Influence of thickness and initial groove angle in M–K model on limit strain of 7B04 by considering through-thickness stress

Marciniack–Kuczinski (M–K) model is widely used to predict material’s forming limit curve (FLC). The prediction of FLC traditionally neglected through-thickness normal stress. However, it cannot be neglected in some forming processes. Much work has been done to study the effect of through-thickness normal stress on FLC with constant through-thickness normal stress or constant ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress. In addition, based on Nakazima test process, the ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress has been derived, which was a function of instantaneous thickness and loading path. Here, initial groove angle in M–K model was not considered. In this paper, uniaxial tension tests and Nakazima tests were performed on 7B04 aluminum alloy. Based on Hill 48 yield criterion and M–K model, the prediction model of FLC was established. The increase of thickness can enhance FLC. Meanwhile, it is necessary to consider through-thickness normal stress and initial groove angle in prediction model. On the left side of FLC, the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is weakened by increasing sheet thickness. On the right side of FLC, the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is strengthened by increasing sheet thickness. On the right side of FLC, the relation between limit strain points with different thicknesses is linear under one certain loading path. Thickness has decisive effect on through-thickness normal stress level and the changing trendy of through-thickness normal stress during calculation is different under different stress condition.     

细晶铸造K418B合金热处理工艺研究

研究了不同热处理工艺与 K41 8B合金细晶铸件组织和性能的关系 ,结果表明 ,合金组织中的γ′相大小和晶界上次生碳化物的形态和分布对中温持久性能具有重要影响。提出了 K41 8Β合金细晶铸件合适的真空热处理制度为 :1 1 80℃ / 2 h,AC 93 0℃ / 1 6h,AC     

Missions to Mercury

Mercury is a very difficult planet to observe from the Earth, and space missions that target Mercury are essential for a comprehensive understanding of the planet. At the same time, it is also difficult to orbit because it is deep inside the Sun’s gravitational well. Only one mission has visited Mercury; that was Mariner 10 in the 1970s. This paper provides a brief history of Mariner 10 and the numerous imaginative but unsuccessful mission proposals since the 1970s for another Mercury mission. In the late 1990s, two missions—MESSENGER and BepiColombo—received the go-ahead; MESSENGER is on its way to its first encounter with Mercury in January 2008. The history, scientific objectives, mission designs, and payloads of both these missions are described in detail.     

New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

Microstructure,porosity and mechanical properties of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg

Finite element modeling (FEM), microscopy, X-ray computed tomography (CT) and mechanical property tests were used to study the microstructure, porosity and mechanical properties of an AlSi10Mg alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM). The simulation of the melt pool and thermal history under different energy densities produced an optimized result with an energy density of 44.5 J·mm⁻³. The high cooling rate during the SLM process significantly refined the previous α-Al dendrites. The growth direction of the network-like Al-Si eutectic structure at different orientations confirmed the anisotropic nature of the microstructure. Furthermore, the microhardness, tensile testing and fracture analysis results proved that there were no obvious distinctions in the strength between the transverse and longitudinal directions, and that the ductility was anisotropic, possibly due to the shape and distribution of the pores. The pores measured by X-ray CT at different energy densities confirmed that the sphericity of the pores was inversely related to pores volumes. With optimized processing conditions, the porosity of the selective laser melted sample decreased leading to the improved fabricated fuel system component via SLM.     

不同冶炼工艺对1Cr18Ni10Ti钢夹杂物的影响

通过试验研究了1Cr18Ni10Ti不锈钢的4种冶炼工艺:真空感应+电渣重熔、真空感应(陶瓷过滤器)、真空感应(陶瓷过滤器)+电渣重熔、真空感应+真空自耗,得到钢锭中夹杂物的种类、大小以及数量的变化.对比试验结果可知,采用真空感应(陶瓷过滤器)冶炼工艺与真空感应+真空自耗之后的钢锭的夹杂物水平相当,D类夹杂物数量最少,大颗粒夹杂物占比也最小.     

10cm氙离子推力器变推力特性研究

非重力阻尼的连续、快速、高精度补偿是实现重力梯度测量卫星精细重力场测量的关键技术之一,直接影响到整星工程任务的成败。针对重力梯度测量卫星在轨飞行期间对电推进系统宽范围连续变推力能力的应用需求,分析了10cm氙离子推力器推力调节响应特性。在此基础上,通过对阳极电流、励磁电流和阳极流率等推力高敏感响应参量的组合调节,开展了推力调节试验研究,验证了10cm氙离子推力器宽范围连续变推力调节能力,获得了1～20mN范围内的推力调节性能及其变化规律。试验结果表明：在采用地面供电、供气设备条件下,10cm氙离子推力器能够在100～597W的功率范围内实现0.98～20.29mN的推力宽范围调节,比冲175～3500s,推力分辨率优于50μN。研究为建立10cm氙离子电推进系统的推力控制数学模型及调节控制算法奠定基础。     

高温合金K38G微晶涂层氧化动力学研究

研究了溅射微晶涂层对K38G在800℃和900℃空气中氧化动力学的影响。发现微晶化后K38G的氧化动力学与经典的抛物线规律存在负偏差。分析认为,微晶化后氧化物形核率大大提高,氧化膜中的扩散由晶格扩散变为晶界短路扩散为主,从而改变了氧化膜的生长动力学。根据Wagner高温氧化的基本理论,对微晶合金高温氧化动力学规律进行了探讨,导出微晶K38G合金氧化动力学遵循四次方规律,即x4=kPt。     

对K8飞机外贸出口工作的几点思考

简要论述了K8飞机外贸出口所处的内、外部环境,在此基础上进行SWOT分析,并据此提出该飞机外贸出口工作中应采取的几项措施。     

关于计算机2000年问题的探讨

计算机２０００年问题已引起人们的普遍关注,必须在进入２０００年前予以妥善解决。对其可采用修改应用程序、更换系统软件、更换硬件设备等多种办法进行处理。在应用程序的修改中采用变形的日期移位法是对大多数办公系统容易实现且又行之有效的办法。