基于工程教育专业认证背景下地方特色院校“金课”建设的研究与探索

"金课"作为一项新提出不久的概念,许多重点院校和地方特色院校已经着手打造了一部分精品课程,主要是一些开放性课程和文法类课程,原因是这一类课程思维发散,教学手段多样,可以运用现代化信息技术手段采取线上线下教学模式。但是教育部推出的"金课"建设不单单只是针对于这些类课程,对于工科专业的课程建设,也需要打造"金课",尤其是以工程教育专业认证的标准和理念打造地方特色院校"金课",是我们这些地方特色工科院校需要重点研究和探索的。本文的研究重点在于如何把工程教育专业认证的理念与课程建设有机融合体现工科"金课"的"四性"。     

基于复杂网络的车载自组织网络脆弱性分析

车载自组织网络(VANET)作为智能交通的重要基础应用，其安全稳定地运行是交通系统乃至社会经济可持续发展的需要。以最大连通度、连通分支平均规模、全局网络效率等参数为脆弱性测度指标，基于复杂网络理论，应用车辆仿真软件(VanetMobiSim)建立了VANET网络拓扑模型，详细研究了在随机攻击和蓄意攻击模式下脆弱性量化指标随节点移除比例的变化关系；通过仿真实验分析了节点密度、信号辐射半径及不同攻击策略对VANET脆弱性的影响。仿真结果表明:VANET在蓄意攻击下比较脆弱，基于节点介数的蓄意攻击效能最强；节点密度、信号辐射半径越小，VANET连通性越差，网络越脆弱。所提方法和结果为VANET拓扑控制优化和网络管理决策提供了理论依据。      

具有复杂围护结构光学窗口的传热特性分析

针对具有复杂围护结构光学窗口传热特性,建立了高热流作用下的光学窗口及其复杂围护结构的辐射-导热传热模型,分别讨论了窗口的辐射半透明、光谱选择性、外部加热热流以及窗口尺寸对其瞬态温度响应的影响。结果表明,忽略窗口半透明特征会产生最大31.4%误差,忽略光谱选择性会产生最大40.4%误差;窗口外部气动加热热流影响显著,温度响应随热流的增大而急剧增大;窗口厚度对其传热特性的影响较大,随着厚度的增大窗口温度响应减小;而窗口半径产生的影响可忽略不计。     

Effect of matching between the magnetic field and channel length on the performance of low sputtering Hall thrusters

Discharge characteristics of a non-wall-loss Hall thruster were studied under different channel lengths using a design based on pushing a magnetic field through a double permanent magnet ring. The effect of different magnetic field intensities and channel lengths on ionization, efficiency, and plume divergence angle were studied. The experimental results show that propellant utilization is improved for optimal matching between the magnetic field and channel length. While matching the magnetic field and channel length, the ionization position of the neutral gas changes. The ion flow is effectively controlled, allowing the thrust force, specific impulse, and efficiency to be improved. Our study shows that the channel length is an important design parameter to consider for improving the performance of non-wall-loss Hall thrusters.     

Facile Fabrication of Hierarchical Porous N/O Functionalized Carbon Derived from Blighted Grains Towards Electrochemical Capacitors

The hierarchical porous N/O co-functionalized carbon(HPNOC)was scalably prepared by using the lowcost and renewable blighted grains as the raw material coupled with mild KHCO_3 activation for electrochemical capacitors(ECs).The elemental N was in situ doped in the obtained HPNOC without any N-containing additives.Remarkably,the obtained HPNOC was endowed with a large specific surface area(about 2 624m~2·g~(-1)),high pore volume(about 1.35cm~3·g~(-1)),as well as high-content N/O functionalization(about 1.9%(in atom)N and about 10.2%(in atom)O.Furthermore,the as-resulted HPNOC electrode with a high mass loading of 5mg·cm~(-2 )exhibited competitive gravimetric capacitances of about 373.6F·g~(-1 )at 0.5A·g~(-1),and even about 260.4F·g~(-1 )at a high rate of 10A·g~(-1);superior capacitance retention of about 98.8%at 1A·g~(-1 )over 10 000consecutive cycles;and high specific energy of about 9.6W·h·kg~(-1 )at a power of 500W·kg~(-1),when evaluated as a promising electrode in 6mol KOH for advanced electrochemical supercapacitors.More encouragingly,the green synthetic strategy we developed holds a huge promise in generalizing for other biomass-derived carbon materials for versatile energy-related applications.     

Research on navigation of satellite constellation based on an asynchronous observation model using X-ray pulsar

Pulsar navigation is a promising navigation method for high-altitude orbit space tasks or deep space exploration. At present, an important reason for restricting the development of pulsar navigation is that navigation accuracy is not high due to the slow update of the measurements. In order to improve the accuracy of pulsar navigation, an asynchronous observation model which can improve the update rate of the measurements is proposed on the basis of satellite constellation which has a broad space for development because of its visibility and reliability. The simulation results show that the asynchronous observation model improves the positioning accuracy by 31.48% and velocity accuracy by 24.75% than that of the synchronous observation model. With the new Doppler effects compensation method in the asynchronous observation model proposed in this paper, the positioning accuracy is improved by 32.27%, and the velocity accuracy is improved by 34.07% than that of the traditional method. The simulation results show that without considering the clock error will result in a filtering divergence.     

利用微波探测仪(ATMS)对在轨微波辐射计观测精度的模拟分析

微波辐射计的观测精度及其对数值模式同化应用的影响评估是微波辐射计观测指标设计的重要参考。基于微波探测仪(ATMS)资料,利用三维变分同化系统模拟分析在轨微波辐射计的观测精度指标。针对ATMS观测误差特征,在其观测基础上增加均值为零、标准偏差分别为0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0K的正态随机扰动,进而获得不同精度的观测模拟值序列,然后利用Harris和Kelley的辐射资料偏差订正经验方法订正不同精度的观测资料。偏差订正后,利用三维变分同化模式(WRFDA)直接同化ATMS资料。通过2016年6月6h预报场的同化试验,评估了不同观测精度的模拟资料对数值模式的同化影响。     

异构无人系统协同作战关键技术综述

针对异构无人系统的规模、异构性强弱，对异构无人系统进行了分类，引入了异构无人系统协同作战班组的概念以及应用设想，并通过城市环境中异构无人系统协同作战问题为牵引，提出了异构无人系统协同作战面临的挑战与解决思路，在此基础之上，从异构无人系统协同控制架构、协同任务规划、智能交互、目标感知、环境感知等主要方面对异构无人系统协同作战的关键技术进行了分析，最后对异构无人系统协同作战目前的研究进展与挑战进行了总结。     

飞轮微振动的组合隔振装置设计及实验研究

针对光学遥感卫星飞轮微振动引起的成像质量下降问题，设计了一种组合隔振装置，并采用仿真分析与实验测试相结合的方法对隔振方案设计的合理性进行验证。首先，将测量的飞轮扰振数据引入光学卫星的有限元模型中，计算出飞轮扰振对光学相机的像素偏移影响；其次，设计了组合隔振方案并基于有限元方法对其隔振效果进行验证；最后，搭建了光学成像微振动实验测试平台，对不同转速下飞轮微振动造成的像素偏移影响进行精确测量。实验结果表明，组合隔振装置对300 Hz以上高频段飞轮扰振有较大衰减作用，最大像素偏移降到0.01个像素以下，隔振效率达到80%以上；通过对比可知，实验测试与仿真计算得到的像素偏移结果在低频段一次谐波响应及模态响应表现出较好一致性，但在高频段二者存在一定偏差。