飞机导管数字化生产线探讨

介绍了国内外飞机导管制造技术的现状。参考国外飞机导管数字化生产的先进经验,结合国内实际情况,提出了实现导管数字化生产线总体设想方案。在导管CATIA数据转换、智能工艺性审查、三维弯曲仿真、数控弯管、组合夹具设计与制造、导管数控测量、系统集成等方面提出了切实可行的实施途径。     

Cf/Al复合材料管件的真空液相成型工艺研究

以高模高强碳纤维M40J(6K)增强铝基复合管为研究对象，研究了真空反压液相浸渗工艺中，纤维束丝分散技术、预制件压缩强度提高技术及碳纤维涂层对管件成型及性能的影响。结果表明：SiCp可以起分散作用，有利于浸渍；加入10％的偏磷酸盐的预制件经680℃真空去胶后的压缩性能满足浸渗要求，纤维保持了较好的平直度且分布均匀。C-Al2O3涂层对复合材料的性能有较大影响，经涂层处理后的预制件所制备出的复合材料的强度比未经涂层处理的提高了13％左右。所制备的复合材料的比强度、比模量较高，密度小于2．5g／cm^3。     

Effect of tube-electrode inner diameter on electrochemical discharge machining of nickel-based superalloy

Nickel-based superalloys are widely employed in modern aircraft engines because of their excellent material characteristics, particularly in the fabrication of film cooling holes. How-ever, the high machining requirement of a large number of film cooling holes can be extremely chal-lenging. The hybrid machining technique of tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling (TEHECDD) has been considered as a promising method for the production of film cooling holes. Compared with any single machining process, this hybrid technique requires the removal of more complex machining by-products, including debris produced in the electrical discharge machin-ing process and hydroxide and bubbles generated in the electrochemical machining process. These by-products significantly affect the machining efficiency and surface quality of the machined prod-ucts. In this study, tube electrodes in different inner diameters are designed and fabricated, and the effects of inner diameter on the machining efficiency and surface quality of TEHECDD are inves-tigated. The results show that larger inner diameters could effectively improve the flushing condi-tion and facilitate the removal of machining by-products. Therefore, higher material removal efficiency, surface quality, and electrode wear rate could be achieved by increasing the inner diam-eter of the tube electrode.     

Plastic deformation analysis and forming quality prediction of tube NC bending

Plane strain assumption and exponent hardening law are used to investigate the plastic deformation in tube bending. Some theoretical formulae including stress, curvature radius of neu-tral layer, angle of neutral layer deviation, bending moment, wall thickness variation and cross-section distortion, are developed to explain the phenomena in tube bending and their magnitudes are also determined. During unloading process, the springback angle is deduced using the virtual work principle, and springback radius is also given according to the length of the neutral layer which remains unchanged before and after springback. The theoretical formulae are validated by the experimental results or the validated simulation results in literature, which can be used to quickly predict the forming quality of tube numerical control (NC) bending.     

CATIA软件Tubing Design模块应用研究

本文系统研究了CATIA软件Tubing Design模块,建立了直升机基于特征的零部件库的建库方法及组织架构,确定了直升机管路系统设计、协同设计的一般原则.针对工程实际,提出了管路设计过程中零部件装配不必严格采用摆放规则的原则以及软管建模的新方法.     

Zukauskas关系式用于微细管式预冷器适用性的评价与分析

为研究Zukauskas关联式在计算微细换热管束管外换热特性上的适用性,本文利用数值分析方法,在分析空气横掠微细管束换热特性基础上,发现空气横掠管束入口几排换热管的换热尤为强烈,温降过程沿着流动方向呈现由急变缓的特点,剧烈的温度变化造成Zukauskas关联式按照一般均物性方法计算时,计算结果偏高27%以上;对比分析可知,过于剧烈的温度变化使基于换热管束整体给出的对数平均温差作为平均换热温差的处理方法不再适用;根据空气温度变化的特点,按照流动方向将换热区域分成若干部分,再分别利用Zukauskas关联式计算,预测精度得到了极大改善,当换热区域划分成12部分时,平均计算偏差降为了5.8%,鉴于此,在计算骤冷条件下气体横掠管束换热特性时,建议采用适当的分区方法进行计算。     

SABRE预冷器结构参数对其性能影响的数值分析

预冷器作为SABRE系统中的核心部件之一,其性能决定了SABRE空气预冷效果。本文利用数值分析方法研究了预冷器外形几何参数和传热管排管紧凑度对其流动和换热特性的影响,结果表明,在工作热工参数范围内,两者对预冷器换热特性影响较小,换热功率相对变化小于7.2%,但对壳侧空气流动阻力影响很大,阻力压降最大可增加2倍以上;减小预冷器轴向高度、增加径向尺寸均有利于提高预冷器的综合性能;通过适当调整传热管束的排管紧凑程度,使预冷器的壳侧空气流动阻力压降满足设计要求。     

CATIA Tubing Design模块客户化研究

采用CATIA Tubing Design模块进行管路设计必须按设计标准进行客户化定制.研究了CATIA Tubing Design模块客户化定制的方法,包括项目定制、系统文件定制及管路零部件库定制.研究了管路零部件端头属性的兼容性规则及零部件的自动摆放规则,以实现管路零部件自动摆放；阐述了直硬管、弯硬管及软管的建模方法.     

运载火箭增压输送系统补偿器接头内高压成形

采用外径161mm、壁厚1．5mm的不锈钢激光焊管进行了补偿器接头的内高压成形实验研究，对成形后零件进行了测量，分析了内凹缺陷产生的原因，重点研究了轴向进给量对成形质量的影响。研究表明：轴向进给量小，圆角成形困难，成形区壁厚减薄量大；轴向进给量大，有利于成形圆角，成形区壁厚减薄量小，但轴向进给量过大，容易形成内凹现象。当轴向进给量在21．5—22．8mm间，能够获得外形尺寸与最小壁厚均满足设计要求的零件。     

高流速时横掠管束的流动阻力特性实验研究

为了在空气流速很高的航空发动机外涵道中使用管式空-空换热器，用实验的方法研究了高流速时考虑压缩效应影响的椭圆管束和圆管束的流动阻力特性，并对二者进行了对比。结果表明：相同几何排列情况下，两种管束的阻力系数随雷诺数的变化趋势大体相同；但椭圆管束的阻力系数明显低于圆管的阻力系数。在实际使用中应首选椭圆管束结构形式。