变形工艺对Ti-3Al-5Mo-5V动态压缩变形的影响

采用显微组织分析和工艺试验相结合的方法系统分析了变形工艺对Ti-3A l-5Mo-5V钛合金动态压缩变形行为的影响规律。结果表明,变形速率和变形量影响着合金动态变形局部化的程度(剪切带的宽度)和变形过程中出现的剪切带的类型,动态变形后剪切带区域的硬度与其他位置的硬度差异较大,这种差异可以通过变形后适当的后续退火处理来消除。     

真空吸铸TiAl基合金组织研究

利用金属型真空吸铸技术获得了TiAl基合金薄板件,并研究了该铸件的铸态组织以及合金元素对其组织的影响。实验结果表明:由于金属型的强制冷却作用,金属型真空吸铸的Ti-47Al合金薄板铸件铸态组织细小,平均晶粒尺寸在60μm左右;W元素的添加有利于B2相的形成,从而细化组织,其机理是B2相阻碍了α晶粒长大;Si元素添加生成的Ti5Si3相,主要分布在晶界处,形成的Ti5Si3第二相质点会阻碍TiAl基合金凝固过程中组织的长大,有利于细化TiAl基合金组织。     

稀土Y对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响

采用OM,XRD,XRF,SEM,EPMA,TEM等分析手段研究了稀土Y对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响.结果表明:两种合金铸态显微组织均为O相;稀土Y明显细化了Ti-23Al-25Nb合金晶粒尺寸,Ti-23Al-25Nb合金的晶粒尺寸在400～600μm之间,Ti-23Al-25Nb-0.36Y合金的晶粒尺寸在40～100μm之间,细化大约6～8倍.通过Ti-23Al-25Nb-0.36Y合金背散射、各元素线分布和TEM分析发现,稀土Y在Ti-23Al-25Nb合金中以Y2O3的形式存在于晶内和晶界,根据O相形成机制和晶粒细化理论,分析了稀土Y细化O相晶粒的过程.     

压制工艺和粒径对粉末冶金Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe合金组织性能的影响

采用粉末冶金技术以氢化钛（TiH₂）粉和不同粒径的元素粉体为原料制备Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe（Ti-185）合金,研究了压制工艺对不同粒径元素粉制备的Ti-185合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明：当压制压力在800 MPa、保压时间80 s、压制速率为1 mm/s时,Ti-185生坯密度最高,为最佳压制工艺。由粒径较小元素粉制备得到的Ti-185合金晶粒越细小,合金的烧结致密度就越高。粉末粒径越小,烧结过程中合金元素实现合金化需要扩散的距离就越短,越有利于合金力学性能的提高,其中具有最小粒径的样品表现出最高的硬度（43 HRC）和强度（1 438 MPa）。     

铸造钛合金的氢处理细化晶粒的研究

本文研究了氢处理（渗氢+共析处理+真空除氢）对铸造Ti-6Al-4V合金微观组织的影响。发现Ti-6A1-4V合金渗氢后析出片状的面心立方结构的TiH₂相。随含氢量的增加,TiH₂相趋于球化。渗氢试样经共析处理后,原晶界α消失,组织转变为α+TiH₂共析组织及少量残余β相。真空除氢后,组织变为细小的等轴组织。氢处理提供了一种细化铸造Ti-6Al-4V组织的有效途径。     

Ti-47Al-2Cr-1Nb合金的晶粒细化工艺及显微组织变化特征

研究了Ti-47Al-2Cr-1Nb (at%) 合金的等温变形复合热机械处理晶粒细化工艺及显微组织变化特征.通过两次等温变形(变形量70%以上)加中间热处理,破碎了粗大的铸态层片晶团,热处理后得到均匀的等轴γ细晶.变形态的微观组织显示,等温变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,使流变曲线出现明显的流变软化.     

Ti-6Al-4V合金氢致塑性效应与应用

利用光学显微镜研究了置氢处理后Ti-6A1-4V合金的微观组织,通过X射线衍射分析试验研究了置氢处理过程中的相转变过程;采用室温压缩试验研究了置氢处理后Ti-6Al-4V合金的变形行为,并进行了冷镦试验.结果表明,氢促进了α"马氏体与亚稳β相的形成,亚稳β相的形成与转变是Ti-6Al-4V合金变形性能提高的主要因素;在...     

镁合金表面火焰喷涂及激光重熔Al-Si合金涂层的研究

采用火焰喷涂及激光重熔工艺在镁合金基材表面制备了Al-Si合金涂层,考察了涂层激光重熔处理前后的组织及性能。结果表明:激光重熔处理前,涂层组织不够致密,涂层硬度较低;激光重熔后,涂层变得组织致密、均匀,元素扩散剧烈,界面呈冶金结合,涂层硬度可高达270HV。激光重熔处理使涂层和基材表面层都发生熔融,涂层厚度大幅增加。分析表明,激光重熔后涂层的组织非常致密,与其成分所对应的合金具有很窄的凝固温度范围即具有很好的铸造性能有关。研究结果表明采用火焰喷涂及激光重熔工艺在镁合金表面制备高质量Al基厚涂层可行。     

稳恒电场对Ti-50at%Al合金组织凝固细化的影响

利用电场凝固技术在Ti-50at%Al合金固相线以上糊状区和液相区内,对其进行稳恒电场处理,通过对比有无电场和对比不同电流密度对合金凝固组织的作用效果,研究电场对合金凝固组织中γ相和γ/α2片层组织形态、尺寸的影响规律。结果表明:稳恒电场在靠近电极附近对合金的作用效果最明显;且随着电流密度的增大,Ti-50at%Al合金的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。     

热处理参数对GH2150A合金冲击韧性的影响

研究GH2150A合金经前期热处理与中间热处理后合金组织变化对室温冲击性能的影响。利用光学金相和扫描电镜对合金组织和冲击断口进行观察。结果表明,经过这种热处理可以显著提高合金的室温冲击韧性,比经标准热处理的Ak提高36%。主要原因是该处理改变合金中碳化物的析出数量、形态和分布,减小γ′相的尺寸,从而改变室温冲击的断裂机制。该处理可以使合金得到良好的综合性能。     

Ti-22Al-25Nb合金剪切旋压过程中显微组织演化

通过剪切旋压试验,研究了旋压温度(910℃和1000℃)和减薄率(0、10%和30%)对Ti-22Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响,探讨了旋压过程中的显微组织演化规律。结果表明:Ti-22Al-25Nb(原子数分数)合金旋压组织主要由α2相、B2相和O相组成,在旋压过程中,B2晶粒沿旋轮进给方向被拉长,且伴随有动态再结晶现象发生;温度主要影响Ti-22Al-25Nb合金中α2相与O相的尺寸和形貌,随着旋压温度的升高,O相片层逐渐变短并粗化,α2相趋向等轴化;变形量主要影响α2相体积分数与O相形貌,随着减薄率的增大,α2相体积分数逐渐减少,O相从片层状转变为短棒状。因此,Ti-22Al-25Nb合金剪切旋压过程中不仅发生晶粒变形与动态再结晶现象,更涉及复杂的相变行为,组织控制困难。     

原位合成TiC颗粒强化铝合金组织与性能

采用铝系合金2A14（LD10）作为母合金,利用原位合成法制备了TiC颗粒弥散强化铝基材料。显微组织观察表明,合金中的TiC颗粒呈等轴状,尺寸约为1～3μm。加入TiC颗粒后,合金铸态组织显著细化,室温抗拉强度和屈服强度得到一定程度提高,但塑性下降。150℃时,合金的拉伸性能变化随TiC加入量增加而变化的规律与室温相似。合金中TiC颗粒的引人大大提高了合金的耐磨性能。在油润滑条件下,TiC／2A14材料的耐磨损体积远远优于其母合金以及其他典型的金属耐磨材料,如耐磨黄铜、ZA30锌基合金和Al—30Si高硅铝合金。     

Primary Solidification Phase and Lamellar Orientation in Directionally Solidified Ti-45Al-7Nb Alloy

Primary solidification phase and lamellar orientation are investigated in Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy at very high ratio of temperature gradient to growth rate (G/v) by a liquid-metal-cooled directionally solidified method. It shows that Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy solidifies with primary α phase. Longitudinal (parallel to growth direction) microstructure shows that α dendrites in solid-liquid mushy zone are discontinuous and transverse microstructure of α dendrites is worm-like feature. Growth direction of α phase is about 80° away from〈0001〉α direction, and close to〈1120〉α direction. The corresponding lamellar orientation is aligned at the angle of about 10° to growth direction, which is consistent with α-dendrite growth direction according to Blackburn orientation relationship. Therefore, due to the altered growth direction of α phase, the lamellar orientation in Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy is controlled at the G/v ratio of 5×109 K·sm-2.     

粉末冶金Ti-Al 系金属间化合物的研究

由于可以制备出组织细小、均匀的Ti-Al系金属间化合物材料,粉末冶金技术在Ti-Al系金属间化合物材料的应用研究方面具有很强的优势.本文以Ti-23Al- 17Nb( at％)和Ti-45 Al-2Cr-2Nb-(B,W)(at％)为例,介绍了粉末冶金技术在Ti-Al系金属间化合物材料制备及成形方面的制备工艺、性能和部分样件,展示了Ti-Al系金属间化合物材料在航天及武器型号方面良好的应用前景.     

粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V 的组织及形成机理

利用热等静压(HIP)技术及旋转电极粉,采用预合金粉工艺制备了全致密的粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V合金,用光学显微镜对其金相组织进行了观察,分析其形成机理,并对粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V合金的室温拉伸性能、弹性模量、冲击性能及断裂韧性进行了研究.结果表明:粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V金相组织主要由条片α相+相间β相组成,有细小的等轴α相分布在晶粒界面处,包裹着条片α相,这种独特的组织状态是由制备工艺决定的,具有良好的综合性能.     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.     

Effects of B on the Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Nb-Ti-Si-based Ultrahigh-temperature Alloy

Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys concocted with boron ranging from 0 to 2 at% are prepared by arc-melting technology. The effects of adding boron on their as-melted microstructure and oxidation resistance are analyzed. The (Nb,Ti)ss, β-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ exist in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf alloy, while (Nb,Ti)ss, α-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ are present in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-1B and Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-2B alloys. The oxidation of Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys is dominated by the diffusion of oxygen through (Nb,Ti)ss. Compared to boron-free alloys, the boron-containing alloys have significantly lower oxidation rate when oxidized at 1 200 °C for less than 50 h, but, for more than 50 h, their oxidation resistance deteriorates.     

Grinding behavior and surface appearance of（TiC_p＋ TiB_w）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites

（TiCp＋ TiBw）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites（PTMCs） have broad application prospects in the aviation and nuclear field. However, it is a typical difficult-to-cut material due to high hardness of the reinforcements, high strength and low thermal conductivity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy matrix. Grinding experiments with vitrified CBN wheels were conducted to analyze comparatively the grinding performance of PTMCs and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Grinding force and force ratios, specific grinding energy, grinding temperature, surface roughness, ground surface appearance were discussed. The results show that the normal grinding force and the force ratios of PTMCs are much larger than that of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Low depth of cut and high workpiece speed are generally beneficial to achieve the precision ground surface for PTMCs. The hard reinforcements of PTMCs are mainly removed in the ductile mode during grinding. However, the removal phenomenon of the reinforcements due to brittle fracture still exists, which contributes to the lower specific grinding energy and grinding temperature of PTMCs than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.