Far-UVC light as a new tool to reduce microbial burden during spacecraft assembly

This work aims to investigate far-UVC light at 222 nm as a new microbial reduction tool for planetary protection purposes which could potentially be integrated into the spacecraft assembly process. The major advantage of far-UVC (222 nm) compared to traditional germicidal UVC (254 nm) is the potential for application throughout the spacecraft assembly process in the presence of humans without adverse health effects due to the limited penetration of far-UVC light into biological materials. Testing the efficacy of 222-nm light at inactivating hardy bacterial cells and spores isolated from spacecraft and associated surfaces is a necessary step to evaluate this technology. We assessed survival of Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 and Acinetobacter radioresistens 50v1 exposed to 222-nm light on proxy spacecraft surfaces simulated by drying the bacteria on aluminum coupons. The survival fraction of both bacteria followed a single stage decay function up to 60 mJ/cm², revealing similar susceptibility of both species to 222-nm light, which was independent of the exposure rate. Irradiation with far-UVC light at 222 nm is an effective method to decontaminate the proxy spacecraft materials tested in this study.     

过氧化氢/紫外线/臭氧氧化技术处理肼类污水的应用

采用放大试验规模（处理量1 m³/h）的H₂O₂（过氧化氢）/UV（紫外线）/O₃（臭氧）氧化技术处理肼类推进剂污水，在30.0±1.6 ℃，pH=9.0±0.2的条件下，研究肼类的过氧化氢增强光解臭氧化降解。对比不同氧化技术的协同效应以及对污水降解的影响，重点考察过氧化氢、紫外线、臭氧和初始浓度等工艺参数对降解效果的影响，对氧化技术的应用进行了优化。研究结果表明：该技术可使COD去除率提高27.66%，肼类的降解速率随着过氧化氢投加量、紫外线辐射强度、O₃投加速率和水质地提高而升高，随着初始质量浓度的提高而下降。在最佳工艺下，处理5 000 mg/L质量浓度的废水，处理60 min时，COD去除率分别为98.62%（偏二甲肼）、99.17%（甲基肼）、99.94%（肼）和93.25%（单推-3）。     

Broadening of Fe X (6374 Å) profiles above the limb in a coronal hole

Profiles of the visible Fe X (6374 Å) coronal emission line as a function of height above the limb were obtained out to 1.16 solar radii in a coronal hole using the NSO/Sacramento Peak Observatory Coronagraph, Universal Spectrograph and a CCD camera. These are the first coronal line profiles obtained as a function of height in a coronal hole from the ground. Analysis of the line widths suggests a large component of nonthermal broadening which increases with height ranging from 40 to 60 km/s, depending upon the assumed temperature or thermal component of the profile.     

The Genesis Solar Wind Concentrator Target: Mass Fractionation Characterised by Neon Isotopes

The concentrator on Genesis provided samples of increased fluences of solar wind ions for precise determination of the oxygen isotopic composition. The concentration process caused mass fractionation as a function of the radial target position. This fractionation was measured using Ne released by UV laser ablation and compared with modelled Ne data, obtained from ion-trajectory simulations. Measured data show that the concentrator performed as expected and indicate a radially symmetric concentration process. Measured concentration factors are up to ∼30 at the target centre. The total range of isotopic fractionation along the target radius is 3.8%/amu, with monotonically decreasing ²⁰Ne/²²Ne towards the centre, which differs from model predictions. We discuss potential reasons and propose future attempts to overcome these disagreements.     

紫外月球敏感器的几个关键问题

论述了紫外月球敏感器的由来和功能,从基本原理、消杂光设计、能量 与孔径选择、月像处理和姿态提取算法、超大视场消杂光等关键问题的解决进行 了阐述,并得出结论。     

纳米材料提高碳/环氧复合材料抗紫外辐照性能研究

随着对长寿命、高可靠卫星的需求增加,中国卫星上常用的碳/环氧复合材料的抗空间紫外辐照性能研究极为迫切。利用强吸收紫外辐照的纳米材料来改善复合材料结构抗空间紫外辐照能力是提高卫星可靠性、延长寿命的有效途径。通过环境模拟实验取得了初步结果。     

用遥测数据预报导弹落点的误差分析

针对利用遥测数据进行导弹落点预测这一方法 ,分析了误差源 ,在此基础上建立并编写了干扰弹道模型 ,研究讨论了这种方法在进行落点预测时所造成的预测误差。计算结果表明 ,仅仅利用遥测数据进行导弹落点预测有很大的误差 ,必须结合外测手段才能做出较为准确的落点预测     

相检宽带测频仪器的扩展使用

基于“相位重合点”检测方法的相检宽带测频等新技术已经越来越多地应用于各种晶体振荡器的调试、高准确度测频和频标比对中，一般情况下，以这些技术设计的仪器会获得比同类型普通仪器高一千多倍的测量准确度，而在使用得当时还会获得更高的准确度并且会有更广泛的用途，在对这类仪器的原理作更深入分析的基础上，探讨了对它们的各种扩展使用方法，对于有关新技术的推广应用具有很大的实用价值。     

非刚性基准浮动工件宽度的在线测量

介绍１种用标准长度作基准，以自扫描光电二极管列阵作光电传换器，微型计算机进行数据处理，对基准浮动的非刚性工件宽度进行在线测量的测量装置。     

D/H and Nearby Interstellar Cloud Structures

Analysis of UV spectra obtained with the HST, FUSE and other satellites provides a new understanding of the deuterium abundance in the local region of the galactic disk. The wide range of gas-phase D/H measurements obtained outside of the Local Bubble can now be explained as due to different amounts of deuterium depletion on carbonaceous grains. The total D/H ratio including deuterium in the gas and dust phases is at least 23 parts per million of hydrogen, which is providing a challenge to models of galactic chemical evolution. Analysis of HST and ground-based spectra of many lines of sight to stars within the Local Bubble have identified interstellar velocity components that are consistent with more than 15 velocity vectors. We have identified the structures of 15 nearby warm interstellar clouds on the basis of these velocity vectors and common temperatures and depletions. We estimate the distances and masses of these clouds and compare their locations with cold interstellar clouds.