俄罗斯对地观测卫星现状和未来发展

□□在俄罗斯国家气象卫星系统现代化的架构里,其主要工作是研制下一代极轨卫星--\"流星\"(Meteor)系列和静止轨道卫星--\"电子星\"[Electro,又称\"地球静止轨道气象卫星\"(GOMS)]系列.这些卫星将分别在2006年和2007年发射.在对运行的气象卫星系统进行支持和改进的同时,环境卫星的研发也在实施中.     

中国空间地球科学发展现状及未来策略

空间地球科学是以空间对地观测为主要信息获取手段,研究地球系统的各圈层及之间的相互作用、过程与演变,对地球进行系统研究的综合性交叉学科.为纪念空间科学学会成立40周年,本文系统回顾了中国空间地球科学的发展历程,分析当前面临的机遇与挑战,进而提出中国空间地球科学未来发展的建议.     

月基对地观测的特点与应用潜力分析

伴随着中国月球探测计划的进展, 特别是载人登月计划的实施, 建设综合性的月球科研基地已成为正在设计和即将实施的国家规划. 为了充分发挥月球科研基地的作用, 针对月基对地观测特点和潜在应用展开分析. 根据月球轨道的独特视角, 从地球系统科学、可持续发展、空间物理和空间环境监测等方面讨论多个相关需求和潜在的研究方向. 这些需求和研究方向能够为无人或载人月球科研基地的设计, 以及制定未来发展规划提供必要参考. 同时, 这些思考和建议也为地球系统科学研究提供了新的研究视角.     

2012–2014 China's Earth Observation and Earth Science Development

Human beings are now facing global and regional sustainable development challenges.In China, Earth observation data play a fundamental role in Earth system science research. The support given by Earth observation data is required by many studies, including those on Earth's limited natural resources, the rapid development of economic and social needs, global change, extreme events, food security, water resources, sustainable economic and urban development, and emergency response. Application operation systems in many ministries and departments in China have entered a stage of sustainable development, and the State Key Project of High-Resolution Earth Observation Systems has been progressing since 2006. Earth observation technology in China has entered a period of rapid development.     

Progress of 2014—2016 China's Earth Observation and Earth Science

The support given by Earth observation data and Earth system science play an increasingly important role in global change, regional sustainable development, extreme events, and the development of social and economic needs. This field is also moving towards systematization, platforms, and standardized development. In December 2015, nearly 200 parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed in Paris to make arrangements for global action in response to climate change by 2020. China jointly issued a climate change adaptation strategy for cities in 2016 and then elevated national action to respond to climate change. China's Earth Observation and Earth Science development is facing new challenges as it supports the national civil space infrastructure and high-resolution Earth observation system.     

国外高分辨率对地成像观测系统现状与发展趋势

分析了国外以光学、雷达、高光谱载荷为主的高分辨率对地成像观测系统的现状和发展趋势,旨在为我国新一代高分辨率对地观测系统提供参考。研究表明：随着微纳卫星、高性能载荷、人工智能等关键技术的快速发展和应用,国外规划的新一代对地观测系统以智能小卫星集群为主,卫星平台研究集中于高性能微纳卫星、软件定义卫星、小卫星群组;载荷研究在提高载荷时间、空间、光谱分辨率的基础上,智能化、一体化、轻小型化是未来的发展趋势。     

对地观测卫星姿态非线性控制方法

针对对地观测卫星姿态控制系统 ,着重考虑干扰、噪声对卫星姿态稳定度的影响。忽略耦合和挠性部件影响 ,也不考虑敏感器和执行机构的动态特性 ,针对卫星定向模式的主调节器设计问题构造了一种简单实用的非线性控制器 ,并分析和验证了该非线性控制器的有效性。     

THE SPACE APPLICATION ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE CHINESE UNMANNED SPACECRAFT "SZ-3"

During the 3rd mission of Chinese Unmanned Spacecraft the application sys tem of "SZ-3" (Shenzhou, a divine ship) gets a great success, all its goals are achieved. Many areas of science and breakthrough technology, including earth observation, earth environment monitoring, space material, space life science etc., are carried out in the mission. There are 44 payload instruments totally.All the instruments are working well during the orbit flight and a lot of good results are obtained. Many areas, for example the moderate resolution imag ing spectroradiometer, the solar ultraviolet spectral irradiance monitor and the space protein crystallization facility perform better than required and expected.A brief introduction of the experiments and the achievements of the mission is given in this paper.     

对地观测DSS任务分配问题的CSP模型与算法

任务分配是对地观测分布式卫星系统(Distributed Satellites System, DSS)自主协作运行过程中的一个重要环节. 针对任务分配中的约束满足问题(Constraint Satisfaction Problem, CSP), 以DSS完成任务总耗能最少为原则, 构建了任务分配问题的CSP模型, 并引入MAS理论中的合同网协议, 给出模型的求解算法, 通过仿真算例对模型和算法进行了验证.