三维图元的设计及其在遥测数据可视化中的应用

设计了接口良好、通用性强、运行速度快、视觉效果良好的三维图形元。以设计某型无人直升机三维图元为例进行了详细测试和实际应用 ,收到了满意效果。     

基于均匀化方法的缝纫层压板拉伸弹性模量有限元预测

利用均匀化方法研究缝纫复合材料层压板的弹性性能，给出了相应的数学分析模型。建立了有限元分析的单胞模型，并进行求解。计算结果表明，利用这种半解析模型可以得到缝纫层压板的弹性模量的上下限，其平均值与实验结果平均值吻合得很好。     

Avoid online radiation risk: Theoretical simulation of chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy ions

In this study, we report an easy and quick method on simulating chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy charged particles. The theoretical value of chromosome break was calculated, and validated comparison with experimental value by using premature chromosome condensation technique. A good consistency was found between theoretical and experimental value. This suggested that higher relative biological effectiveness of heavy ions was closely correlated with its physical characteristics. Also, a safe approach on predicting chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy ions at off-line environment can be considered. Furthermore, three key factors influencing the theoretical simulation was investigated and discussed.     

无人机用燃料电池阴极供气系统建模与控制

燃料电池因其高效、无污染、噪声小等特点,被认为是未来最具有潜力的无人机（UAV）用动力源,燃料电池阴极供气系统的控制技术是决定燃料电池系统性能和可靠性的关键。针对无人机用质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）阴极供气系统,首先,考虑外界温度、压力、空气密度以及雷诺数等随高度变化的参数,建立了跨高度离心空压机模型并分析了其在不同高度下的工作特性,基于无刷直流电机反电势特征构建了高速空压机驱动电机模型。其次,通过计算燃料电池阴极氧气和氮气的动态分压获取了PEMFC电堆输出电压。设计了基于分数阶PI^λD^μ的过氧比和阴极气压控制方法,驱动电机采用有限集模型预测控制（MPC）实现快速的转矩响应,仿真结果表明设计的控制器可在无人机跨高度运行条件下实现过氧比的快速调节,同时维持阴极气压稳定,满足燃料电池阴极供气需求。     

面向产品开发活动的细胞交互模型研究

为实现产品开发活动交互的自主性和多样性,更好地支持产品开发过程管理与优化,在对细胞的交互机理、物质能量及信息的输入输出渠道研究的基础上,基于Petri网构建了面向产品开发的细胞交互元模型,给出了模型的定义及变迁规则.以汽车油泵单向阀测试装置开发过程为实例,验证了建模方法的有效性.     

基于模糊CFAR的SAR图像非均匀背景目标检测算法

CFAR是目前应用最为广泛且实时有效的SAR图像目标检测算法,在非均匀背景情况下,一般的CFAR检测都会存在大量虚警.引入模糊逻辑的概念,提出了一种非均匀背景的SAR图像模糊CFAR目标检测算法.基于Weibull分布,分别推导出模糊CA-CFAR和模糊OS-CFAR的隶属函数,并根据相应的模糊融合准则进行融合处理,得到模糊CFAR检测器的中心门限.仿真结果表明,模糊CFAR检测算法在非均匀背景的SAR图像目标检测中,具有较高的检测概率,且虚警少,具备一定的实用价值.     

Optimisation of X-ray proportional counters for Scanning Sky Monitor (SSM) on ASTROSAT

The Scanning Sky Monitor (SSM) on ASTROSAT is a position-sensitive gas-filled proportional counter with a wide field of view. The scientific objective of SSM is to scan the sky within few hours to detect and locate transient X-ray sources in the outburst phase. Once detected, this information will be provided for studies in all energy bands. The energy range of operation of SSM is 2–10 keV. The optimisation of the parameters of the proportional counter such as the cell size, the gas mixture and the gas pressure for the SSM are discussed here.     

太阳电池空间标定技术初探

随着各种新型空间太阳电池的发展和应用,在地面使用太阳模拟器对AMO标准太阳电池进行标定的方法在理论和实践上都遇到了严重的困难,最能反映其实际使用状态的空间标定成为解决问题的理想方案。国外太阳电池空间标定技术已十分成熟,主要航天国家如美国、欧洲、日本、巴西等都进行了各自的空间标定实验。北京东方计量测试研究所进行了太阳电池空间标定原理样机的研制工作。样机由太阳电池板、数据采集与处理模块、太阳敏感器和温度传感器组成,可同时对32路国产砷化镓多结太阳电池进行短路电流的测量,电流测试的标准不确定度小于0.5%(最佳点)。此项研究将形成标准太阳电池空间标定的完整方案,促进我国新型空间太阳电池的研究和应用。     

Characterizing parameters of Jatropha curcas cell cultures for microgravity studies

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) is a tropical perennial species identified as a potential biofuel crop. The oil is of excellent quality and it has been successfully tested as biodiesel and in jet fuel mixes. However, studies on breeding and genetic improvement of jatropha are limited. Space offers a unique environment for experiments aiming at the assessment of mutations and differential gene expression of crops and in vitro cultures of plants are convenient for studies of genetic variation as affected by microgravity. However, before microgravity studies can be successfully performed, pre-flight experiments are necessary to characterize plant material and validate flight hardware environmental conditions. Such preliminary studies set the ground for subsequent spaceflight experiments. The objectives of this study were to compare the in vitro growth of cultures from three explant sources (cotyledon, leaf, and stem sections) of three jatropha accessions (Brazil, India, and Tanzania) outside and inside the petriGAP, a modified group activation pack (GAP) flight hardware to fit petri dishes. In vitro jatropha cell cultures were established in petri dishes containing a modified MS medium and maintained in a plant growth chamber at 25 ± 2 °C in the dark. Parameters evaluated were surface area of the explant tissue (A), fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW) for a period of 12 weeks. Growth was observed for cultures from all accessions at week 12, including subsequent plantlet regeneration. For all accessions differences in A, FW and DW were observed for inside vs. outside the PetriGAPs. Growth parameters were affected by accession (genotype), explant type, and environment. The type of explant influenced the type of cell growth and subsequent plantlet regeneration capacity. However, overall cell growth showed no abnormalities. The present study demonstrated that jatropha in vitro cell cultures are suitable for growth inside PetriGAPs for a period of 12 weeks. The parameters evaluated in this study provide the basic ground work and pre-flight assessment needed to justify a model for microgravity studies with jatropha in vitro cell cultures. Future studies should focus on results of experiments performed with jatropha in vitro cultures in microgravity.     

Modelling the effects of microgravity on the permeability of air interface respiratory epithelial cell layers

Although it has been suggested that microgravity might affect drug absorption in vivo, drug permeability across epithelial barriers has not yet been investigated in vitro during modelled microgravity. Therefore, a cell culture/diffusion chamber was designed specifically to accommodate epithelial cell layers in a 3D-clinostat and allow epithelial permeability to be measured under microgravity conditions in vitro with minimum alteration to established cell culture techniques. Human respiratory epithelial Calu-3 cell layers were used to model the airway epithelium. Cells grown at an air interface in the diffusion chamber from day 1 or day 5 after seeding on 24-well polyester Transwell cell culture inserts developed a similar transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) to cells cultured in conventional cell culture plates. Confluent Calu-3 layers exposed to modelled microgravity in the 3D-clinostat for up to 48 h maintained their high TER. The permeability of the paracellular marker ¹⁴C-mannitol was unaffected after a 24 h rotation of the cell layers in the 3D-clinostat, but was increased 2-fold after 48 h of modelled microgravity. It was demonstrated that the culture/diffusion chamber developed is suitable for culturing epithelial cell layers and, when subjected to rotation in the 3D-clinostat, will be a valuable in vitro system in which to study the influence of microgravity on epithelial permeability and drug transport.