共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
自由翻滚故障卫星抓捕是航天器在轨服务及空间碎片清理的基础。由于难以确定固定抓捕点及目标运动参数不确定,传统机械臂抓捕方法无法适用类似自由翻滚故障卫星的空间非合作目标。提出一种具有鲁棒性的外包络抓捕方法及抓捕路径优化方案。外包络抓捕方式能够适用于自由翻滚故障卫星抓捕问题,其特点在于,第一,由抓捕末端执行器构成的抓捕包络可以包络空间目标,约束其运动并最终实现抓捕,因此不需要固定抓捕点;第二,末端执行器构成的抓捕包络,能够约束故障卫星运动,而两者之间的摩擦可以有效消除两者之间的相对运动最终成功抓捕翻滚目标。进一步,针对外包络抓捕方法,提出了一种最小燃料消耗及最小抓捕扰动的机械臂抓捕路径。为验证外包络抓捕方法的有效性,构建旋转立方星抓捕地面实验,并利用数值仿真验证外包络抓捕机械臂最优路径规划,仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性。 相似文献
2.
用柔性机械臂连杆末端的弹性变形以及变形角度来表示空间机器人柔性臂的弹性运动变量,克服了用无穷维振动模态变量来表示弹性变形给系统运动学建模带来的困难;基于广义雅可比矩阵的思想,建立了柔性臂空间机器人"双广义雅可比矩阵"形式的运动学模型,该运动学模型描述了柔性臂弹性变形对空间机器人的运动影响;以运动学方程为基础,设计了柔性臂空间机器人的惯性空间内连续轨迹规划算法。仿真表明,规划的机械臂关节运动规律可以补偿柔性连杆振动给机械臂末端位置带来的影响,使机械臂末端位置准确沿着期望的轨迹运动。 相似文献
3.
4.
失效航天器一般有复杂的运动和较大的角速度,采用机械臂直接抓捕目标容易导致非预期碰撞,如果先采用接触式消旋操作降低目标角速度,会大大降低服务卫星抓捕目标的难度。针对空间翻滚非合作目标的接触式消旋控制存在接触动力学模型不确定性的问题,提出了一种基于特征模型的自适应控制方法。首先通过接触式消旋的物理机理分析,建立消旋系统动力学模型;进一步在动力学特性分析基础上构建描述接触碰撞后目标角速度的特征模型,并确定模型参数范围;然后基于该模型设计黄金分割自适应控制律。仿真结果表明,该方法有效克服了消旋过程中接触碰撞模型存在的不确定性,并且消旋速度快且消旋后的残余角速度小。 相似文献
5.
6.
基于多智能体强化学习的空间机械臂轨迹规划 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对某型六自由度(DOF)空间漂浮机械臂对运动目标捕捉场景,开展了基于深度强化学习的在线轨迹规划方法研究。首先给出了机械臂DH (Denavit-Hartenberg)模型,考虑组合体力学耦合特性建立了多刚体运动学和动力学模型。然后提出了一种改进深度确定性策略梯度算法,以各关节为决策智能体建立了多智能体自学习系统。而后建立了"线下集中学习,线上分布执行"的空间机械臂对匀速直线运动目标捕捉训练系统,构建以目标相对距离和总操作时间为参数的奖励函数。最后通过数学仿真验证,实现了机械臂对各向匀速运动目标的快速捕捉,平均完成耗时5.4 s。与传统基于随机采样的规划算法对比,本文提出的自主决策运动规划方法求解速度和鲁棒性更优。 相似文献
7.
空间机械臂关节具有大惯量、高精度的特点,针对空间机械臂关节低速、高精度控制要求,提出一种基于摩擦补偿的双位置闭环控制策略。建立了考虑摩擦和惯量变化等因素的一体化关节动力学模型,分析了全位置闭环系统的稳定性,在此基础上提出了一种基于双位置传感器信息的闭环伺服控制策略,并引入自适应率辨识未知摩擦和惯量变化,利用Lyapunov函数证明闭环系统的稳定性和跟踪误差的渐进收敛性。在测试平台上的试验结果表明,提出的空间机械臂一体化关节伺服控制策略能够有效地提高关节伺服控制精度和系统鲁棒性。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
针对空间目标光电观测网中的目标分配问题,通过对编目实际情况的分析,考虑了目标的探测率、编目定轨对测量数据的要求和编目更新率,提出编目效率的概念并给出相应计算方法。在此基础上,建立了空间目标分配优化的线性规划模型。数值仿真表明,模型有效,求解可行,可用于空间目标光电观测网的日常运行,提高观测网的运行效率。编目效率概念同时也可作为对观测所需资源消耗的度量,从而实现对观测网编目能力的评估。 相似文献
11.
A technique is presented for controlling multiple manipulators which are holding a single object and therefore form a closed kinematic chain. The object, which may or may not be in contact with a rigid environment, is assumed to be held rigidly by n robot end-effectors. The derivation is based on setting up constraint equations which reduce the 6×n degrees of freedom of n manipulators each having six joints. Additional constraint equations are considered when one or more degrees of freedom of the object is reduced due to external constraints. Utilizing the operational space dynamic equations, a decoupling controller is designed to control both the position and the interaction forces of the object with the environment. Simulation results for the control of a pair of two-link manipulators are presented 相似文献
12.
《中国航空学报》2022,35(9):342-353
Active debris removal (ADR) technology is an effective approach to remediate the proliferation of space debris, which seriously threatens the operational safety of orbital spacecraft. This study aims to design a controller for a dual-arm space robot to capture tumbling debris, including capture control and detumbling control. Typical space debris is considered as a non-cooperative target, which has no specific capture points and unknown dynamic parameters. Compliant clamping control and the adaptive backstepping-based prescribed trajectory tracking control (PTTC) method are proposed in this paper. First, the differential geometry theory is utilized to establish the constraint equations, the dynamic model of the chaser-target system is obtained by applying the Hamilton variational principle, and the compliance clamping controller is further designed to capture the non-cooperative target without contact force feedback. Next, in the post-capture phase, an adaptive backstepping-based PTTC is proposed to detumble the combined spacecraft in the presence of model uncertainties. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to validate the feasibility of the proposed capture and detumbling control method. Simulation results indicate that the target detumbling achieved by the PTTC method can reduce propellant consumption by up to 24.11%. 相似文献
13.
《中国航空学报》2020,33(3):1093-1106
The rotational motion of a tumbling target brings great challenges to space robot on successfully capturing the tumbling target. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the target’s rotation to a rate at which capture can be accomplished by the space robot. In this paper, a detumbling strategy based on friction control of dual-arm space robot for capturing tumbling target is proposed. This strategy can reduce the target’s rotational velocity while maintaining base attitude stability through the establishment of the rotation attenuation controller and base attitude adjustment controller. The rotation attenuation controller adopts the multi-space hybrid impedance control method to control the friction precisely. The base attitude adjustment controller applies the dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix to stabilize the base attitude. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) The compliant control method is adopted to achieve a precise friction control, which can reduce the target angular velocity steadily; (2) The dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix is applied to stabilize the base attitude without affecting the target capture task; (3) The detumbling strategy of dual-arm space robot is designed considering base attitude stabilization, realizing coordinated planning of the base attitude and the arms. The strategy is verified by a dual-arm space robot with two 7-DOF (degrees of freedom) arms. Simulation results show that, target with a rotation velocity of 20 (°)/s can be effectively controlled to stop within 30 s, and the final deflection of the base attitude is less than 0.15° without affecting the target capture task, verifying the correctness and effectiveness of the strategy. Except to the tumbling target capture task, the control strategy can also be applied to other typical on-orbit operation tasks such as space debris removal and spacecraft maintenance. 相似文献
14.
15.
空间机器人捕获漂浮目标的抓取控制 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
提出了动态抓取域用于空间机器人捕获漂浮目标的抓取控制。空间机器人捕获漂浮目标时,由于机械臂与基体的动力学耦合、抓取时的碰撞激振等非线性特性使得抓取控制变得复杂而重要。首先建立了空间机器人及漂浮目标的动力学模型,而后引入了末端装置抓取目标时的碰撞模型,并提出了"动态抓取域"用于机械臂抓取目标时的控制,同时应用关节主动阻尼控制,以减小抓取碰撞激振对空间机器人冲击的影响。结果表明:在相同抓取时间下,加速抓取明显优于匀速抓取,碰撞力振幅减小至匀速抓取时的20%,对空间机器人的激振冲击明显消除,仅在抓取结束前有小幅激振。这对空间机器人的抓取控制有着重要的理论价值及工程实际意义。 相似文献
16.
This paper presents a new solution to haptic based teleoperation to control a large-sized slave robot for space exploration, which includes two specially designed haptic joysticks, a hybrid master-slave motion mapping method, and a haptic feedback model rendering the operating resistance and the interactive feedback on the slave side. Two devices using the 3 R and DELTA mechanisms respectively are developed to be manipulated to control the position and orientation of a large-sized slave robot by using both of a user's two hands respectively. The hybrid motion mapping method combines rate control and variable scaled position mapping to realize accurate and efficient master-slave control. Haptic feedback for these two mapping modes is designed with emphasis on ergonomics to improve the immersion of haptic based teleoperation. A stiffness estimation method is used to calculate the contact stiffness on the slave side and play the contact force rendered by using a traditional spring-damping model to a user on the master side stably. Experiments by using virtual environments to simulate the slave side are conducted to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed solution. 相似文献
17.
柔性冗余度机器人振动的分析与控制 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
应用最优控制理论,对柔性冗余度机器人振动控制问题的原理与策略进行了研究。把主动控制思想应用于机器人振动控制中,提出了控制柔性冗余度机器人振动的一种方法。这种方法通过规划机器人的自运动加快系统振动能量的消耗以实现主动振动控制。此外,通过对满足抑振要求的自运动的选取进行分析,指出柔性冗余度机器人具有二次优化的能力,这对于提高机器人的工作性能是十分重要的。最后通过数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
18.
具有销钉承载孔的复合材料层合板的接触应力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正> 本文采用以弹性接触理论为基础的有限元混合法分析具有销钉承载孔的复合材料层合板的接触应力,并讨论了销钉的材料性质、层合板铺设方式以及销钉与承载孔边摩擦和公差诸因素对层合板承载孔边接触内力和应力分布与大小的影响。 相似文献
19.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(3):225-240
In this paper, the relative sliding motion between the target and the manipulator’s end-effector is considered and characterized as a unilateral contact constraint. A new possible solution is presented to estimate the inertial parameters of a non-cooperative target while the relative sliding motion exists. First, the detailed analysis of the dynamical model is presented, and a parameter-explicit linear time-varying model is obtained. Then, an extended state observer is constructed based on the new model, which can effectively estimate the unknown inertial parameters of the target when relative sliding motion exists. As the modified reactionless controller requires the knowledge of inertial parameters, a hybrid post-capture control scheme is also established based on the switch law between different controllers. The correctness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm are validated by numerical simulation, which proves a potential framework for the non-cooperative target post-capture operation. 相似文献
20.
空间绳系机器人逼近目标协调控制方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了节省空间绳系机器人的末端执行装置在逼近目标卫星过程中推力器所使用的燃料,本文提出一种利用推力器、反作用轮及空间系绳的协调控制方法。首先利用二次型最优控制器(LQR)算法计算出末端执行装置逼近目标所需的理想轨道控制力,然后利用模拟退火算法将所需轨道控制力优化分配到推力器及空间系绳,同时利用时间延迟算法通过反作用轮补偿空间系绳产生的姿态干扰力矩。仿真结果表明,利用该协调控制方法能显著节省末端执行装置上推力器的燃料消耗,有效抑制空间系绳协调控制力产生的姿态干扰,使末端执行装置保持相对稳定的姿态。 相似文献