RN-FD型固体氡气源的稳定性及应用分析

对测氡仪器进行精确校准是氡测量工作中的重要环节,固体氡气源的稳定性、可靠性在校准中则显得至关重要。本文通过分析RN-FD型固体氡气源对闪烁室K值的稳定性实验结果,认为:RN-FD型固体氡气源标称的浓度值与实际浓度值不一致,标称浓度值只是理论浓度值而不是实际浓度值,需重新刻度才能使用;RN-FD型固体氡气源抽气循环时间不同则浓度不同,但抽气循环时间固定,观测结果比较稳定;对于没有α检查源的台站,RN-FD型固体氡气源可用于氡观测仪器坪区检查。     

航空／海洋重力仪用加速度计现状与优化方法

采用石英挠性加速度计作为重力敏感器的航空/海洋重力仪是典型的重力信息采集仪器,要求石英挠性加速度计具有一次通电稳定性高、高分辨率、低噪声的特点。为了满足航空/海洋重力仪需求,首先,分析了石英挠性加速度计一次通电稳定性机理,确定了关键影响因素,并给出了优化方向;其次,建立了加速度计分辨率模型,给出了测试方法和后续优化方向;最后,通过试验确定了噪声水平,根据关键影响因素给出了优化方向。通过上述研究的开展,为石英挠性加速度计在重力测量领域中的应用奠定了基础。     

一种主动悬架式火星车稳定裕度优化控制策略

针对火星车在非结构化环境下行驶存在的稳定性不足而导致倾覆的风险，提出针对一种六轮主动悬架式火星车的稳定裕度优化控制方法。首先，考虑了火星车悬架机构调整过程中车轮与接触地面滑移和侧倾等运动关系，建立和完善了六轮主动悬架式火星车行驶的运动学模型。然后，以火星车夹角调整机构角度为变量，推导火星车在非结构环境下的稳定裕度模型。之后，使用内点法求解火星车稳定裕度的最优解，并获得期望的夹角调整机构关节角度。在此基础上，对夹角调整机构的关节角度进行规划和控制，实现火星车悬架机构构型的调整，从而提高火星车在非结构化环境下行驶的稳定裕度。最后，对火星车稳定裕度优化控制策略的有效性进行仿真验证，结果表明，所提出的控制方法可有效提高火星车在非结构化环境下行驶的稳定裕度。     

Assessment on critical technologies for conceptual design of blended-wing-body civil aircraft

Civil aviation faces great challenges because of its robust projected future growth and potential adverse environmental effects. The classical Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration following the Cayley's design principles has been optimized to the architecture's limit, which can hardly satisfy the further requirements on green aviation. By past decades' investigations the BlendedWing-Body(BWB) concept has emerged as a potential solution, which can simultaneously fulfill metrics of noise, emission and fuel burn. The purpose of the present work is to analyze the developments of critical technologies for BWB conceptual design from a historical perspective of technology progress. It was found that the high aerodynamic efficiency of BWB aircraft can be well scaled by the mean aerodynamic chord and wetted aspect ratio, and should be realized with the trade-offs among stability and control and low-speed performance. The structure concepts of non-cylinder pressurized cabin are of high risks on weight prediction and weight penalty. A static stability criterion is recommended and further clear and adequate criteria are required by the evaluations of flying and handling qualities. The difficulties of propulsion and airframe integration are analyzed. The energy to revenue work ratios of well-developed BWB configurations are compared,which are 31.5% and 40% better than that of TAW, using state-of-art engine technology and future engine technology, respectively. Finally, further study aspects are advocated.     

提高铷原子频标短期稳定度的研究

对影响铷原子频标短期稳定度的三个因素进行了分析,在此基础上提出了改善短期稳定度的方法和措施,并通过试验进行了验证,获得改进后的铷原子频标的短期稳定度指标,短期稳定度从7×10^-12／1s提高到1．20×10^-12／1s。     

Aircraft nonlinear stability analysis and multidimensional stability region estimation under icing conditions

Icing is one of the crucial factors that could pose great threat to flight safety,and thus research on stability and stability region of aircraft safety under icing conditions is significant for control and flight.Nonlinear dynamical equations and models of aerodynamic coefficients of an air craft are set up in this paper to study the stability and stability region of the aircraft under an icing condition.Firstly,the equilibrium points of the iced aircraft system are calculated and analyzed based on the theory of differential equation stability.Secondly,according to the correlation theory about equilibrium points and the stability region,this paper estimates the multidimensional stability region of the aircraft,based on which the stability regions before and after icing are compared.Finally,the results are confirmed by the time history analysis.The results can give a reference for stability analysis and envelope protection of the nonlinear system of an iced aircraft.     

PID控制对线性时滞系统稳定性的研究

包含线性时滞被控对象和PID控制器在内的反馈系统的稳定性已经有多年的研究,在众多论证方法中,奈奎斯特判据、Hermite-Biehler定理、根轨迹等方法最为常见。此类研究的主要目的即是决定控制参数的稳定范围。通过有限的整定步数来明确并表示出其域值范围和计算步骤只能借助一阶被控对象得以实现,且是一次时延被控系统。本文在庞德里亚金的研究结果上,拓展出任意阶被控对象都可适用的控制算法。     

Stability analysis of an aeroelastic system with friction

In this paper, harmonic balance method, exact formulation and numerical simulation method are adopted to study the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of 1.5 degrees of freedom aeroelastic system. On this basis, the expressions of input energy and dissipated energy are deduced, and the energy method is used to reveal the mechanisms of the stable boundary and unstable boundary existing in the system and the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of the system. Studies have shown that the stability region and the critical aerodynamic damping ratio of the system rise with the increase of the friction stiffness, while the friction stiffness has little effect on the stability boundary. In the analysis of the stability of system, the results of harmonic balance method, exact formulation and Newmark of numerical simulation method are in good agreement. Compared with exact formulation and numerical simulation method, the concept and conclusion of harmonic balance method are simple in the system stability analysis.     

航空燃油齿轮泵滑动轴承非线性瞬态性能数值分析

为研究航空燃油齿轮泵滑动轴承在复杂交变载荷扰动下的瞬态润滑行为,建立了燃油齿轮泵滑动轴承的瞬态计算模型。该模型考虑了滑动轴承油膜空化边界的质量守恒和其所处非线性动态承载环境的影响。在此基础上使用批处理技术实现了燃油齿轮泵和滑动轴承的联合仿真计算,在滑动轴承的瞬态润滑计算过程中计入了燃油泵瞬态内流场和其动态载荷的耦合作用。以此进行了恒定载荷和动态载荷工况下的轴心轨迹稳定性分析以及轴承瞬态润滑性能分析研究。研究结果表明：滑动轴承计算模型的计算结果与实验数据较为吻合,误差保持1.2%以内;燃油齿轮泵的动态载荷对轴心轨迹的影响体现在轨迹启动段偏移的增大以及静平衡位置的消失;通过不同关键参数的对比研究发现：合理的增大宽径比或减小间隙比可以获得更为理想的轴心轨迹静平衡位置,但对于轴承转子运动的稳定性,间隙比由0.2%增至0.6%时,未稳定阶段轴心位置的变化趋势由双峰变为单峰,速度稳定段曲线的波动幅值先增大后趋于不变;当宽径比由0.6增至1.2时,全周期内速度响应曲线的偏移降低,轴心运行的稳定性提高;在轴承瞬态润滑特性中对于轴承载荷变化泄露流量具有的敏感性较强而最小油膜厚度的敏感性较差。     

小不对称物体配平性能风洞实验研究

用阶跃响应法,在风洞中测量小不对称物体配平性能的实验原理、实验装置、数据处理及部分实验结果。 模型支承于空气静压轴承。在模型内部设有电磁机构,在一次吹风中,可以阶跃方式多次提供不对称量。由高精度、非接触的感应同步器数字测量模型俯仰角变化历程。用修正Newton-Raphson法处理数据,求出小不对称量引起的配平角δ_o、俯仰力矩C_mo和气动刚度C_ma、气动阻尼C_mq等参数。 对11°斜切锥,钝度比分别为0.06及0.16的模型进行了风洞实验。实验M数为33.5和4。实验结果表明,所采用的实验原理、设备及方法可提供较好的精度及分辨率。实验还求出了配平性能(δ_o,C_mo)以及C_ma,C_mq随M数的变化。