Study on the breakup lengths of free round liquid jets

IntroductionBreakup and atomization of roundliquidjetshad been widely used in internal combustion en-gines,gas turbines,and liquid rocket engines.Recently,with the development of scramjet en-gines and the deepening of fuel atomization re-search,it attract…     

粘性气体中粘性液体射流分裂与雾化机理研究

采用线性稳定性分析的方法对粘性气体中的粘性液体射流的分裂与雾化机理进行了分析,数值计算表明:液体射流分裂与雾化过程中存在一临界气体韦伯数We2c=1,We2＜We2c对应的是射流分裂过程,We2＞We2c对应的是射流雾化过程,射流分裂过程和雾化过程的机理有所不同.当We2＜1时,We2对射流分裂过程具有稳定性的作用;当We2＞1时,We2对射流雾化过程起着不稳定性的作用.液体Reynolds数Re1在整个射流过程中始终起着不稳定性的作用,气体Reynolds数Re2的作用却相反.气液密度比Q,即气动力在整个射流分裂与雾化过程中始终起着不稳定性的作用.     

Electric potential structures of auroral acceleration region border from multi-spacecraft Cluster data

This paper studies an auroral event using data from three spacecraft of the Cluster mission, one inside and two at the poleward edge of the bottom of the Auroral Acceleration Region (AAR). The study reveals the three-dimensional profile of the region’s poleward boundary, showing spatial segmentation of the electric potential structures and their decay in time. It also depicts localized magnetic field variations and field-aligned currents that appear to have remained stable for at least 80?s. Such observations became possible due to the fortuitous motion of the three spacecraft nearly parallel to each other and tangential to the AAR edge, so that the differences and variations can be seen when the spacecraft enter and exit the segmentations, hence revealing their position with respect to the AAR.     

Application of small-size antennas for estimation of angles of arrival of HF signals scattered by ionospheric irregularities

A modification of the Doppler Interferometry Technique is suggested to enable estimating angles of arrival of comparatively broadband HF signals scattered by random irregularities of the ionospheric plasma with the use of small-size weakly directional antennas. The technique is based on the measurements of cross-spectra phases of the probe radiation recorded at least in three spatially separated points. The developed algorithm has been used to investigate the angular and frequency-time characteristics of HF signals propagating at frequencies above the maximum usable one (MUF) for the direct radio path Moscow-Kharkiv. The received signal spectra show presence of three families of spatial components attributed, respectively, to scattering by plasma irregularities near the middle point of the radio path, ground backscatter signals and scattering of the sounding signals by the intense plasma turbulence associated with auroral activations. It has been shown that the regions responsible for the formation of the third family components are located well inside the auroral oval. The drift velocity and direction of the auroral ionosphere plasma have been determined. The obtained estimates are consistent with the classical conception of the ionospheric plasma convection at high latitudes and do not contradict the results of investigations of the auroral ionosphere dynamics using the SuperDARN network.     

针栓式喷注器锥形液膜破碎特性试验

采用高速摄影获得了针栓式喷注器在不同喷注压降和结构参数下的表面波破碎图像,测量了锥形液膜的破碎长度和破碎时间,研究了变工况时液膜破碎长度和破碎时间的变化规律.试验结果表明:在喷注压降不变的条件下,针栓式喷注器能够实现流量的线性调节.针栓式喷注器设计时,在合理的推进剂动量比范围内,狭缝宽度应尽量取小.液膜在低工况时破碎得更快.液膜破碎长度和破碎时间均随喷注压降的增加而减小.      

平板式预膜喷嘴初次雾化特性试验

为深入了解平板式预膜喷嘴初次雾化特性,试验研究不同进口条件对平板式预膜喷嘴初次雾化特性的影响规律。试验采用了背光照明和片状激光照明相结合的高频拍摄手段分别获得液膜俯视和侧视破碎形态,同时运用本征正交分解(POD)法和液膜边缘定位等分析方法进行光学图像结果后处理,获得表征平板式预膜喷嘴初次雾化特性三个物理量:液膜波动频率、破碎距离和横向不稳定波长。试验结果表明:①通过分析侧视和俯视破碎形态,平板式预膜喷嘴液膜破碎形态可分为三类:末端破碎、波浪脱落和表面剥离,进口韦伯数对预膜喷嘴破碎形态的影响占主导地位;②把POD法和液膜边缘定位方法等相结合方法应用到高频非接触光学喷嘴雾化图像的后处理分析中,是一种非常有效的数据后处理方法;③液膜初次雾化特性主要受到进口韦伯数和气液动量比的影响,破碎距离和横向不稳定波长都随进口韦伯数的增加而降低,液膜表面不稳定波动频率随进口韦伯数的增加而增加,所获得的经验关系式与试验数据吻合较好。所获得的进口参数对液膜破碎形态和雾化特性的影响规律为喷嘴后续优化设计提供了依据。     

流向强迫作用下的液体初始雾化机制及动力学特征

使用Volume of fluid (VOF)方法和基于树形数据结构的自适应算法来研究射流雾化的破碎过程以及扰动对射流破碎机理产生的影响。在无扰动情况下,液体射流的头部、液丝和液滴随着射流时间的发展不断发生演变。射流头部先呈现蘑菇状外形,随后液丝生成,并慢慢转变成网兜状,直至断裂形成小液滴。在周期性流向强迫的作用下,射流液柱的表面会形成周期波,其液丝破裂形成液滴的时机与稳定射流情形相比会有所提前,射流形成的头部更趋于扁平,最终生成的液滴数量更多。低中频阶段,随着扰动频率的增大,射流未扰动液柱长度(L)逐渐缩短,液滴直径的概率密度分布(PDF)趋于尖锐,液滴平均直径(SMD)增大。在高频阶段,随着扰动频率的增大,L会随之增大,液滴直径的PDF分布变得平缓,SMD会减小。     

Geomagnetic activity driven by solar wind turbulence

Within the framework of the solar wind—magnetosphere coupled system, intense perturbations in the solar wind, causing geomagnetic storms and substorms, have been widely studied by means of the so-called coupling parameters. However, remarkable variations in the geomagnetic field occur even in absence of such perturbations. In those conditions, solar wind MHD turbulence might have a role. Recent results have shown that solar wind turbulence can be described not only as a mixture of inward and outward stochastic Alfvénic fluctuations, but includes also advected structures, dominated by an excess of magnetic energy.     

暴时极光区热层大气焦耳加热与F区电离耗空的EISCAT雷达观测

利用ＥＩＳＣＡＴ雷达探测数据，分析计算了太阳活动高年夏季发生的一次强磁暴期间，极光区电离层对流电场、电导率以及焦耳加热速率等着重考察了Ｅ区热怪大气焦耳加热和Ｆ区离子摩擦增温与Ｆ区电子密度耗空的关系发现在下午东向极光电集流期间，电子密度最大耗空出现在Ｆ区３００－３２５ｋｍ高度，时间恰在积分的Ｅ区大气焦耳加热量大值和Ｆ区最大离子增温之后５－１０ｍｉｎ，耗空率达７０％。