基于混杂非对称复合材料的自适应对日定向器

提出并设计了一种基于混杂非对称复合材料层合板的新型自适应对日定向器。该对日定向器采用混杂非对称复合材料层合板作为驱动元件，利用在轨光照条件的变化引起复合材料层合板温度变化，进而使其产生热变形并驱动太阳翼发生偏转。提出的自适应对日定向器结合传统的单自由度对日定向机构，能够实现太阳能帆板的双自由度对日定向。介绍了自适应对日定向器的基本原理，并结合地球静止轨道的光照条件进行了具体设计。利用能量变分原理建立了混杂非对称复合材料的热变形模型，分析其热变形特点，并利用有限元方法对定向器在地球静止轨道上的温度场特性、热变形及对日定向转动角度进行分析。有限元分析结果表明，通过合理设计，自适应对日定向器的转角能够随太阳光入射角变化呈线性变化，定向精度可达±1°。

A Novel Adaptive Sun Tracker Based on Hybrid Asymmetrical Composite Laminates

This study proposes a novel adaptive sun tracker, in which the hybrid asymmetric composites laminates are applied as the actuators. The hybrid laminates achieve the large thermal deformation and actuate the solar panel via a mechanism. The thermal deformation of the hybrid laminates is due to the temperature variation, which is caused by the change of the sun light condition in the orbits. A sun tracker system composed by the proposed adaptive sun tracker and a traditional single-degree-of-freedom electrical sun tracker realizes the two-degree-of-freedom sun tracking. In this study, the fundamental principle and the detail design of the novel adaptive sun tracker is introduced according to the sunlight condition in a geosynchronous orbit (GEO). Applying the Rayleigh-Ritz method, this study establishes the shape prediction model of the hybrid asymmetric composite laminates. Using the finite element method, the performance of the adaptive sun tracker in the GEO is analyzed. The analysis results indicate that the adaptive sun tracker rotates the connected solar panel towards the sun light, and decreases the inclined angle between the sun light and the normal of solar panel to 1°.