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Israel G. Cabane M. Brun J-F. Niemann H. Way S. Riedler W. Steller M. Raulin F. Coscia D. 《Space Science Reviews》2002,104(1-4):433-468
ACP's main objective is the chemical analysis of the aerosols in Titan's atmosphere. For this purpose, it will sample the
aerosols during descent and prepare the collected matter (by evaporation, pyrolysis and gas products transfer) for analysis
by the Huygens Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS). A sampling system is required for sampling the aerosols in the
135'32 km and 22'17 km altitude regions of Titan's atmosphere. A pump unit is used to force the gas flow through a filter.
In its sampling position, the filter front face extends a few mm beyond the inlet tube. The oven is a pyrolysis furnace where
a heating element can heat the filter and hence the sampled aerosols to 250 °C or 600 °C. The oven contains the filter, which
has a thimble-like shape (height 28 mm). For transferring effluent gas and pyrolysis products to GCMS, the carrier gas is
a labeled nitrogen 15N2, to avoid unwanted secondary reactions with Titan's atmospheric nitrogen.
Aeraulic tests under cold temperature conditions were conducted by using a cold gas test system developed by ONERA. The objective
of the test was to demonstrate the functional ability of the instrument during the descent of the probe and to understand
its thermal behavior, that is to test the performance of all its components, pump unit and mechanisms.
In order to validate ACP's scientific performance, pyrolysis tests were conducted at LISA on solid phase material synthesized
from experimental simulation. The chromatogram obtained by GCMS analysis shows many organic compounds. Some GC peaks appear
clearly from the total mass spectra, with specific ions well identified thanks to the very high sensitivity of the mass spectrometer.
The program selected for calibrating the flight model is directly linked to the GCMS calibration plan. In order not to pollute
the two flight models with products of solid samples such as tholins, we excluded any direct pyrolysis tests through the ACP
oven during the first phase of the calibration. Post probe descent simulation of flight results are planned, using the much
representative GCMS and ACP spare models.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The FIELDS Instrument Suite on MMS: Scientific Objectives,Measurements, and Data Products 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. B. Torbert C. T. Russell W. Magnes R. E. Ergun P.-A. Lindqvist O. LeContel H. Vaith J. Macri S. Myers D. Rau J. Needell B. King M. Granoff M. Chutter I. Dors G. Olsson Y. V. Khotyaintsev A. Eriksson C. A. Kletzing S. Bounds B. Anderson W. Baumjohann M. Steller K. Bromund Guan Le R. Nakamura R. J. Strangeway H. K. Leinweber S. Tucker J. Westfall D. Fischer F. Plaschke J. Porter K. Lappalainen 《Space Science Reviews》2016,199(1-4):105-135
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W. Riedler K. Torkar H. Jeszenszky J. Romstedt H. St. C. Alleyne H. Arends W. Barth J. V. D. Biezen B. Butler P. Ehrenfreund M. Fehringer G. Fremuth J. Gavira O. Havnes E. K. Jessberger R. Kassing W. Klöck C. Koeberl A. C. Levasseur-Regourd M. Maurette F. Rüdenauer R. Schmidt G. Stangl M. Steller I. Weber 《Space Science Reviews》2007,128(1-4):869-904
The International Rosetta Mission is set for a rendezvous with Comet 67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014. On its 10 year journey
to the comet, the spacecraft will also perform a fly-by of the two asteroids Stein and Lutetia in 2008 and 2010, respectively.
The mission goal is to study the origin of comets, the relationship between cometary and interstellar material and its implications
with regard to the origin of the Solar System. Measurements will be performed that shed light into the development of cometary
activity and the processes in the surface layer of the nucleus and the inner coma.
The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System (MIDAS) instrument is an essential element of Rosetta’s scientific payload. It will
provide 3D images and statistical parameters of pristine cometary particles in the nm-μm range from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
According to cometary dust models and experience gained from the Giotto and Vega missions to 1P/Halley, there appears to be
an abundance of particles in this size range, which also covers the building blocks of pristine interplanetary dust particles.
The dust collector of MIDAS will point at the comet and collect particles drifting outwards from the nucleus surface. MIDAS
is based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), a type of scanning microprobe able to image small structures in 3D. AFM images
provide morphological and statistical information on the dust population, including texture, shape, size and flux. Although
the AFM uses proven laboratory technology, MIDAS is its first such application in space. This paper describes the scientific
objectives and background, the technical implementation and the capabilities of MIDAS as they stand after the commissioning
of the flight instrument, and the implications for cometary measurements. 相似文献
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R. B. Torbert H. Vaith M. Granoff M. Widholm J. A. Gaidos B. H. Briggs I. G. Dors M. W. Chutter J. Macri M. Argall D. Bodet J. Needell M. B. Steller W. Baumjohann R. Nakamura F. Plaschke H. Ottacher J. Hasiba K. Hofmann C. A. Kletzing S. R. Bounds R. T. Dvorsky K. Sigsbee V. Kooi 《Space Science Reviews》2016,199(1-4):307-308
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R. B. Torbert H. Vaith M. Granoff M. Widholm J. A. Gaidos B. H. Briggs I. G. Dors M. W. Chutter J. Macri M. Argall D. Bodet J. Needell M. B. Steller W. Baumjohann R. Nakamura F. Plaschke H. Ottacher J. Hasiba K. Hofmann C. A. Kletzing S. R. Bounds R. T. Dvorsky K. Sigsbee V. Kooi 《Space Science Reviews》2016,199(1-4):283-305
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