Rats in a transparent morris water maze use elemental and configural geometry of landmarks as well as distance to the pool wall

The aim of this study is to evaluate whatare the dimensions of a panorama of discretelandmarks that a rodent will store in order toreturn to a previously visited target. Ratswere trained to locate a hidden platform in acircular pool of clouded water set within aquasi-spherical enclosure. In order to find theplatform, they had to learn the geometricrelations between the platform and asurrounding set of three discrete landmarks,highly visible through the transparent wall ofthe pool. In test trials without a platform,the array of landmarks was so manipulated as todissociate the effect of actual distance to thelandmarks, of their angular separation, and oftheir apparent dimension. Animals were shown torely equally on angular separation and apparentdimension. The role of actual distance couldnot be definitely ascertained, as animals wereshown to additionally rely on the distance tothe pool wall in order to locate theplatform.     

Function,geometry and spatial prepositions: Three experiments

In this paper the results of three experiments are reported whichaddress the issue of the relative extent to which functionalrelations versus geometric relations affect spatial language. Theexperiments examine the role of a discourse context on the useand rating of the preposition in to describe a visual scenewhere the constraint of spatial containment between figure(object located) and ground (reference object) does not hold. Allthree experiments demonstrate that in is used more andrated to be significantly more appropriate in a functionalcontext than in a no context condition. The implications of thesestudies for spatial language and spatial representation arediscussed.     

Representing a stable environment by egocentric updating and invariant representations

To represent a stable environment despite the experience of changes during self movements, one can either develop an invariant allocentric representation, or update the egocentric representations as one moves. Using a disorientation paradigm, three sets of studies investigated these mechanisms in human navigation and scene recognition. Accuracy in the configuration of multiple object localization is impaired by disorientation, an effect not due to artifacts such as memory deterioration over time, intervening physical activities, uncertainty in self position and orientation, etc., suggesting one can locate objects primarily by updating their egocentric positions as she or he moves. Disorientation also impaired the judgment of changes to a scene after viewer movements, suggesting a similar egocentric updating process. On the contrary, representation of the shape of the surroundings is invariant and persists through disorientation. The coexistence of multiple mechanisms may increase the flexibility and robustness of the system.     

高超音速化学非平衡钝劈绕流数值计算

 自1970年Davis提出粘性激波层方法以来,用数值方法求解高超音速轴对称钝体绕流问题国内外已做了大量工作,但至今仍未见到关于平面问题的计算结果。对于平面问题,虽然方程在形式上比轴对称简单,但由于二维效应,激波层较厚,用文献[2]的方法向下游区推进有困难。另外,在驻点线上采用极限关系式虽能克服方程的奇性,但驻点解对流向步长Δξ有依赖。     

基于空间算子代数的航天器多体动力学递推实时仿真算法

进一步发展了空间算子代数符号体系,给出了一组坐标系无关空间矢量,张量和矢阵符号表示和相应的坐标投影规则.基于空间算子代数符号体系,推导了适用于航天器实时仿真的无根、树状拓扑、开环多体动力学递推算法,并根据投影规则给出了递推算法在惯性坐标系的投影方程.新的空间算子代数符号体系有符号定义严格,推导过程力学概念清晰,推导结果易于实时仿真程序实现的优点.推导的递推算法非常适合于正逆混合问题和变拓扑问题的求解,可以满足多体航天器动力学实时仿真的要求.     

亚音压气机平面叶栅内流动的声激励试验研究

针对非定常两代流型理论的验证展开了大量的试验研究工作.为了简化同时又能抓住问题的本质,试验研究首先从平面叶栅风洞上起步.在测得各个工况下叶栅后旋涡脱落特征频率的基础上,采用声激励的试验手段,系统研究了非定常扰动之间的相互作用.通过加激励前后总压损失的对比、流场特征参数频谱图的对比和具体气动参数的对比,证实了合理组织各个非定常扰动的相互作用可以提升叶栅的气动性能,说明了"非定常耦合流型"在叶轮机中存在的可能性.     

自适应DBF与空间谱估计

讨论了自适应数字波束形成(DBF)技术和超分辨空间谱估计技术,并提出了一种基于信号协方差矩阵特征分解的时-空二维信号高分辨谱估计算法。以上技术应用于相控阵雷达系统,可以精确获得多个运动目标的方位信息和多普勒信息。文章最后给出了计算机模拟结果。