基于梯度提升决策树的量子科学实验卫星光学实验预测

量子科学实验卫星在轨运行期间完成4种光学实验，地面监测人员通过遥测参数阈值判断卫星是否进行光学实验、实验类型及实验结果.这种方法需要预先设定大量阈值，并且这些阈值需要根据在轨卫星重新设定，可扩展性较差.针对以上问题，提出一种基于机器学习的光学实验判别方法，将量子科学实验卫星的光学实验监测任务抽象为机器学习中的多元分类问题，构建分类模型，利用量子科学实验卫星的真实历史遥测数据对模型进行训练，并通过真实实验计划对训练得到的模型进行验证.实验结果表明，本文提出的方法在没有专家先验知识的前提下，判别准确率达到99%，可用于量子科学实验卫星光学实验的实时监测任务.提出的基于机器学习的判别方法具有较强的可扩展性，可应用于卫星在轨运行的其他监测任务.      

利用天线主波束方向图信息估算多目标的到达方向角

提出了一种估算机械旋转天线主瓣中多个雷达目标到达方向角(DOA)的新方法。该估算方法以最大似然技术(ML)为基础，应用了天线波束方向图信息。考虑了两种情况：具有确定性未知复幅度的多目标和具有随机复高斯分布幅度的多目标。用蒙特卡罗模拟评估了该估算方法的性能，并将它与Cramer-Rao下限进行了性能比较。     

肯尼迪航天中心的雷电防护系统

本文是美国NASA/肯尼迪航天中心(KSC)于1990年6月公布的雷电与空间计划。它全面地介绍了NASA/KSC研究雷电与大气电场的概况。NASA/KSC应用了综合的、先进的监测技术手段,制定了广泛的、严谨的和有效的防护措施,确保了飞行器及发射场地的安全。文章还介绍了雷电探测、预报、防护和研究的前景。     

使用PC机串行口与下位单片机串行通信的方法

本文详细介绍了使用PC机串行口与下位单位机串行通信的方法及其具体使用，对实际应用有较强的指导作用。     

Aqueous corrosion of phosphide minerals from iron meteorites: a highly reactive source of prebiotic phosphorus on the surface of the early Earth

We present the results of an experimental study of aqueous corrosion of Fe-phosphide under conditions relevant to the early Earth. The results strongly suggest that iron meteorites were an important source of reactive phosphorus (P), a requirement for the formation of P-based life. We further demonstrate that iron meteorites were an abundant source of phosphide minerals early in Earth history. Phosphide corrosion was studied in five different solutions: deionized water, deionized water buffered with sodium bicarbonate, deionized water with dissolved magnesium and calcium chlorides, deionized water containing ethanol and acetic acid, and deionized water containing the chlorides, ethanol, and acetic acid. Experiments were performed in the presence of both air and pure Ar gas to evaluate the effect of atmospheric chemistry. Phosphide corrosion in deionized water results in a metastable mixture of mixed-valence, P-bearing ions including pyrophosphate and triphosphate, key components for metabolism in modern life. In a pH-buffered solution of NaHCO(3), the condensed and reduced species diphosphonate is an abundant corrosion product. Corrosion in ethanol- and acetic acid-containing solutions yields additional P-bearing organic molecules, including acetyl phosphonate and a cyclic triphosphorus molecule. Phosphonate is a major corrosion product of all experiments and is the only P-bearing molecule that persists in solutions with high concentrations of magnesium and calcium chlorides, which suggests that phosphonate may have been a primitive oceanic source of P. The stability and reactivity of phosphonate and hypophosphite in solution were investigated to elucidate reaction mechanisms and the role of mineral catalysts on P-solution chemistry. Phosphonate oxidation is rapid in the presence of Fe metal but negligible in the presence of magnetite and in the control sample. The rate of hypophosphite oxidation is independent of reaction substrate.     

A sulfur-based survival strategy for putative phototrophic life in the venusian atmosphere

Several observations indicate that the cloud deck of the venusian atmosphere may provide a plausible refuge for microbial life. Having originated in a hot proto-ocean or been brought in by meteorites from Earth (or Mars), early life on Venus could have adapted to a dry, acidic atmospheric niche as the warming planet lost its oceans. The greatest obstacle for the survival of any organism in this niche may be high doses of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Here we make the argument that such an organism may utilize sulfur allotropes present in the venusian atmosphere, particularly S(8), as a UV sunscreen, as an energy-converting pigment, or as a means for converting UV light to lower frequencies that can be used for photosynthesis. Thus, life could exist today in the clouds of Venus.     

Production of neutrons from interactions of GCR-like particles

In order to help assess the risk to astronauts due to the long-term exposure to the natural radiation environment in space, an understanding of how the primary radiation field is changed when passing through shielding and tissue materials must be obtained. One important aspect of the change in the primary radiation field after passing through shielding materials is the production of secondary particles from the breakup of the primary. Neutrons are an important component of the secondary particle field due to their relatively high biological weighting factors, and due to their relative abundance, especially behind thick shielding scenarios. Because of the complexity of the problem, the estimation of the risk from exposure to the secondary neutron field must be handled using calculational techniques. However, those calculations will need an extensive set of neutron cross section and thicktarget neutron yield data in order to make an accurate assessment of the risk. In this paper we briefly survey the existing neutron-production data sets that are applicable to the space radiation transport problem, and we point out how neutron production from protons is different than neutron production from heavy ions. We also make comparisons of one the heavy-ion data sets with Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations.     

定应变对丁羟推进剂老化作用初探

测试和分析了三个贮存温度、四种老化应变（定应变）、贮存１７１ｄ的单向拉伸性能、永久变形及总应变等数据，结果表明：老化应变对贮存性能影响显著。温度对化学老化和定应变产生的老化作用的影响作用不同，高温下，化学老化占主导地位，较低温度一测定应变产生的老化作用突出。受就变的推进剂存在一个最佳的贮存温度，约在３０－５０℃之间，在此附近斯民经历的化学老化和定变变产生化作用综合影响最小。分析不同应变条件下的永久