考虑性能退化的航空发动机故障诊断量化评估

航空发动机全生命周期内的故障诊断一直是研究的热点,为保障航空发动机在性能退化条件下故障诊断算法的可靠性,对考虑性能退化的航空发动机进行故障可诊断性量化评估有着重要的意义。本文从状态量的可测量性以及最优观测器设计两个方面对退化状态下航空发动机的滑动窗口模型进行解耦处理。从故障可检测及可隔离两个方面对故障的可诊断性进行量化评估,以巴氏距离为量化标准,将量化评估问题转换为多元分布概率距离求解问题。同时,从故障空间的角度对故障可隔离性进行定义,剥离了参考故障模式的影响,将可隔离性转化为故障空间中故障模式的固有属性,并给出航空发动机故障可检测及可隔离的判据。仿真实验证明,本文所提出的方法可以在发动机性能退化条件下对控制系统传感器、执行机构故障以及发动机气路部件故障进行可诊断性量化评估。     

光助芬顿法处理苯酚废水研究

通过试验，本文确定了紫外光助芬顿法处理水中苯酚的最佳条件。采用紫外光助Fenton法处理浓度为10mg／L的苯酚废水，最佳条件为H2O2浓度为0．15mol／L；FeSO4浓度为0．015mol／L；pH=3．5左右。反应时间40min左右。并对其反应原理进行了初步探讨。     

GaN基白光LED电流加速老化特性研究

本文对三组Al2O3衬底上生长GaN基蓝光激发黄色荧光粉的白光LED进行了对比电流加速老化实验,老化电流分别是30 mA5、0 mA和70 mA。随着老化电流的增大,GaN基白光LED的光输出功率随时间的衰减速率相对较快;随老化时间的加长,30 mA电流驱动下,GaN基白光LED相对光谱中黄光比重先增加再减小。其原因归结为荧光粉受热降解导致转换量子效率降低和荧光粉本身对短波长的光散射共同作用的结果。最后计算出用于实验的白光LED寿命为457 h。     

复合材料层合板结构的广义强度准则

在试验研究的基础上,将复合材料层舍板看作一个"宏观各向异性板",提出了一种基于试验的复合材料层合板结构广义强度准则的二次完备表达式,并分析了表达式中各参数的试验求解方法.对3种典型铺层的层合板进行纵向拉伸、纵向压缩、横向拉伸、横向压缩、面内剪切等简单裁荷以及双向拉伸、拉剪组合(纵向、横向)等组合栽荷试验.给出了不同铺层形式下广义强度准则表达式中各项系数值.采用该强度准则预测复杂应力状态下的破坏应力与试验值吻合较好.     

质子辐照对防静电热控涂层导电性能影响

文章研究了质子辐照环境对两种防静电热控涂层（ITO/F46/Ag、ITO/OSR/Ag）导电性能的影响,质子总注量选取1×1015 p/cm2,并在不同质子注量下对试样表面电阻率进行了原位测量。试验发现,质子辐照下两种防静电热控涂层的表面电阻率均呈指数衰减趋势,且回至大气中出现明显的“恢复效应”。对涂层导电性能退化的微观机制进行了分析,并建立了相应导电性能演化规律的简化数学模型,可为新型涂层的研制提供理论依据。     

考虑服役微结构状态的镍基合金低周疲劳寿命预测方法

定向凝固/单晶镍基合金在服役过程中受高温、外载和时间的复杂影响会发生微结构退化,从而导致其低周疲劳性能降低.为了预测微结构退化镍基合金的低周疲劳寿命,探索材料微结构退化导致疲劳寿命缩短的机理,假定材料在标准热处理状态下承受更大载荷而不改变材料在给定载荷下的疲劳损伤机制和规律,基于连续损伤力学和应变能密度理论建立了考虑微...     

BLDC电机温度退化多段Wiener过程建模

无刷直流（BLDC）电机应用广泛,其温度退化过程呈现多段性,需建立多段退化模型,而模型参数较多时,参数估计过程对初始值敏感且易陷入局部最优。首先,针对电机的加速退化数据进行研究,采用正态加权平均（Gauss滤波）的方式滤波,改进实际数据在模型参数的估计中的应用。然后,引入转换函数对Wiener模型改进,建立多段Wiener模型。其次,以极大化似然函数进行参数估计,计算时采用改进粒子群优化（PSO）算法得到估计值,对比非线性模型的残差的正态性,同时分析各模型理论寿命分布及实际该批次失效分布,确定多段模型合理性;得到的模型结果说明电机在退化过程中发生了退化机理的改变,且变换速度快。最后,以非线性模型不同时刻的寿命分布给出该应力下电机的寿命预测,这对电机的预测与健康管理（PHM）有重要意义。      

A new modeling method of solar energetic proton events for ISO specification

Solar energetic protons degrade performance and reliability of spacecraft systems due to single-event effects, total dose effects and displacement damage in electronics components including solar cells. On designing a solar cell panel, a total fluence of solar energetic protons (SEPs) which cause solar cell damage is needed to estimate power loss of the solar cells over mission life. Nowadays a solar panel area of spacecraft is increasing as spacecraft mission life becomes longer (15–18 years). Thus an accurate SEP model is strongly required for the cost-minimum design from the aerospace industry. The SEP model, JPL-91 proposed by Feynman et al., is currently used widely for solar cell designing. However, it is known that the JPL-91 model predicts higher fluences of protons than values actually experienced in space, especially after 7 years on orbit. In addition, the model is based on several assumptions, and also needs Monte-Carlo simulations for calculating fluences. In this study, we propose a new method for modeling SEPs especially focused on solar cell degradation. The newly-proposed method is empirical, which constructs a model based directly upon proton flux measurement data taken by instruments onboard spacecraft. This method has neither assumptions nor dependence on SEP event selection, both of which are needed in JPL-91. The model fluences derived from this method show lower fluences in longer missions compared to JPL-91. This method has been proposed to ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and has been discussed for a new standard SEP model.     

旋转进气畸变对轴流压气机气动稳定性影响实验研究

利用RB-1995级高压压气机,实验研究了进口旋转总压畸变对其性能和气动稳定性的影响,获得了总压畸变的旋转频率对高压压气机喘振裕度损失的影响结果。结果表明:正转时,减少了压气机的喘振裕度,并且存在2个危险频率,出现损失峰值;反转时,对喘振裕度影响较小,甚至提高了压气机的喘振裕度。      

A multi-rate sensor fusion approach using information filters for estimating aero-engine performance degradation

Gas-path performance estimation plays an important role in aero-engine health management, and Kalman Filter(KF) is a well-known technique to estimate performance degradation. In previous studies, it is assumed that different kinds of sensors are with the same sampling rate, and they are used for state estimation by the KF simultaneously. However, it is hard to achieve state estimation using various kinds of sensor measurements at the same sampling rate due to a complex network and physical characteristic differences between sensors, especially in an advanced multisensor architecture. For this purpose, a multi-rate sensor fusion using the information filtering approach is proposed based on the square-root cubature rule, which is called Multi-rate Squareroot Cubature Information Filter(MSCIF) to track engine performance degradation. Soft measurement synchronization of the MSCIF is designed to provide a sensor fusion condition for multiple sampling rates of measurement, and a fault sensor is isolated by maximum likelihood validation before state estimation. The contribution of this paper is to supply a novel multi-rate informationfilter approach for sensor fault tolerant health estimation of an aero-engine in a multi-sensor system. Tests are conducted for aero-engine performance degradation estimation with multiple sampling rates of sensor measurement on both digital simulation and semi-physical experiment.Experimental results illustrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of degradation estimation accuracy and robustness to sensor failure in a multi-sensor system.