合材料层合板的弯曲问题

提出了分析复合材料层合板弯曲问题的无网格局部彼得洛夫-伽辽金混合配点法,层合板理论采用经典理论。通过移动最小二乘近似构造形函数,采用配点法建立系统平衡方程,推导了系统刚度矩阵和载荷力向量。采用配点法和罚函数法分别施加自然边界条件和本质边界条件。计算实例表明,MLPG混合配点法具有较高的计算精度,并且相比其它的无网格法具有更高的计算效率。     

攻击角约束的拦截弹制导控制一体化设计

针对拦截弹的攻击角约束制导问题,提出了一种基于反演滑模和扩张状态观测器(ESO)的制导控制一体化(IGC)设计方法。首先,基于弹目相对运动方程和拦截弹的非线性动力学方程,建立了拦截弹IGC模型,设计了ESO估计目标加速度和自动驾驶仪回路的干扰;在此基础上,基于干扰估计值和反演滑模方法,设计了IGC算法获取虚拟控制力矩,同时基于李雅普诺夫理论分析了闭环系统的稳定性;然后,利用动态控制分配技术将所获取的期望控制力矩分配到实际执行机构;最后,通过仿真结果验证了所设计的IGC+ESO算法的有效性。     

应用博奕理论的多目标分布式气动优化设计

应用博奕理论研究了最优气动外形优化设计方法。采用的基本的优化器为基于控制理论的约束优化设计方法,通过引入标量伴随变量来执行约束条件,进而将上面的方法和对策论结合起来处理多目标翼型优化设计问题,根据各种不同的气动标准(可以是互为冲突的)来优化翼型形状。在对称Nash策略中,每一个“player”都力图优化自己的目标,而Nash平衡则提供了多个目标之间的一种解。不同的翼型分裂和设计算例表明了本文虚拟和真实Nash竞争策略在多目标翼型优化设计中的能力。成功的设计结果表明了本文方法的有效性。     

受地效影响飞机起飞着陆运动模型的参数辨识

利用基于最小模型误差法和线性不连续跳跃多重打靶法建立的非线性辨识法，辨识了飞机起飞着陆过程的非线性动态模型。对于包含复杂非线性项的动态系统，本方法可以从实际试验测量的系统非线性数据，确定飞机处于地面效应影响运动过程的系统模型，而不需要预先详细描述系统的非线性形式。算例表明该方法对于原始近似动态系统的状态估计是足够精确的。     

Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear State Constraints

An analytic method was developed by D. Simon and T. L. Chia to incorporate linear state equality constraints into the Kalman filter. When the state constraint was nonlinear, linearization was employed to obtain an approximately linear constraint around the current state estimate. This linearized constrained Kalman filter is subject to approximation errors and may suffer from a lack of convergence. We present a method that allows exact use of second-order nonlinear state constraints. It is based on a computational algorithm that iteratively finds the Lagrangian multiplier for the nonlinear constraints. Computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the algorithm.