用薄板等积变换方法制造起伏构造的工艺问题研究(英文)

研究了用于夹层壁板的新型轻质芯材的制造问题。该种芯材是一种可改变平面方向的褶皱构造。采用薄板等积变换通过局部弯曲而不拉伸材料的方法制造该种芯材已成为可能。其主要难点在于 ,必须实现沿复杂的展开图上所有的画线同时弯曲。现借助于成形过程中使原来的构形组件变形解决其造型问题。本文提出的工艺方法可用于不同材料的深度起伏构造制造 ,如金属薄板和纸等。     

评价复合固体推进剂中填料/粘合剂相互作用的新方法

为了便于评价复合固体推进剂中填料／粘事剂的相互作用，从填料充填弹性体应力应变公式出发，提出了一种简单而直观地评价填料／粘合剂相互作用的新方法。其在几种不同填料体系的应用表明，该方法不仅可以评价填料／粘合剂的相互作用，还可表征键合剂的作用效果，这一方法具有较大的使用价值。     

NiCoP合金包覆空心微珠粉体的制备

采用粉体化学镀技术，以AgNO3取代常见的贵金属盐PdCl2作为活化剂，H2PO2^-取代Sn^2 作为还原剂，在空心微珠表面包覆NiCoP合金。利用扫描电镜、能谱分析仪分析包覆层的形貌和成分。结果表明NiCoP合金均匀包覆在空心微珠表面。并提出了这种改进工艺的一种可能的机理。     

用一种新型焊丝焊接TC18钛合金的接头性能与组织研究

对采用研制的焊丝和采用TC18同质焊材钨极氩弧焊焊接TC18钛合金的接头力学性能及微观组织进行了对比研究,结果表明:采用同质焊材焊接TC18钛合金只能保证接头的强度指标,而采用研制的新型焊丝焊接TC18钛合金,可以保证接头具有优良的综合力学性能.     

聚苯乙烯粉末选择性激光烧结成型机理的研究

分析了聚苯乙烯粉末材料选择性激光烧结成型机理,并通过填充改性方法提高其成型性能.结果表明,添加无机填料可提高聚苯乙烯粉末材料烧结性能,而且,多种填料同时添加,效果更明显.     

Single track and single layer formation in selective laser melting of niobium solid solution alloy

Selective laser melting (SLM) was employed to fabricate Nb-37Ti-13Cr-2Al-1Si (at%) alloy, using pre-alloyed powders prepared by plasma rotating electrode processing (PREP). A series of single tracks and single layers under different processing parameters was manufactured to evaluate the processing feasibility by SLM, including laser power, scanning speed, and hatch distance. Results showed that continuous single tracks could be fabricated using proper laser powers and scanning velocities. Both the width of a single track and its penetration depth into a substrate increased with an increase of the linear laser beam energy density (LED), i.e., an increase of the laser power and a decrease of the scanning speed. Nb, Ti, Si, Cr, and Al elements distributed heterogeneously over the melt pool in the form of swirl-like patterns. An excess of the hatch distance was not able to interconnect neighboring tracks. Under improper processing parameters, a balling phenomenon occurred, but could be eliminated with an increased LED. This work testified the SLM-processing feasibility of Nb-based alloy and promoted the application of SLM to the manufacture of niobium-based alloys.     

An artificial neural network approach for aerodynamic performance retention in airframe noise reduction design of a 3D swept wing model

With the progress of high-bypass turbofan and the innovation of silencing nacelle in engine noise reduction, airframe noise has now become another important sound source besides the engine noise. Thus, reducing airframe noise makes a great contribution to the overall noise reduction of a civil aircraft. However, reducing airframe noise often leads to aerodynamic perfor-mance loss in the meantime. In this case, an approach based on artificial neural network is intro-duced. An established database serves as a basis and the training sample of a back propagation (BP) artificial neural network, which uses confidence coefficient reasoning method for optimization later on. Then the most satisfactory configuration is selected for validating computations through the trained BP network. On the basis of the artificial neural network approach, an optimization pro-cess of slat cove filler (SCF) for high lift devices (HLD) on the Trap Wing is presented. Aerody-namic performance of both the baseline and optimized configurations is investigated through unsteady detached eddy simulations (DES), and a hybrid method, which combines unsteady DES method with acoustic analogy theory, is employed to validate the noise reduction effect. The numerical results indicate not merely a significant airframe noise reduction effect but also excel-lent aerodynamic performance retention simultaneously.     

送粉方式对等离子喷涂NiCrAlY/ Al2 O3涂层介电性能的影响

以内送粉和外送粉两种方式微弧等离子喷涂工艺制备了NiCrAlY/Al_2O_3复合涂层,分析了送粉方式对涂层相组成、微观结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明:与外送粉相比,内送粉方式沉积的涂层具有较高的沉积效率和较低的孔隙率。由于喷涂过程中α-Al_2O_3颗粒完全熔融,内送粉喷涂所得到涂层主要为γ/γ′和γ-Al_2O_3相,并且涂层结构致密,NiCrAlY颗粒分布均匀。介电性能测试表明,以外送粉方式制备的涂层复介电常数实部和虚部几乎不随频率发生变化。而以内送粉方式喷涂的涂层复介电常数实部和虚部随频率的增加而降低,呈现明显的频散现象。     

Zn-Al-Si钎料钎焊铜/铝接头显微组织及性能研究

采用Zn-14.1Al-0.9Si和Zn-21.5Al-1.5Si两种钎料钎焊获得铜/铝接头,研究了Cu/Zn-Al-Si/Al接头Cu母材/钎缝界面结构、钎缝中心区显微组织、接头抗剪切性能和断口形貌.研究发现,Cu/Zn-14.1Al-0.9Si/Al接头和Cu/Zn-21.5Al-1.5Si/Al接头界面结构均为Cu/扩散层/Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7,其中Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7化合物层厚度分别为1～2 μm和3～4μm.2种铜/铝接头钎缝中心区均由α-Al固溶体,η-Zn固溶体,Zn-Al共晶和Si单质组成,未发现脆性CuAl2化合物.由于具有较薄的界面化合物层,在剪切力作用下,Cu/Zn-14.1Al-0.9Si/Al接头断裂一部分起源于Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7化合物层,另部分起源于界面扩散层,而Cu/Zn-21.5Al-1.5Si/Al接头断裂均起源于较厚的Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7化合物层.因此,Cu/Zn-14.1Al-0.9Si/Al接头的抗剪切强度高于Cu/Zn-21.5Al-1.5Si/Al接头,分别为60.1MPa和55.6MPa.     

侧链基团和填料对硅橡胶材料耐烧蚀性能的影响

为了研究侧链基团和填料对硅橡胶材料耐烧蚀性能的影响,选用具有苯环和多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)这2种侧链基团的硅橡胶基体,以及Mg(OH)2、蒙脱石、Fe2O3和短切碳纤维(1 mm)这4种填料,利用马弗炉等温烧蚀和动态热失重TG法研究不同侧链基团和填料样品的耐烧蚀机制。结果表明:苯环和POSS基团的引入使得基体初始分解温度分别提高了79 ºC和9 ºC,质量损失率分别降低了19.4%和12.0%。以Mg(OH)2 25 g(每100 g硅橡胶)、蒙脱石4 g和Fe2O3 6 g作为硅橡胶复合材料进行填料时,其质量烧蚀率为0.008 g/s,相比纯橡胶基体降低了86.8%。在以上配方中继续引入5 g碳纤维,使其质量烧蚀率降低至0.004 g/s。残炭层的微观形貌显示,短切碳纤维形成的三维骨架结构是提高硅橡胶材料耐烧蚀性能的关键。