排序方式: 共有8条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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Malakhov A. V. Mitrofanov I. G. Litvak M. L. Sanin A. B. Golovin D. V. Djachkova M. V. Nikiforov S. Yu. Anikin A. A. Lisov D. I. Lukyanov N. V. Mokrousov M. I. Shvetsov V. N. Timoshenko G. N. 《Cosmic Research》2022,60(1):23-37
Cosmic Research - The article presents results of ground calibrations of the FREND neutron telescope installed onboard the TGO spacecraft of the Russian-European ExoMars project. The main goal of... 相似文献
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Litvak ML Mitrofanov IG Barmakov YN Behar A Bitulev A Bobrovnitsky Y Bogolubov EP Boynton WV Bragin SI Churin S Grebennikov AS Konovalov A Kozyrev AS Kurdumov IG Krylov A Kuznetsov YP Malakhov AV Mokrousov MI Ryzhkov VI Sanin AB Shvetsov VN Smirnov GA Sholeninov S Timoshenko GN Tomilina TM Tuvakin DV Tretyakov VI Troshin VS Uvarov VN Varenikov A Vostrukhin A 《Astrobiology》2008,8(3):605-612
We present a summary of the physical principles and design of the Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument onboard NASA's 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. The DAN instrument will use the method of neutron-neutron activation analysis in a space application to study the abundance and depth distribution of water in the martian subsurface along the path of the MSL rover. 相似文献
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I. G. Mitrofanov A. Bartels Y. I. Bobrovnitsky W. Boynton G. Chin H. Enos L. Evans S. Floyd J. Garvin D. V. Golovin A. S. Grebennikov K. Harshman L. L. Kazakov J. Keller A. A. Konovalov A. S. Kozyrev A. R. Krylov M. L. Litvak A. V. Malakhov T. McClanahan G. M. Milikh M. I. Mokrousov S. Ponomareva R. Z. Sagdeev A. B. Sanin V. V. Shevchenko V. N. Shvetsov R. Starr G. N. Timoshenko T. M. Tomilina V. I. Tretyakov J. Trombka V. S. Troshin V. N. Uvarov A. B. Varennikov A. A. Vostrukhin 《Space Science Reviews》2010,150(1-4):183-207
The design of the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) experiment is presented, which was optimized to address several of the primary measurement requirements of NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO): high spatial resolution hydrogen mapping of the Moon’s upper-most surface, identification of putative deposits of appreciable near-surface water ice in the Moon’s polar cold traps, and characterization of the human-relevant space radiation environment in lunar orbit. A comprehensive program of LEND instrument physical calibrations is discussed and the baseline scenario of LEND observations from the primary LRO lunar orbit is presented. LEND data products will be useful for determining the next stages of the emerging global lunar exploration program, and they will facilitate the study of the physics of hydrogen implantation and diffusion in the regolith, test the presence of water ice deposits in lunar cold polar traps, and investigate the role of neutrons within the radiation environment of the shallow lunar surface. 相似文献
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I. G. Mitrofanov M. L. Litvak A. B. Varenikov Y. N. Barmakov A. Behar Y. I. Bobrovnitsky E. P. Bogolubov W. V. Boynton K. Harshman E. Kan A. S. Kozyrev R. O. Kuzmin A. V. Malakhov M. I. Mokrousov S. N. Ponomareva V. I. Ryzhkov A. B. Sanin G. A. Smirnov V. N. Shvetsov G. N. Timoshenko T. M. Tomilina V. I. Tret’yakov A. A. Vostrukhin 《Space Science Reviews》2012,170(1-4):559-582
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V. I. Tret’yakov I. G. Mitrofanov Yu. I. Bobronitskii A. V. Vostrukhin N. A. Gunko A. S. Kozyrev A. V. Krylov M. L. Litvak M. Lopez-Alegria V. I. Lyagushin A. A. Konovalov M. P. Korotkov P. V. Mazurov M. I. Mokrousov A. V. Malakhov I. O. Nuzhdin S. N. Ponomareva M. A. Pronin A. B. Sanin G. N. Timoshenko T. M. Tomilina M. V. Tyurin A. I. Tsygan V. N. Shvetsov 《Cosmic Research》2010,48(4):285-299
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Valeriy I. Timoshenko Igor S. Belotserkovets Vjacheslav P. Gusinin 《Acta Astronautica》2009,65(9-10):1231-1237
Some problems of methane-containing hydrocarbon fuel combustion are discussed. It seems that reduction of methane burnout zone length is one from main problems of designing new type engine. It is very important at the creation of combustion chambers of a rocket-ramjet engine for prospective space shuttle launch vehicles. 相似文献
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Mitrofanov IG Sanin AB Golovin DV Litvak ML Konovalov AA Kozyrev AS Malakhov AV Mokrousov MI Tretyakov VI Troshin VS Uvarov VN Varenikov AB Vostrukhin AA Shevchenko VV Shvetsov VN Krylov AR Timoshenko GN Bobrovnitsky YI Tomilina TM Grebennikov AS Kazakov LL Sagdeev RZ Milikh GN Bartels A Chin G Floyd S Garvin J Keller J McClanahan T Trombka J Boynton W Harshman K Starr R Evans L 《Astrobiology》2008,8(4):793-804
The scientific objectives of neutron mapping of the Moon are presented as 3 investigation tasks of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission. Two tasks focus on mapping hydrogen content over the entire Moon and on testing the presence of water-ice deposits at the bottom of permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles. The third task corresponds to the determination of neutron contribution to the total radiation dose at an altitude of 50 km above the Moon. We show that the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) will be capable of carrying out all 3 investigations. The design concept of LEND is presented together with results of numerical simulations of the instrument's sensitivity for hydrogen detection. The sensitivity of LEND is shown to be characterized by a hydrogen detection limit of about 100 ppm for a polar reference area with a radius of 5 km. If the presence of ice deposits in polar "cold traps" is confirmed, a unique record of many millions of years of lunar history would be obtained, by which the history of lunar impacts could be discerned from the layers of water ice and dust. Future applications of a LEND-type instrument for Mars orbital observations are also discussed. 相似文献
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I. Mitrofanov A. Malakhov B. Bakhtin D. Golovin A. Kozyrev M. Litvak M. Mokrousov A. Sanin V. Tretyakov A. Vostrukhin A. Anikin L. M. Zelenyi J. Semkova S. Malchev B. Tomov Y. Matviichuk P. Dimitrov R. Koleva T. Dachev K. Krastev V. Shvetsov G. Timoshenko Y. Bobrovnitsky T. Tomilina V. Benghin V. Shurshakov 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(5):86
ExoMars is a two-launch mission undertaken by Roscosmos and European Space Agency. Trace Gas Orbiter, a satellite part of the 2016 launch carries the Fine Resolution Neutron Detector instrument as part of its payload. The instrument aims at mapping hydrogen content in the upper meter of Martian soil with spatial resolution between 60 and 200 km diameter spot. This resolution is achieved by a collimation module that limits the field of view of the instruments detectors. A dosimetry module that surveys the radiation environment in cruise to Mars and on orbit around it is another part of the instrument.This paper describes the mission and the instrument, its measurement principles and technical characteristics. We perform an initial assessment of our sensitivity and time required to achieve the mission goal. The Martian atmosphere is a parameter that needs to be considered in data analysis of a collimated neutron instrument. This factor is described in a section of this paper. Finally, the first data accumulated during cruise to Mars is presented. 相似文献
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