水气动量交换的实验研究

在风浪槽中进行水气动量交换实验，测量了不同风速和风区下的波浪及空气湍流流场。测量数据表明水面上风速分布符合对数律，水气界面附近在小范围的动量交换常通量层。阻力系数ＣＤ随风速增加线性增长，随波龄增加而减小。这一趋向与理论分析及外海帝测结果一致。对风浪发展过程中波浪和空气湍流谱结构的分析证明了水气运动的耦合关系。     

PARAMETER ANALYSIS ON CIRCULATION CONTROLLED CIRCULAR CYLINDER FOR NOTARTM TAIL BOOM

Lift on circulation control （CC） circular cylinder is calculated via numerical simulations based on 2D real- izable k-e epsilon viscous model and compared with experimental data. The simulation result shows an acceptable agreement with tested data. With the proved grid and simulation method, series of simulations are conducted to study the effect of parameters on lift. Single slotted tail booms under different clown wash velocities are optimized with the principle of generating maximum total moment around the main rotor shaft with same total power con- sumption. The results show that larger jet flow velocity, or smaller blow angle, or larger diameter of the cross section can help generating larger lift while enhancing the attachment of both the jet flow and down wash flow. Multiple slotted tail boom is better because it increases lift with same total slot width, and can increase lift by in- creasing total slot width without causing separation, also it helps generating high steady lift at a big rank of slot at- tack angles. To mount a guide vane （GV） at the exit of the slot, or shape the upper slot wall like a smooth-GV, or design the slot with an edge fillet is not recommended because it reduces the velocity of both the jet flow and the upstream of the attached downwash flow. Compared with other shapes of the slots, arcs-profiled slot performs better because of larger jet flow velocity and smaller blow angle. In order to generate the largest moment with same total power consumed by the entire NOTARTM system, total width of the slots and slot attack angle should be optimized according to velocity of down wash flow.     

直升机环量控制尾梁截面形状分析

基于二维可实现k-Epsilon湍流模型模拟计算了直升机环量控制尾梁上的升力,并与试验结果进行了对比,计算结果与试验结果之间显示出了可接受的吻合度。利用已验证的数值计算方法和网格划分方法,分别计算了三组不同截面形状的环量控制尾梁在不同几何参数(喷射角、缝位角、基准直径和狭缝数量)或试验条件(喷射气流速度、下洗流速度)下的升力。结果显示,通过优化尾梁截面形状和狭缝相对位置,引导气流在截面曲率较大的位置处脱离壁面,可以提高尾梁升力并增强附壁气流的稳定性。模拟计算结果还揭示了提高下洗流速度和降低狭缝喷射角可以提高优化尾梁截面和狭缝相对位置的效果。