8mm衰减标准装置

对8mm衰减标准装置的工作原理、系统设计、主要技术特点、误差分析等进行了详细介绍,并附有测试和分析数据。该装置达到了80dB的量程、全频段和±0.003dB/10dB的准确度。     

对8mm微波衰减参数计量的探讨

随着现代武器装备的更新换代和新型导弹的不断发展以及电子战中电子对抗的应用,对导弹制导雷达的要求越来越高.由于毫米波具有制导精确度高,抗干扰能力强、穿透性能好以及携带的信息量大等独特性能,因此被广泛应用于雷达、射频天线、通讯卫星、导弹等许多尖端领域.为了确保雷达的各项参数满足武器试验的要求,保障试验任务的顺利进行,对雷达的各项参数的计量检定是十分必要的.目前,"全自动8mm微波功率标准”已经建立,但8mm微波衰减参数的计量在军内还是一项空白,而衰减量值的准确与否直接影响到武器和装备性能的好坏,影响试验任务的成败.因此,我们提出了一种对8mm微波衰减参数的计量方法,以供广大从事微波计量工作的同行参考.     

Calculation of fast neutron removal cross sections for different lunar soils

The interaction of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and solar energetic particles (SEPs) with the lunar surface produces secondary radiations as neutrons. The study of the production and attenuation of these neutrons in the lunar soil is very important to estimate the annual ambient dose equivalent on the lunar surface and for lunar nuclear spectroscopy. Also, understanding the attenuation of fast neutrons in lunar soils can help in measuring of the lunar neutron density profile and to measure the neutron flux on the lunar surface. In this paper, the attenuation of fast neutrons in different lunar soils is investigated. The macroscopic effective removal cross section (_ΣR)$({\mathrm{\Sigma }}_R)$ of fast neutrons was theoretically calculated from the mass removal cross-section values (_ΣR/ρ)$({\mathrm{\Sigma }}_R/\rho )$ for various elements in soils. The obtained values of (_ΣR)$({\mathrm{\Sigma }}_R)$ were discussed according to the density. The results show that the attenuation of fast neutrons is more important in the landing sites of Apollo 12 and Luna 16 than the other landing sites of Apollo and Luna missions.     

Ka频段卫星通信雨衰分析及解决对策

Ka频段卫星通信中,降雨引起的信号衰减对通信链路的通断起着非常重要的作用.本文在阐述雨衰原理的基础上,分析了Ka频段雨衰对信道特性的影响,提出了Ka频段抗雨衰的各种对策,并通过实例说明了对策的有效性.     

分子污染对卫星太阳电池翼输出功率的衰减研究

分子污染是引起卫星太阳电池翼输出功率衰减的因素之一。用直接模拟蒙特卡罗（Direct Simulation Monte Carlo）方法分析了空间分子污染物的传输过程，采用十组不同的输入参数计算了在轨运行期间分子污染物在某型号卫星太阳电池翼表面的沉积膜厚度，分析了太阳电池翼输出功率的衰减情况。     

8mm衰减自动校准装置

介绍了８ｍｍ衰减自动校准装置的工作原理、系统构成、主要技术特点和误差分析等，并附有数据及表格。该装置在２６．５～４０ＧＨｚ频率范围内，具有８０ｄＢ的量程和±０．０１ｄＢ／１０ｄＢ的准确度。     

TC18钛合金增材制造材料超声检测特征的试验研究

针对TC18激光、电子束增材制造钛合金及变形钛合金3种不同制造工艺的材料开展超声检测特征试验研究。结果表明,TC18钛合金增材制造材料不同成形方向的超声波声速、材料衰减及检测灵敏度均存在较大差异,与变形钛合金相比具有明显的方向性。本研究结果对于增材制造制件的超声检测方法研究具有重要参考价值。     

测量接收机与矢网测量衰减方法研究

介绍测量接收机与矢量网络分析仪测量衰减的原理,并对不确定度来源进行了分析。分别对低反射系数下,不同衰减量进行不确定度评定,表明衰减量在(10～60) d B范围内,两种标准测量不确定度相当;另外,采用两种测量标准对较大输入反射系数模值、不同相位下的阻抗调配器级联20dB固定衰减器作为被测件进行测试,最大偏差达到±0. 31dB,矢量网络分析仪的测量不确定度(0. 18dB),明显小于接收机测量不确定度(0. 59dB)。     

Influence of shock attenuation on tailored operation in free piston shock tunnels

The free piston shock tunnel is a type of shock tunnel with high performance. For this type of tunnel, the influence mechanism of shock wave attenuation on tailored operation is explored by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. By introducing the normalized velocity, the simple constraint equation for shock wave under the tailored operation is deduced. Moreover, the real gas effect is also taken into account in this equation. Based on the equation, the tailored operation of shock tunnels can be predicted with very few calculations. The present study shows that the change rate of the thermodynamic state of the gas behind the shock wave is inconsistent with the attenuation rate of the shock wave, which is the fundamental reason why the wind tunnel achieves tailored operation at a lower Mach number of shock waves. This lower Mach number of shock waves differs from the corresponding ideal value by a factor, which is about the square root of shock attenuation rate.     

Development of one-minute rain-rate and rain-attenuation contour maps for satellite propagation system planning in a subtropical country: South Africa

Millimeter and microwave system design at higher frequencies require as input a 1-min rain-rate cumulative distribution function for estimating the level of degradation that can be encountered at such frequency bands. Owing to the lack of 1-min rain-rate data in South Africa and the availability of 5-min and hourly rainfall data, we have used rain-rate conversion models and the refined Moupfouma model to convert the available data into 1-min rain-rate statistics. The attenuation caused by these rain rates was predicted using the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendations model. The Kriging interpolation method was used to draw contour maps over different percentages of time for spatial interpolation of rain-rate values into a regular grid in order to obtain a highly consistent and predictable inter-gauge rain-rate variation over South Africa. The present results will be useful for system designers of modern broadband wireless access (BWA) and high-density cell-based Ku/Ka, Q/V band satellite systems, over the desired area of coverage in order to determine the appropriate effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) and receiver characteristics of this region.