气室无磁加热结构研究进展与展望

碱金属气室是原子陀螺、原子磁强计和原子钟等原子测量仪器的核心部件.原子密度主要受加热温度的影响,高均匀性、高稳定性的气室加热结构是保证碱金属原子密度稳定的关键技术,对提升原子测量仪器输出信号的灵敏度至关重要.回顾了目前常用的碱金属气室加热方法,针对加热层、传热层、保温层等组件,梳理和总结了碱金属气室加热结构的发展方向和发展历程,并在此基础上展望了未来碱金属气室加热结构的发展趋势.     

内装式空射运载火箭重力出舱机箭耦合动力学分析

研究了以运输机为平台的内装式运载火箭空射过程载机和火箭的耦合动力学建模。建模针对两个阶段：第一阶段，火箭固定于载机机舱内，两者构成一个整体，按照普通刚体的力学方法处理；第二阶段，火箭解锁后，沿着舱内的发射筒向外滑行，载机和火箭形成两刚体相互作用的耦合系统，基于牛顿-欧拉法建立系统动力学模型。载机在空射火箭过程中，油门和升降舵满偏，在加速前飞的同时拉大姿态俯仰角，火箭在自身重力分量和惯性力的作用下，沿着机舱内的发射筒加速向外滑行，直至与载机分离。数值仿真分析了空射过程载机的重要力学参数的变化过程，验证了载机操控策略的可行性和安全性，可为未来中国空射运载火箭技术设计提供数据参考。     

Orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamics of tethered solar power satellite

A new orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamic model of the tethered solar power satellite (Tethered SPS) is established based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The Hamilton’s equation of the system is derived by introducing generalized momentum through Legendre transformation. The correctness of the proposed model is verified by an example. The dynamic characteristics of the Tethered SPS are studied using the symplectic Runge-Kutta method. Simulation results show that the orbital radius and the total energy of the system are well preserved. The attitude of the system is unstable when the mass of the bus system is small. However, the attitude stability is dependent on some other parameters of the system, which requires further studies. It is also found that the average tether force/deformation can be roughly estimated by simplifying the solar panel as a particle. The proposed model can be used to study the orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamics and control problems.     

Effect of matching between the magnetic field and channel length on the performance of low sputtering Hall thrusters

Discharge characteristics of a non-wall-loss Hall thruster were studied under different channel lengths using a design based on pushing a magnetic field through a double permanent magnet ring. The effect of different magnetic field intensities and channel lengths on ionization, efficiency, and plume divergence angle were studied. The experimental results show that propellant utilization is improved for optimal matching between the magnetic field and channel length. While matching the magnetic field and channel length, the ionization position of the neutral gas changes. The ion flow is effectively controlled, allowing the thrust force, specific impulse, and efficiency to be improved. Our study shows that the channel length is an important design parameter to consider for improving the performance of non-wall-loss Hall thrusters.     

拦截高速目标的比例与反比例导引捕获区分析

针对拦截高速目标的作战特点，分析了比例导引(PN)与反比例导引(RPN)的捕获区。首先，通过分析拦截弹与目标的相对运动关系，推导得到了顺轨和逆轨的零控拦截条件，此条件由目标和拦截弹的速度前置角以及二者速度比确定；其次，以拦截弹和目标速度前置角为坐标系，推导得到了PN以及RPN捕获区以及各自导航比设置范围。PN的捕获区由逆轨零控拦截条件以及与其相切且斜率为1/(N-1)的两条直线构成，RPN的捕获区由顺轨零控拦截条件以及与其相切且斜率为1/(-N-1)的两条直线构成；然后，利用函数对称性将PN与RPN捕获区转换到同一坐标区间，得到了相同条件下RPN捕获区要大于PN捕获区的结论；最后，开展了四种情形下的仿真，验证了本文捕获区分析的合理性及有效性。     

An improved numerical method for constructing Halo/Lissajous orbits in a full solar system model

An improved numerical method that can construct Halo/Lissajous orbits in the vicinity of collinear libration points in a full solar system model is investigated. A full solar system gravitational model in the geocentric rotating coordinate system with a clear presentation of the angular velocity relative to the inertial coordinate system is proposed. An alternative way to determine patch points in the multiple shooting method is provided based on a dynamical analysis with Poincare′sections. By employing the new patch points and sequential quadratic programming, Halo orbits for L_1, L_2, and L_3 points as well as Lissajous orbits for L_1 and L_2 points in the EarthMoon system are generated with the proposed full solar system gravitational model to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于遗传算法的插值Coons曲面孔位修正方法

在机器人自动制孔过程中，制孔点位信息通常从待制孔工件工艺数模上获取，而待制孔工件安装过程中会出现位置偏移和变形，由工艺数模得到的点位信息无法直接满足孔位精度要求。为了保证自动制孔的孔位精度，提出了一种基于遗传算法的插值Coons曲面孔位修正方法。利用制孔区域边角基准孔建立双线性Coons误差曲面模型，通过模型计算出待制孔的误差补偿向量，并补偿至理论制孔位置。针对误差曲面切矢模长无法确定的情况，利用制孔区域内的基准孔构建遗传算法模型，计算出切矢模长最优值，使拟合的误差曲面更符合实际制孔区域曲面。通过试验对算法的有效性和精度进行验证，结果表明:采用基于遗传算法的插值Coons曲面孔位修正方法，可以使孔位误差得到有效的补偿。补偿后的平均孔位误差仅为0.195 6 mm，与传统的插值曲面方法相比，孔位误差降低了5%~10%。      

基于听觉感知的驾驶舱信息提示设计研究

为研究飞机驾驶舱中不同的听觉信息提示方式对感知效率、关注程度影响差异,基于飞行仿真场景构建飞行任务,在任务执行中提供听觉刺激提示,采集被试任务全过程中的脑电信号并进行了时域和频域维度的分析,对比语言听觉/非语言听觉以及不同播报速度的工效影响,总结了被试对驾驶舱听觉信息提示的反应特征,为听觉信息提示的人机交互设计提供参考建议.     

基于北斗三号的长基线共视时间比对

卫星导航共视时间比对一直是远距离时间比对的重要方法之一。使用我国最新发射的北斗三号全球导航卫星，基于中科院国家授时中心（NTSC）和捷克光电研究院（TP）各自的时间产生和保持系统，开展了中捷北斗三号长基线共视时间比对试验。本文对中捷两站各自的北斗卫星可视数及其卫星高度角情况进行了统计分析，利用Vondark滤波对时间比对结果进行了降噪处理，最后将北斗三号共视时间比对结果与北斗二号及GPS共视时间比对结果进行了比较。结果表明：北斗三号在当前全球组网阶段中捷共视可视卫星数比北斗二号还少的情况下，其共视时间比对精度达到1.16ns，较北斗二号提升约19%，与GPS更为接近。     

流动阻力及能量损失对注射成型制件的影响

本文分析了在塑料熔体充满型腔的过程中，流动阻力及能量损失产生的形式和物理原因，进而讨论了对塑料制件成型及凝固过程中的影响。并提出降低影响的措施。