基于解调分选的时分多址信号时/频差参数联合估计方法

针对TDMA多时隙信号不连续,通信时隙外噪声以及其它用户信号影响时/频差参数估计的问题,首先证明了多时隙多普勒频差信号具有相参性,指出多时隙信号在相关处理中能量是可以积累的;在此基础上,根据通信时隙外噪声、其它用户信号与特定用户信号在时域上的可分离特性,提出基于解调分选的TDMA时/频差参数估计方法,并推导分析了该方法的处理性能。试验结果表明,提出的方法可以实现TDMA信号中多用户信号的时/频差参数联合估计,可以有效降低通信时隙外噪声与其它用户信号对参数估计精度的影响。     

压电振子激励流场的数值模拟

为了得到多个压电振子的相干性和涡系之间相互干涉的流场信息,探索间距和相位差等因素对多个压电振子耦合流场的影响效果,本文对单个与多个压电振子的非定常流场特性进行了数值模拟研究.结果表明,压电振子振动时,流场中出现了速度涡区,单个振子的涡系发展最充分,流场中速度峰值达4m/s,三个振子的垂直方向作用范围最大,但速度峰值只有2.8m/s;振子振幅为A,振子间距在1A ～4A,流场掺混效果与振子间距成正比,有1/2相位差时流场掺混效果优于无相位差的情况;多个振子产生的耦合射流效果在适当的间距与相位差下好于单个振子产生的射流.     

Multi-input multi-output random vibration control using Tikhonov filter

Noises always disturb the control effect of an environment test especially in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. If the frequency response function matrices are ill-conditioned, the noises in the driving forces will be amplified and the response spectral lines may awfully exceed their tolerances. Most of the major biases between the response spectra and the reference spectra are pro-duced by the amplified noises. However, ordinary control algorithms can hardly reduce the level of noises. The influences of the noises on both the auto-and cross-power spectra are analyzed in this paper. As a conventional frequency domain method on the inverse problem, the Tikhonov filter is adopted in the environment test to suppress the exceeding spectral lines. By altering regularization parameters gradually, the auto-power spectra can be improved in a closed control loop. Instead of using the traditional way of selecting regularization parameters, we observe the coherence change to estimate noise eliminations. Incidentally, the requirement of coherence control can be realized. The errors of the phase are then studied and a phase control algorithm is introduced at the end as a sup-plement of cross-power spectra control. The Tikhonov filter and the proposed phase control algo-rithm are tested numerically and experimentally. The results show that the noises in the vicinity of lightly damped resonant peaks are more stubborn. The response spectra are able to be greatly improved by the combination of these two methods.     

单级风扇声模态相关性研究及其影响

航空发动机轮毂比的增加使得处于“截通”状态的管道声模态数目急剧增加,为了提高风扇管道宽频噪声模态识别及分解技术的准确性,就需要对管道声模态相关性进行分析研究。本文以一台单级低速轴流风扇实验台为实验对象,研究了单级风扇的模态相关性以及声场相关性。进一步结合参考传声器模态分解法和互相关模态分解法,对比了模态相关性对管道进口声功率级产生的影响。结果表明,管道模态相关性对入射声波影响较小,对反射声波影响较大。因此,在高精度模态分解实验中,有必要考虑到模态相关性,并采用更加合理的模态分解技术。     

An intelligent algorithm for coherent sound source localization based on a strong tracking filter

Background noise is inevitable when sensor arrays are used for aeroacoustic measurements in wind tunnels. The direct removal of background noise, however, would affect the measurement accuracy. In particular, the existing array signal processing algorithms are either invalid or inefficient for removing the noise that is coherent with the signal of interest. In this paper, an intelligent algorithm is developed to localize the coherent sound sources and background noise in real time by iteratively checking the collected data from the array. The proposed method can automatically adjust the suboptimal fading factor to extract useful information as much as possible in residual sequence. This algorithm is tested in simulations and then demonstrated in an experiment.Compared to the two existing methods, the results indicate that the new method has a good phase-shift tracking ability and rapid estimation-error convergence speed, and can achieve an acceptable performance even for low-cost acoustic sensors. Overall, the proposed method should assist array beamforming and hence benefit aeroacoustic measurement.     

机械类高职工程力学课程分层次教学的探讨与实践

从上世纪九十年代末至今，我国高等教育飞速发展，尤其是高等职业教育更是史无前列。通过分析新形势下高职学生的现状，总结多年机械类高职工程力学课分层次教学经验，使机械类高职工程力学课程教学走出一条应用特色之路，培养社会急需的复合型人才是行之有效的。     

TFM imaging of aeroengine casing ring forgings with curved surfaces using acoustic field threshold segmentation and vector coherence factor

The aeroengine casing ring forgings have complex cross-section shapes, when the conventional ultrasonic or phased array is applied to detect such curved surfaces, the inspection images always have low resolution and even artifacts due to the distortion of the wave beam. In this article, taking a type of aeroengine casing ring forging as an example, the Total Focusing Method (TFM) algorithms for curved surfaces are investigated. First, the Acoustic Field Threshold Segmentation (AFTS) algorithm is proposed to reduce background noise and data calculation. Furthermore, the Vector Coherence Factor (VCF) is adopted to improve the lateral resolution of the TFM imaging. Finally, a series of 0.8 mm diameter Side-Drilled Holes (SDHs) are machined below convex and concave surfaces of the specimen. The quantitative comparison of the detection images using the conventional TFM, AFTS-TFM, VCF-TFM, and AFTS-VCF-TFM is implemented in terms of data volume, imaging Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and defect echo width. The results show that compared with conventional TFM, the data volume of AFTS-VCF-TFM algorithm for convex and concave is decreased by 32.39% and 73.40%, respectively. Moreover, the average SNR of the AFTS-VCF-TFM is gained up to 40.0 dB, while the average 6 dB-drop echo width of defects is reduced to 0.74 mm.     

Comparative evaluation of five global gravity models over a part of the Bay of Bengal

Several global gravity models (GGMs) are freely available in the public domain, which can be utilised to study the earth's gravity field in almost every part of the globe. The present study compared the free-air gravity anomalies calculated from the five GGMs EGM2008, EIGEN6C4, GECO, XGM2019e_2159, and SGG-UGM-2 archived by the International Centre for Global Earth Models (ICGEM) with respect to shipborne gravity in the Bay of Bengal. The average correlation coefficient and covariance are ～ 96 % and ～ 450mGal². The mean difference between the shipborne and the modelled gravity is ? 5 mGal. Relatively higher amplitude gravity differences observed at the continental-oceanic transition, the 85°E and Ninetyeast ridges, and the western basin are possibly due to high gradient, dominant density contrasts, and rugged topography. The average standard deviation and root-mean-square-error (RMSE) of the differences are ～ 6.5 mGal and ～ 7.5 mGal. A significantly lower standard deviation and RMSE found for the models generated at higher degree/order compared to lower degree/order is due to diminishing omission error of the GGMs with increasing degrees of truncation. The spectral analysis and coherence estimation of the modelled gravity demonstrate excellent correspondence for anomalies wider than ～ 25 km. The agreement between anomaly amplitudes and shapes and calculated statistics indicates that the accuracy and resolution of the modelled gravity data are certainly good enough for regional-scale studies aiming to map Moho topography and mantle structures. However, the delineation of shorter wavelength features originating from the shallow-level basement/sedimentary might be uncertain and requires further validations. The present study confirms that all five models show promising results in terms of their accuracy and resolution. Moreover, the SGG-UGM-2 and XGM2019e_2159 models compare favourably with respect to the GECO, EIGEN6C4 and EGM2008 models in the Bay of Bengal.