高效数控加工技术应用调查报告

随着航空工业的快速发展,现代飞机为满足可靠性、机动能力、信息感知能力、寿命、结构轻量化等方面日益提高的性能要求,大量新技术、新材料、新结构被航空制造领域所应用,航空制造领域中的结构件大型化、复杂化、材料多元化、制造精确化等问题急需解决,高速、高精、复合等数控加工要求已成为现代飞机结构件数控加工装备的主要发展方向。尤其是随着我国大型飞机项目研制工作的逐渐深入,在动力、机体结构、材料等方面带来的技术特征与我国以前研制的中小型飞机存在很大的差别,为我国大型飞机的研制工作带来了严峻挑战。作为由中国航空工业集团公司主管的中央级大型综合技术刊物,为推动数控加工技术在航空等高端技术领域的发展,促进航空制造各个领域之间的交流,本刊以"高效数控加工技术应用调查"为主题展开调查,希望能为我国数控加工技术在航空制造业的高效应用提供有价值的参考。本次调查采用调查问卷形式,主要面向数控设备供应商、航空企业用户和科研机构等3个方面展开。在数控设备供应商方面,主要针对德马吉、北京第一机床厂、北京第二机床厂、瑞士宝美、伊斯卡、瓦尔特、海德汉、武汉华中数控、蔡司、海克斯康、温泽等知名供应商;航空企业用户主要包括沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司、沈阳黎明发动机(集团)有限公司、哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限公司、北京航空制造工程研究所等;科研机构包括哈尔滨工业大学、清华大学、北京航空航天大学、南京航空航天大学、北京机床研究所等。这些企业、厂商和科研机构为我们提供了很多关于数控机床方面的信息,为本次调查提供了极大的支持。     

CASH 2021: commercial access and space habitation

Issues about commercialization of space have been a growing concern in the past decade for the space community. This paper focuses on the work from a team of 51 students attending the Summer Session Program of the International Space University in Bremen, Germany. CASH 2021 (Commercial Access and Space Habitation) documents a plan that identifies commercial opportunities for space utilization that will extend human presence in space, and will chart the way forward for the next 20 years. The group selected four commercial sectors that show the most promise for the future: tourism, entertainment, space system service, assembly and debris removal, and research and development/production. The content of this document presents the results of their research. Historical activities in each of the commercial sectors are reviewed along with the current market situation. To provide a coherent background for future commercialization possibilities a scenario has been developed. This scenario includes a postulated upon ideal future and includes social, political and economic factors that may affect the space industry over the timeline of the study. The study also presents a roadmap, within the limited optimistic scenario developed, for the successful commercialization of space leading to future human presence in space. A broad range of commercially viable opportunities, not only within the current limits of the International Space Station, but also among the many new developments that are expected by 2021 are discussed.     

An assessment of semi-analytical models based on the absorption coefficient in retrieving the chlorophyll-a concentration from a reservoir

Monitoring chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in inland waters is crucial for water quality management, since Chl-a is a proxy for phytoplankton biomass and, thus, for ecological health of a water environment. Chl-a concentration can be retrieved through the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of a water system, which, in turn, can be remotely sensed obtained. Quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA), originally developed for ocean waters, can also retrieve IOPs for inland waters after re-parameterizations. This study is aimed at assessing the performance of sixteen schemes composed by QAA original and re-parameterized versions followed by models that use absorption coefficients as inputs for estimating Chl-a concentration in Ibitinga reservoir, located at Tietê River cascading system, São Paulo State, Brazil. It was verified that only QAA_V5 based schemes were able to obtain reasonable estimates for image data and that by four models tested presented similar and acceptable results for QAA_V5 outputs. The best model were applied to a Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) image. Light absorption in the reservoir showed to be dominated by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and wide spatial and temporal variability of optical and water quality properties was observed.     

How Navigational Aids Impair Spatial Memory: Evidence for Divided Attention

Abstract

Research has demonstrated navigational aids impair spatial memory, but has not considered important spatial cognitive concepts. For example, impairment may stem from spatial perspective switches between route-based aids and survey-based memory assessments. Further, the verbal format of aid instructions may selectively interfere with verbal working memory (VWM). To address these potential explanations, participants navigated desktop virtual environments in a goal-directed manner. In each within-participants condition, participants either navigated with a verbal or tonal aid that presented mixed spatial perspective instructions or without aid. Both aids yielded slight navigational advantages and steep spatial memory costs despite their mixed perspective instructions. The equivalent impairment between information formats suggests navigational aids impair spatial memory by dividing attention rather than selective interference of VWM.     

Analysis of carbonaceous biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer microchip capillary electrophoresis system: carboxylic acids

The oxidizing surface chemistry on Mars argues that any comprehensive search for organic compounds indicative of life requires methods to analyze higher oxidation states of carbon with very low limits of detection. To address this goal, microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) methods were developed for analysis of carboxylic acids with the Mars Organic Analyzer (MOA). Fluorescent derivatization was achieved by activation with the water soluble 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) followed by reaction with Cascade Blue hydrazide in 30 mM borate, pH 3. A standard containing 12 carboxylic acids found in terrestrial life was successfully labeled and separated in 30 mM borate at pH 9.5, 20 °C by using the MOA CE system. Limits of detection were 5-10 nM for aliphatic monoacids, 20 nM for malic acid (diacid), and 230 nM for citric acid (triacid). Polyacid benzene derivatives containing 2, 3, 4, and 6 carboxyl groups were also analyzed. In particular, mellitic acid was successfully labeled and analyzed with a limit of detection of 300 nM (5 ppb). Analyses of carboxylic acids sampled from a lava tube cave and a hydrothermal area demonstrated the versatility and robustness of our method. This work establishes that the MOA can be used for sensitive analyses of a wide range of carboxylic acids in the search for extraterrestrial organic molecules.     

Disks, Extrasolar Planets and Migration

We review results about protoplanetary disk models, protoplanet migration and formation of giant planets with migrating cores. We first model the protoplanetary nebula as an α–accretion disk and present steady state calculations for different values of α and gas accretion rate through the disk. We then review the current theories of protoplanet migration in the context of these models, focusing on the gaseous disk–protoplanet tidal interaction. According to these theories, the migration timescale may be shorter than the planetary formation timescale. Therefore we investigate planet formation in the context of a migrating core, considering both the growth of the core and the build–up of the envelope in the course of the migration. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

实力铸就辉煌——走进中航工业直升机有限责任公司

中国航空工业集团公司与天津市共同组建中航工业直升机有限责任公司,为中国直升机行业的发展注入了新的活力。目前,中航工业直升机有限责任公司正在积极融入世界航空产业链,拓宽国际化道路,通过国际化合作,建立一支专业齐全、技术先进、分工协作的统一直升机工程队伍,助力民族直升机产业。     

与时俱进 服务为先——本刊总编辑刘柱对话业基科技股份有限公司总经理叶人魁先生

<正>业基科技股份有限公司(HonliTech)是一家世界级的工程解决方案公司,以"力求突现科技能带给人们幸福"为宗旨,竭尽全力为客户提供贴心的顾问式服务;同时,公司还为客户提供远景服务,不仅帮助客户解决当前的问题,还可提供未来的优化方案,为企业的各项专案提供专业的咨询,让客户轻松与时俱进,永远保持领先。     

高能束流加工设备应用调查报告

高能束流加工作为当今制造技术发展的前沿,其研究内容极为丰富,主要技术领域有激光加工技术.电子束加工技术、离子束及等离子体加工技术以及高能束流复合加工技术等.随着技术的不断创新和发展,中国航空工业对高能束流加工设备提出了更高的要求.为更好地满足国防工业发展需要,本刊以"高能束流加工设备应用"为主题展开调查,力求通过我们的调查为高能束流加工设备供应商和相关用户搭建交流平台,了解该领域设备的应用现状、用户的需求以及推广应用中出现的问题,以便读者了解目前的高能束流加工技术设备应用情况,并为高能束流加工设备供应商的产品研发、销售提供参考,为用户选购设备提供帮助.