Crew autonomy for deep space exploration: Lessons from the Antarctic Search for Meteorites

Future piloted missions to explore asteroids, Mars, and other targets beyond the Moon will experience strict limitations on communication between vehicles in space and control centers on Earth. These limitations will require crews to operate with greater autonomy than any past space mission has demonstrated. The Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) project, which regularly sends small teams of researchers to remote parts of the southern continent, resembles a space mission in many ways but does not rely upon a control center. It provides a useful crew autonomy model for planners of future deep space exploration missions. In contrast to current space missions, ANSMET gives the crew the authority to adjust competing work priorities, task assignments, and daily schedules; allows the crew to be the primary monitor of mission progress; demands greater crew accountability for operational errors; requires the crew to make the most of limited communication bandwidth; adopts systems designed for simple operation and failure recovery; and grants the crew a leading role in the selection and stowage of their equipment.     

基于VC++5.0的三维图形生成方法

对计算机图形显示中的一个复杂问题－－隐藏线的消隐问题进行了研究。并结合信号分析中信号的三维图形显示问题，阐述了基于来家算法的图形快速消隐处理的三维图形生成方法。在此基础上，巧妙利用ＶＣ＋＋５．０中的库函数，探讨了三维网格图的生成方法，并非常方便地实现了三维图形的拉伸、旋转。仿真实例表明该算法简单易行。     

基于Space radiation 5.0软件平台 分析典型GEO空间辐射环境

文章介绍了兰州空间技术物理研究所真空低温技术与物理国家重点实验室从美国引进的空间辐射环境及效应分析软件Space Radiation 5.0的结构功能模块,采用该软件计算分析了典型的GEO（地球同步轨道）空间辐射环境。计算表明:GEO的总剂量效应比较严重,主要是由捕获电子和太阳耀斑质子辐射引起的;GEO的带电粒子主要由质子、α粒子、碳离子、氮离子、氧离子等重核离子组成,此轨道上的单粒子效应主要由太阳宇宙射线中的高能质子和重离子以及银河宇宙射线的重离子引发。     

Short term variations of total electron content (TEC) fitting to a regional GPS network over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

The ionosphere is a dispersive medium for radio waves with the refractive index which is a function of frequency and total electron content (TEC). TEC has a strong diurnal variation in addition to monthly, seasonal and solar cycle variations and small and large scale irregularities. Dual frequency GPS observations can be utilized to obtain TEC and investigate its spatial and temporal variations. We here studied short term TEC variations over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A regional GPS network is formed consisting of 16 sites in and around KSA. GPS observations, acquired between 1st and 11th February 2009, were processed on a daily basis by using the Bernese v5.0 software and IGS final products. The geometry-free zero difference smoothed code observables were used to obtain two hour interval snapshots of TEC and their RMS errors at 0.5 × 0.5 degree grid nodes and regional ionosphere models in a spherical harmonics expansion to degree and order six. The equatorial ionized anomaly (EIA) is recovered in the south of 20°N from 08:00 to 12:00 UT. We found that day-by-day TEC variation is more stable than the night time variation.