碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的热失重特性研究

在实验室研究了两种典型的树脂基复合材料T300/5405和T300/HD03热老化过程中的热失重特性,得到了几种不同温度下两种树脂基复合材料的热失重-时间曲线及失重速率-时间曲线.由此定性地分析了温度、时间对树脂基复合材料热失重特性的影响,确定了树脂基复合材料热老化过程由物理老化为主向化学老化为主转变的临界温度.     

热氧、湿热和热水老化对T300/ BHEP 复合材料玻璃化转变温度的影响

通过对碳纤维/环氧复合材料(T300/BHEP)进行热氧、湿热和热水老化研究,得到了材料的质量变化率和Tg随老化条件的演变规律,分析了老化机理.结果表明:T300/BHEP复合材料在热氧老化条件下,因后固化和自由体积收缩,Tg升高;在湿热和热水老化条件下,因水分塑化作用和水对分子链间氢键的破坏,Tg降低.三种老化条件下,Tg与质量变化率均呈线性关系.对比80℃热氧、80℃/RH75%湿热和80℃热水老化条件下的结果,发现水分的塑化作用对Tg的影响要大于因热的作用产生的后固化,且湿度越大,Tg降低越明显.     

树脂基复合材料T300/5405的吸湿性能及湿热环境对力学性能的影响

研究了单向铺层的T300/5405复合材料在六种湿热环境中的吸湿行为,并利用扫描电镜研究了材料吸湿过程中的形貌变化。同时计算了在不同湿热条件下的水分扩散系数。结果表明在较高的温度和湿度下会使水分的扩散速率增加。老化后试样的剪切强度、弯曲强度和压缩强度随着老化时间的延长均有所下降,同时在相同的温度条件下,提高湿度会使材料的力学性能下降更快。     

环氧乙烯基酯树脂耐环境老化性能研究

研究了环氧乙烯基酯树脂基体及其复合材料的耐环境老化性能,包括耐湿热性能、耐自然老化性能及耐紫外光老化性能。研究结果表明,环氧乙烯基酯树脂体系具有良好的力学性能、耐湿热性能,在环境老化及耐紫外光辐射老化试验中表现出一定的稳定性,且工艺操作简便,可以作为户外基础设施用复合材料。     

温度和湿度对碳纤维增强复合材料老化影响研究综述

碳纤维增强复合材料因其良好的力学、物理和化学性能，在多个工业领域获得了广泛应用。在工程应用中，关键结构的服役寿命和性能耐久性是一个不可忽视的问题。碳纤维增强复合材料通常以树脂为基体，而树脂易受环境影响发生老化，对复合材料的性能产生显著影响。本文首先介绍了环境温度对碳纤维增强复合材料性能的影响，并总结了水分扩散理论及常见的复合材料吸湿模型，然后整理了湿热耦合环境对碳纤维增强复合材料性能的影响效应，包括理论分析、试验方法以及有限元仿真等研究手段，最后讨论了碳纤维增强复合材料在湿热老化研究方面存在的问题和挑战，并对可行的研究方向进行了展望。     

复合材料修复铝合金薄板的湿热特性

采用真空袋压技术将T300/CYD128复合材料补片胶接修复于含中心裂纹的铝合金1.76 mm薄板。研究了实验室模拟湿热环境对复合材料修复铝合金薄板的力学性能影响,修复用复合材料的吸湿特性,以及修复用复合材料拉伸试样及其基体树脂浇铸体的湿热性能。结果显示,浇铸体饱和吸水率为0.9%,复合材料吸湿动力学曲线则出现台阶;随湿热老化时间延长,浇铸体与复合材料拉伸性能先升后降,其性能峰值出现时间分别为500 h(73.9 MPa)和300 h(1 531 MPa);随湿热老化时间延长,铝合金裂纹板拉伸性能基本呈线性下降,断裂载荷下降速率ΔN=0.12 kN/100 h,修复板性能出现波动。     

循环湿热老化对T700/TDE86碳纤维复合材料 层间断裂韧度的影响

对T700/TDE86碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料进行加速循环湿热老化实验,研究不同循环湿热老化天数对Ⅰ型张开以及Ⅱ型滑移两种层间断裂韧度的影响。结果表明:循环湿热老化之后的复合材料Ⅰ型层间断裂韧度出现明显的R曲线,且随着循环湿热老化天数的增加,裂纹初始扩展能量释放率(GIC,init)与裂纹稳态扩展能量释放率(GIC,prop)都获得了大幅提升;复合材料Ⅱ型层间断裂韧度随着循环湿热老化天数的增加,呈现阶梯状下降的趋势,而且在循环湿热老化前期,下降幅度最大,为21.68%。     

T300／5405双马来酰亚胺复合材料的性能

５４０５是针对飞机主受力构件应用而研制的改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料树脂基体。本文报道Ｔ３００／５４０５碳纤维复合材料的成型工艺和性能。结果表明，５４０５树脂基复合材料韧性高，耐１３０℃湿热，同时兼有良好的成型工艺性，可用于先进飞机的主受力结构。     

航空结构用环氧树脂基复合材料增韧技术的工艺研究

采用“离位”增韧技术对NY9200G／T300环氧树脂体系复合材料进行增韧,通过试验,将其与增韧前性能进行比较,结果表明：经过“离位”技术增韧,在基本保持NY9200G／T300复合材料力学性能和工艺性能的同时,大幅度地提高了该复合材料的韧性。     

KH-308聚酰亚胺及其复合材料的研究

通过分子组合技术设计并合成的PMR型聚酰亚胺KH-308，室温下具有良好的储存稳定性，使用AR2000流变仪对其成型工艺性进行了研究，树脂固化后的储能模量拐点高于360℃，冲击强度大于20J／cm^2。碳纤维增强的树脂基复合材料在250、288和320℃具有良好的热氧化稳定性，在320℃，经过500h后热氧化失重≤3％；复合材料在120℃、0．2MPa的水中具有很好的湿热稳定性，湿热老化后复合材料的热性能和力学性能变化很小。短切碳纤维增强的复合材料具有良好的力学性能、干摩擦和水环境下良好的摩擦学性能，石英纤维增强的复合材料具有宽频范围内稳定的介电常数和介电损耗。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.