Full blended blade and endwall design of a compressor cascade

In the current state-of-the-art, high-loss flow in the endwall significantly influences compressor performance. Therefore, the control of endwall corner separation in compressor blade rows is important to consider. Based on the previous research of the Blended Blade and EndWall (BBEW) technique, which can significantly reduce corner separation, in combination with a non-axisymmetric endwall, the full-BBEW technique is proposed in this study to further reduce the separation in endwall region. The principle of the unchanged axial passage area is considered to derive the geometric method for this technique. Three models are further classified based on different geometric characteristics of this technique: the BBEW model, Inclining-Only EndWall (IOEW) model, and full-BBEW model. The most effective design of each model is then found by performing several optimizations at the design point and related numerical investigations over the entire operational conditions. Compared with the prototype, the total pressure loss coefficient decreases by 7%–9% in the optimized full-BBEW at the design point. Moreover, the aerodynamic blockage coefficient over the entire operational range decreases more than the other models, which shows its positive effect for diffusion. This approach has a larger decrease at negative incidence angles where the intersection of the boundary layer plays an important role in corner separation. The analysis shows that the blended blade profile enlarges the dihedral angle and creates a span-wise pressure gradient to move low momentum fluid towards the mainstream. Furthermore, the inclining hub geometry accelerates the accumulated flow in the corner downstream by increasing the pressure gradient. Overall, though losses in the mainstream grow, especially for large incidences, the full-BBEW technique effectively reduces the separation in corners.     

CFD中数值耗散和延伸边界对声传播的影响

对已知色散关系的正弦波在二维管道中的传播使用有限体积法进行计算,结果表明二阶精度下每波长40个左右的网格点能够有效地保留声波.在计算域外增加稀疏网格延伸段能够对边界反射起到抑制作用,为以较小的计算量增加实现较好的反射抑制效果,研究给出了延伸段长度和网格轴向尺寸的推荐公式.      

进口导流叶片对转子叶片颤振特性的影响

上游静子叶片的尾迹扰动是下游转子叶片发生强迫响应问题的主要原因,但通常认为不会对颤振特性产生影响。运用CFD技术求解非定常流场,用能量法对典型涡轮风扇NASA Rotor 67进行了气动弹性分析。结果表明:不加进口导流叶片时其叶片最有可能在第二阶模态、60°叶间振动相角的情况下发生颤振;加上IGV(进口导流叶片)后,IGV的尾迹会显著改变转子叶片的颤振特性,当转子叶片的最危险颤振模态频率接近IGV尾迹的扰动频率时,即使单独转子叶片十分稳定,但在尾迹的激励下颤振仍然可能发生;当该频率远离IGV尾迹扰动频率时,尾迹扰动同样会使转子叶片气动阻尼降低。该结果意味着尽管IGV的引入不会明显改变压气机性能,但有可能会对其颤振特性带来明显的负面影响,需要在涡轮机设计中予以考虑。     

基于实验设计和响应面模型的风扇转子气动优化设计

针对跨声速风扇动叶中掠、弯结合叶片基于控制点的B样条曲线对积叠线进行参数化,以掠、弯为设计自由度,应用实验设计、三维粘性流场求解、响应面模型及遗传算法对Rotor 67以近尖峰效率工况点为设计点对风扇转子进行了气动优化设计,得到了前掠与弯向旋转方向的复合设计叶片,其总压比有较明显提高。但由于优化是在单一工况点下进行的,其变工况性能不佳。     

A novel none once per revolution blade tip timing based blade vibration parameters identification method

The vibration caused blade High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) is seriously affects the safety operation of turbomachinery especially for aero-engine. Thus, it is crucial important to identify the blade vibration parameters and then evaluate the dynamic stress amplitude. Blade Tip Timing (BTT) method is one of the promising method to solve these problems. While, it need a high resolution Once Per Revolution (OPR) signal which is difficult to get for the aero-engine. Here, a Coupled Vibration Analysis (CVA) method for identifying blade vibration parameters by a none OPR BTT is proposed. The method assumes that every real blade has its own vibration performance at a given speed. Whereby, it can take any blade as the reference blade, and the other blades using the reference blade as the OPR for vibration displacement calculating and further parameter identifying. The proposed method is validated by numerical model. Also, experimental studies are carried out on a straight blade and a twisted three dimensional blade test rig as well as a large industrial axial compressor respectively. The results show that the proposed method can accurately identify the blade synchronous vibration parameters and quantitatively evaluate the mistuning in bladed disks, which lays a foundation for the reliability improvement of aero-engine.     

Determination of a suitable set of loss models for centrifugal compressor performance prediction

Performance prediction in preliminary design stages of several turbomachinery components is a critical task in order to bring the design processes of these devices to a successful conclusion.In this paper,a review and analysis of the major loss mechanisms and loss models,used to determine the efficiency of a single stage centrifugal compressor,and a subsequent examination to determine an appropriate loss correlation set for estimating the isentropic efficiency in preliminary design stages of centrifugal compressors,were developed.Several semi-empirical correlations,commonly used to predict the efficiency of centrifugal compressors,were implemented in FORTRAN code and then were compared with experimental results in order to establish a loss correlation set to determine,with good approximation,the isentropic efficiency of single stage compressor.The aim of this study is to provide a suitable loss correlation set for determining the isentropic efficiency of a single stage centrifugal compressor,because,with a large amount of loss mechanisms and correlations available in the literature,it is difficult to ascertain how many and which correlations to employ for the correct prediction of the efficiency in the preliminary stage design of a centrifugal compressor.As a result of this study,a set of correlations composed by nine loss mechanisms for single stage centrifugal compressors,conformed by a rotor and a diffuser,are specified.     

叶轮机械颤振研究进展 “两机专刊”

叶轮机械颤振是航空发动机、燃气轮机安全运行的重要威胁,一旦出现将严重影响设备的安全性并降低使用寿命。但颤振发生机理复杂,影响气弹稳定性参数多,流动结构和关键参数相互耦合,因此颤振一直是叶轮机械的研究难点。本文从颤振发生机理的角度,重点综述了近十年来关于颤振发生机理的新发现和新进展,其中包括流动结构、振动模态以及声波传播与反射等方面。在此基础上,结合工程实际简要总结了颤振抑制方法,以及不同方法的应用可行性。最后结合作者的思考,提出了叶轮机械颤振研究的重点方向。     

叶轮机周期性非定常流高效降阶数值计算方法研究进展

简要介绍了叶轮机内非定常流对叶轮机性能的重要影响,总结了叶轮机内动静相干和叶片振动诱发的非定常流的时空周期性特点,并指出这些时空周期性特点可以加以利用, 发展分析这些非定常流的高效降阶数值计算方法。本文根据不同数值降阶方法的特点对其进行了归类,详细分析了各自的优缺点及在气动弹性力学领域的应用,并进一步展望了降阶数值方法在未来的几个关键技术及发展趋势。     

流体拓扑优化方法及其在叶轮机械中的应用

相比于结构拓扑优化,流体拓扑优化的发展较为滞后。为了促进流体拓扑优化在叶轮机械领域的应用,根据公开资料中的研究成果,首先介绍了该方法的理论基础,包括优化问题数学模型、流动控制方程及求解方法、灵敏度分析技术、优化不稳定问题的预防措施及几何重构方法。然后总结归纳了流体拓扑优化在叶轮机械气动热力学领域的研究现状,通过对涡轮叶片内部冷却结构、涡轮叶片叶顶结构以及离心压气机弯道设计的描述,指出该方法的技术优势。研究表明,相比于传统形状和尺寸优化方法,拓扑优化具有更高的设计自由度,且突破了结构参数化的限制,有助于挖掘具有优良性能的新型结构。最后,对流体拓扑优化方法在未来叶轮机械设计中的发展进行了展望。     

Discretized Miller approach to assess effects on boundary layer ingestion induced distortion

The performance of propulsion configurations with boundary layer ingestion (BLI) is affected to a large extent by the level of distortion in the inlet flow field. Through flow methods and parallel compressor have been used in the past to calculate the effects of this aerodynamic inte-gration issue on the fan performance;however high-fidelity through flow methods are computation-ally expensive, which limits their use at preliminary design stage. On the other hand, parallel compressor has been developed to assess only circumferential distortion. This paper introduces a discretized semi-empirical performance method, which uses empirical correlations for blade and performance calculations. This tool discretizes the inlet region in radial and circumferential direc-tions enabling the assessment of deterioration in fan performance caused by the combined effect of both distortion patterns. This paper initially studies the accuracy and suitability of the semi-empirical discretized method by comparing its predictions with CFD and experimental data for a baseline case working under distorted and undistorted conditions. Then a test case is examined, which corresponds to the propulsor fan of a distributed propulsion system with BLI. The results obtained from the validation study show a good agreement with the experimental and CFD results under design point conditions.