Review and propositions for the sliding/impact wear behavior in a contact interface

A thermal-solid-liquid complex operational environment induces structural interface developing a typical coupling sliding/impact wear behavior. It results in contact damage until systems fail, which may cause significant economic losses and catastrophic consequences. The key point of solving this problem is to reveal the coupling damage mechanism of the sliding/impact behavior in typical systems and life characterization under a complicate evolving environment. This has been a hot topic in the area of mechanical reliability. The main work in this paper can be concluded as follows. Firstly, the main industries in which the “sliding/impact behavior” takes place have been introduced. Then, existing studies on the wear mechanism and degree analysis are presented, which includes surface morphology analysis, wear debris analysis, and wear degree measurement. Meanwhile, existing problems in theoretical modeling and experiments in current research are summarized, so as to point out a bright direction for future research on wear prediction. They include interface contact modeling, mathematic coupling mechanism modeling, wear equation establishment, and wear life characterization, which can provide some new ideas for improving the existing studies on the sliding/impact wear behavior.     

超高强高韧马氏体时效钢热变形及航天应用研究

对于航天用超高强高韧C300马氏体时效钢来说,热加工过程中获得等轴细小的再结晶晶粒是实现该钢强韧性最佳匹配的关键环节。采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机在温度为850～1 150℃、应变速率为0.01～10 s~(-1)的条件下,对超高强高韧C300马氏体时效钢进行高温轴向压缩变形试验,获得了高温流变曲线,并观察变形后的金相组织。结果表明:C300马氏体时效钢的流变应力和峰值应变随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小;试验钢在真应变为0.92、应变速率为0.01～10 s~(-1)的条件下,随着变形速率的提高,其发生完全动态再结晶的温度也逐渐升高,最佳热变形温度区间为1 050～1 150℃;测得试验钢的热变形激活能Q值为391.2 kJ/mol,建立了其热变形本构方程。结果能为C300马氏体钢的数值模拟和热加工工艺的制定提供理论基础。     

弱引力下小行星动量驱动机器人的可控跳跃行为

以小行星表面着陆探测为背景,提出一种动量驱动机器人(MoRo)以满足弱引力复杂环境下的探测需求。该机器人利用弱引力环境下的摩擦和碰撞特性,通过主动辨识环境参数,规划和控制动量轮以产生期望的驱动力矩,完成可控性跳跃及腾空后的稳定拍照等任务。首先,基于MoRo的动量轮刹车机构特性,分析了MoRo在弱引力环境下的跳跃机理并对其跳跃方式进行了规划;接着考虑动量轮驱动机构三闭环伺服系统的非线性特性,基于Herze碰撞模型和Karnopp摩擦模型建立了MoRo在小行星表面的跳跃行为动力学模型;其次,使用机器学习算法建立环境参数和MoRo运动的函数关系,并基于环境参数规划动量轮转速实现跳跃距离和腾空高度的可控。最后,通过数值仿真校验了MoRo跳跃规划方法和控制方法的可行性。     

基于混杂非对称复合材料的自适应对日定向器

提出并设计了一种基于混杂非对称复合材料层合板的新型自适应对日定向器。该对日定向器采用混杂非对称复合材料层合板作为驱动元件，利用在轨光照条件的变化引起复合材料层合板温度变化，进而使其产生热变形并驱动太阳翼发生偏转。提出的自适应对日定向器结合传统的单自由度对日定向机构，能够实现太阳能帆板的双自由度对日定向。介绍了自适应对日定向器的基本原理，并结合地球静止轨道的光照条件进行了具体设计。利用能量变分原理建立了混杂非对称复合材料的热变形模型，分析其热变形特点，并利用有限元方法对定向器在地球静止轨道上的温度场特性、热变形及对日定向转动角度进行分析。有限元分析结果表明，通过合理设计，自适应对日定向器的转角能够随太阳光入射角变化呈线性变化，定向精度可达±1°。     

一种新的基于ANSYS的机翼挠曲变形建模方法

针对传递对准中机翼挠曲变形建模方法适用性差的问题,提出了一种基于有限元分析的不同挂点处弹载子惯导系统的机翼挠曲变形建模方法。以柔性较大的大展弦比机翼为研究对象,建立了薄蒙皮、双翼梁、多肋板式机翼模型。通过绕流分析得到的机翼上、下表面压力分布云图,在此基础上对机翼结构进行气动载荷的加载。根据ANSYS瞬态动力学分析,获取了机翼挠曲变形角的随机过程序列,并利用AR(n)模型代替ARMA(p,q)模型进行建模。采用一种改良卡尔曼滤波算法对模型参数进行估计,并利用信息准则对模型的适应性进行检验。根据参数辨识的结果,最终得到了机翼的挠曲变形模型。     

Effect of curing condition on bonding quality of scarf-repaired composite laminates

Both single-face vacuum bag curing (SVC) and double-face vacuum bag curing (DVC) can be used in scarf repair of composite structures. But different curing conditions caused by the sealing state may affect the bonding quality of scarf-repaired structures. In this paper, the effect of curing condition on bonding quality of scarf-repaired laminates was experimentally investigated in terms of surface profiles, moisture absorption curves and section profiles. In order to further explore the moisture absorption mechanism, finite element model of the repaired laminates using DVC was established with moisture diffusion of both the adhesive and composite laminates considered. This model was verified by experimental results. Based on the model of DVC case, the model of SVC case was built by changing moisture absorption parameters of the adhesive. Results show that SVC reduces the bonding quality, mainly reflecting in more adhesive inner voids and patch-to-parent dislocation. And SVC increases moisture absorption rate and moisture equilibrium content of the adhesive, and its effect on the former is far greater than that on the latter.     

A user-friendly yield criterion for metals exhibiting tension-compression asymmetry

The aim of this paper is to model the yielding asymmetry of pressure-insensitive metals, including but not limited to Ni₃Al alloys. The main focuses are put on the flexibility and manipulative convenience. The parameters of theory are kept to a minimum and can be determined by as few tests as possible. These requirements are fulfilled by constructing a yield function using the second and third-invariants of a linearly transformed stress tensor. The proposed yield criterion has a simple mathematical form and has only seven parameters when used in three-dimensional stresses. Compared with existing theories, the new yield criterion has much fewer parameters, which makes it very convenient for practical applications. The coefficients of the criterion are identified by an error minimization procedure. Applications to a Ni₃Al based intermetallic alloy as well as a Cu-Al-Be shape memory alloy and comparison to other criteria show that the proposed criterion has nearly the same predictive ability and flexibility with other criteria. The proposed yield criterion can estimate the coefficients by using less data, which is a big advantage compared with other similar theories, especially when there is a limited number of experimental data.     

添加微量Sc对Mg-3Li合金高应变率变形行为的影响

利用Hopkinson压杆对Mg-3Li和Mg-3Li-1Sc合金进行了高应变率冲击实验,分析了添加少量Sc对Mg-3Li合金冲击变形行为及其应变率效应的影响.结果表明,在1350s～3000s-1应变率范围内,两种合金的动态应力-应变行为均表现出显著的应变率强化效应.但随应变率继续升高,合金的动态变形行为转为应变率弱...     

新型超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为

采用热力模拟试验方法进行热压缩变形试验,研究了一种新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金在变形温度为300～450℃,应变速率为0.001～1s-1,压缩变形程度为50%条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明,变形温度和应变速率对合金流变应力的大小影响显著,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的提高而增大.采用统计回归方法建立了...     

云计算环境下动态用户行为认证的机制、模型与分析

在云计算中,终端用户对云资源软硬件的影响和破坏远比目前用户利用因特网进行资源共享要严重的多,因此相对于用户的身份,用户的行为是否真实可信是云计算研究的一个重要内容。提出了户行为认征的机制,包括行为认证集的确立、行为证据的获得、行为认证的策略,建立相应的随机Petri网模型,并通过量化瞬时变迁的实施概率来模拟不同的认证选择,利用系统达到稳定状态时位置中的平均标记数来评价认证效果,为云计算的安全应用奠定理论和实践基础。