SiO32-浓度对KMnO4/FeSO4工艺除磷过程的影响

考察了天然水体中常见的SiO_3~(2-)对KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷的影响。SiO_3~(2-)存在时KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷的效能随着溶液pH的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势。SiO_3~(2-)浓度为1.0 mmol/L,溶液pH值为4～6时,SiO_3~(2-)可促进KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺除磷的效能,KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺对磷的去除效果分别增加了6.0%,9.9%和6.3%;溶液pH值为7～9时,SiO_3~(2-)可显著抑制KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺除磷的效能,KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺对磷的去除效果分别降低了14.76%,32.6%和17.3%。KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺形成的絮体颗粒物表面ζ电位显著降低,溶液中残余铁的量明显提高。另外,水中SiO_3~(2-)对KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺形成的絮体颗粒物的组成和表面特征均有一定影响。该研究为KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷技术的推广提供了必要的理论基础。     

Formation and Role of H2O2 During Ozonation of Nitrobenzene

To better understand the formation of H2O2 in the ozonation of nitrobenzene and its role for the oxidation,a batch reactor of nitrobenzene ozonation was set up.The variables such as pH value,ozone dosage,and the presence of hydroxyl radical scavenger were investigated.The results showed that high accumulations of H2O2 were generally formed at low pH values and low ozone dosages.Moreover,H2O2 mainly formed after nitrobenzene was oxidized by hydroxyl radical during ozonation of the intermediates,such as p-nitrophenol,which reacted with ozone quickly in water.A small amount of additional H2O2 enhanced the nitrobenzene removal slightly.The kinetic study showed that nitrobenzene degradation fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics well in the experiment.The kinetic constant values correlated linearly with the concentrations of H2O2 added.Thus,it is expected that the H2O2 formed in oxidation of nitrobenzene may initiate ozone decomposition to form hydroxyl radical and finally enhance the degradation of aromatic compounds to a certain extent.     

射流微泡曝气器溶氧性能测试与工程应用

射流微泡曝气器是一种基于新型微泡生成机理的曝气设备,具有广泛的工程应用价值。射流微泡曝气器溶氧性能测试分析的结果表明:当新设计的射流微泡曝气器进气量从0.2m3/h增至2.0m3/h时,其氧总转移系数从0.052L/min增加到0.338L/min,理论动力效率从0.659kg/kW·h增加到4.284kg/kW·h。与其他类型曝气器相比,该型射流微泡曝气器的氧总转移系数和理论动力效率均有显著提高。此外,射流微泡曝气器应用于实际工程中,废水出水水质中化学需氧量的平均去除率可达到76.6%。     

典型氧化剂与硫酸亚铁联用去除水中磷的效能分析

采用不同氧化剂(H2O2,NaClO,KMnO4,O3和O2),建立相应氧化剂与FeSO4联用工艺,对比了不同氧化剂与FeSO4联用工艺去除水中磷的效能。结果表明,H2O2-FeSO4,NaClO-FeSO4,KMnO4-FeSO4,O3-FeSO4和O2-FeSO4对磷均有一定的去除作用,但去除效果不同。氧化剂-FeSO4工艺对磷的去除效果均随溶液pH值的升高而降低,随铁盐投量的增加而增加。各工艺对磷的吸附去除率明显低于混凝沉淀对磷的去除率,其对磷的去除为络合沉淀和吸附作用的共同结果。研究证明:氧化剂-FeSO4工艺除磷具有可行性,且KMnO4-FeSO4工艺具有广阔的应用前景。     

碱性镀锡槽制取冰花工艺初探

冰花作为一种防护、装饰性镀层，在日常生活中得到广泛应用。冰花原是在碱性和酸性镀槽中通过两次处理得到的。本文对已有碱性镀锡槽进行了研究，摸索出从单一碱性镀槽获得立体感强、纹路明显的冰花制取工艺。     

钛合金黑色阳极化工艺

就钛合金黑色阳极化工艺最佳参数的选择及其对氧化膜的影响进行了试验分析。