氢氧推进剂在轨加注若干关键问题研究进展

为了实现深空探测和大型空间站的建设,有必要对氢氧推进剂的在轨加注技术进行研究。通过文献调研和对比,重点分析氢氧推进剂在轨加注遇到的若干热力学和流体力学问题。首先介绍了可以用于氢氧贮箱蒸发量控制的被动热防护技术,目的是实现推进剂的长期在轨贮存。其次,对9种常用的常规推进剂在轨测量技术进行比较,得出适用于氢氧贮箱内剩余推进剂的测量方法。最后,针对在轨低温推进剂的气液分离问题,分析了正推法和表面张力贮箱在氢氧贮箱气液分离中的适用性。通过对氢氧推进剂在轨加注关键问题的调研和论证,为我国氢氧推进剂在空间环境下的长期在轨使用和再加注提供技术参考。

Research Progress on Several Key Problems of On-Orbit Refueling Technologies for Hydrogen-Oxygen Propellants

In order to realize deep space exploration and large space station construction, the on-orbit refueling technology should be researched. This paper conducted literature review and comparative analysis to focus on several thermodynamic and hydrodynamic problems presented in on-orbit refueling. Firstly, the passive thermal protection methods for hydrogen-oxygen tanks boil-off control are introduced, and the purpose is to realize long-term storage on-orbit. Secondly, nine normal on-orbit measurement methods for storable propellants are compared, and the measurement methods suitable for residual mass in hydrogen-oxygen tanks are obtained. Finally, according to gas-liquid separation problems of cryogenic propellants on-orbit, the application of forward thrust method and surface tension tanks used to gas-liquid separation in hydrogen-oxygen tanks are analyzed. This paper investigates and demonstrates key problems on on-orbit refueling in and this hydrogen-oxygen propellants and this can be used to provide technical guides for long-time used and refueled hydrogen-oxygen propellants in space environment.