含缺陷轮盘失效概率分析流程与数值模拟

传统的涡轮盘寿命预测方法未考虑材料初始缺陷，因而无法对带缺陷轮盘进行较准确的寿命预测。本文以加工制造过程中产生的不同缺陷分布特征为基础，重点针对加工导致的孔表面缺陷以及与材料固有的表面、亚表面及内部缺陷，开展航空发动机涡轮盘的失效概率分析。考虑了初始缺陷、应力、检测时间、检测水平等多种随机性对涡轮盘失效概率的影响，建立了含缺陷涡轮盘的失效概率分析流程。为提高计算效率，对轮盘固有缺陷的分析方法进行改进，对轮盘重新分区，并将表层细分为表面、亚表面、内部三部分分别进行计算。通过编写C++程序分析并验证了含缺陷轮盘失效概率分析方法的可行性，获得的结论具有工程应用参考价值。本文方法在满足一定精度的同时具有较高的计算效率，并对应力水平、检测时间的分散性和模拟次数等对失效概率的影响进行了讨论。     

Damage localization effects of the regeneratively-cooled thrust chamber wall in LOX/methane rocket engines

To investigate the damage localization effects of the thrust chamber wall caused by combustions in LOX/methane rocket engines, a fluid-structural coupling computational methodology with a multi-channel model is developed to obtain 3-demensioanl thermal and structural responses. Heat and mechanical loads are calculated by a validated finite volume fluid-thermal coupling numerical method considering non-premixed combustion processes of propellants. The methodology is subsequently performed on an LOX/methane thrust chamber under cyclic operation. Results show that the heat loads of the thrust chamber wall are apparently non-uniform in the circumferential direction. There are noticeable disparities between different cooling channels in terms of temperature and strain distributions at the end of the hot run phase, which in turn leads to different temperature ranges, strain ranges, and residual strains during one cycle. With the work cycle proceeding, the circumferential localization effect of the residual strain would be significantly enhanced. A post-processing damage analysis reveals that the low-cycle fatigue damage accumulated in each cycle is almost unchanged, while the quasi static damage accumulated in a considered cycle declines until stabilized after several cycles. The maximum discrepancy of the predicted lives between different cooling channels is about 30%.     

弹靶作用过程中陶瓷基复合材料的表面驻留行为

为提高陶瓷基复合材料在轻质装甲结构设计中应用的可行性,研究陶瓷基复合材料在抵抗弹体撞击时的表面驻留性能,进而探索其抗弹性能,旨在丰富和完善陶瓷基复合装甲材料的抗弹机理。采用数模模拟方法对弹体撞击SiC-Al陶瓷基复合材料表面驻留过程开展了深入研究,探索了复合材料的表面驻留行为,对比分析了复合材料和陶瓷材料表面驻留过程中应力水平和损伤演化过程。结果表明:复合材料表面驻留耗能为845J,比B_4C、SiC、AD99Al_2O_3陶瓷材料分别提高约46.0%、30.2%、35.7%;完全损伤的复合材料仍具有较一般陶瓷材料更高的承载能力,延长其驻留持续时间;复合材料损伤演化形式与陶瓷材料差异较大,导致损伤耗能占总驻留耗能的比例达到23.9%,比陶瓷材料提高了2倍多。     

基于特征曲线法的CFRP干涉连接结构损伤萌生及扩展分析

干涉连接是航空复合材料结构件的主要连接方式,然而不恰当的干涉量会导致孔周围区域产生损伤,从而严重影响整个连接结构的静强度和疲劳强度。分析了干涉连接过程连接板的受力形式,建立了基于干涉量的孔边应力分布模型。在此基础上,结合Yamada准则建立了孔边损伤萌生模型,利用特征曲线法界定了材料损伤区域传播的极限位置;其次,针对CFRP材料(碳纤维增强复合材料)的特点,利用ABAQUS软件对干涉连接过程损伤的萌生及扩展进行仿真模拟;最后,对不同孔径不同干涉量条件下的损伤萌生和损伤扩展结果进行对比分析,验证了损伤萌生模型的准确性。     

复合固体推进剂损伤演化的声发射检测

导出了复合固体推进剂材料声发射(AE)累积能量与裂纹扩展间的线性关系,建立了基于声发射累积能量的损伤演化模型.单轴拉伸声发射实验结果验证了该演化模型的正确性,可用于复合固体推进剂材料损伤的研究.     

含损伤复合材料层合板剩余压缩强度研究进展

综述了含损伤复合材料层合板剩余压缩强度的研究进展,重点介绍受低速冲击后复合材料层合板的剩余压缩强度问题,主要包括:(1)层合板压缩失效的损伤特征及损伤状态表征;(2)层合板压缩试验研究;(3)损伤模型分析及失效分析;(4)研究展望.     

Multi-objective optimization of different dome reinforcement methods for composite cases

A multi-objective optimization method was proposed for different dome reinforcement methods of a filament-wound solid rocket motor composite case based on a Radial Basis Function (RBF) model. Progressive damage of the composite case was considered in a simulation based on Hashin failure criteria, and simulation results were validated by hydraulic burst tests to precisely predict the failure mode, failure position, and burst pressure. An RBF surrogate model was established and evaluated by Relative Average Absolute Error (RAAE), Relative Maximum Absolute Error (RMAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R² methods to improve the optimization efficient of dome reinforcement. In addition, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) was employed to establish multi-objective optimization models of variable-angle and variable-polar-radius dome reinforcements to investigate the coupling effect of the reinforcement angle, reinforcement layers, and reinforcement range on the case performance. Optimal reinforcement parameters were obtained and used to establish a progressive damage model of the composite case with dome reinforcement. In accordance with progressive damage analysis, the burst pressure and performance factor were obtained. Results illustrated that variable-angle dome reinforcement was the optimal reinforcement method compared with variable-polar-radius dome reinforcement as it could not only ensure the reinforcement angle’s continuous changing but also decrease the mass of composite materials. Compared with the unreinforced case, the reinforced case exhibited an increase in the burst pressure and performance factor of 36.1% and 23.5%, respectively.     

Thermal-structural response and low-cycle fatigue damage of channel wall nozzle

To investigate the thermo-mechanical response of channel wall nozzle under cyclic working loads,the fnite volume fluid-thermal coupling calculation method and the fnite element thermal-structural coupling analysis technique are applied.In combination with the material lowcycle fatigue behavior,the modifed continuous damage model on the basics of local strain approach is adopted to analyze the fatigue damage distribution and accumulation with increasing nozzle work cycles.Simulation results have shown that the variation of the non-uniform temperature distribution of channel wall nozzle during cyclic work plays a signifcant role in the thermal-structural response by altering the material properties;the thermal-mechanical loads interaction results in serious deformation mainly in the front region of slotted liner.In particular,the maximal cyclic strains appear in the intersecting regions of liner gas side wall and symmetric planes of channel and rib,where the fatigue failure takes place initially;with the increase in nozzle work cycles,the residual plastic strain accumulates linearly,and the strain amplitude and increment in each work cycle are separately equal,but the fatigue damage grows up nonlinearly.As a result,a simplifed nonlinear damage accumulation approach has been suggested to estimate the fatigue service life of channel wall nozzle.The predicted node life is obviously conservative to the Miner＇s life.In addition,several workable methods have also been proposed to improve the channel wall nozzle durability.     

SiCp / Al 复合材料低损伤磨削制孔工艺研究

采用研制的椎4 mm 金刚石磨料刀具,研究SiCp / Al 复合材料磨削制孔过程中工艺参数对轴向力和

孔质量的影响规律。结果表明:刀具转速高于6 000 r/ min、进给速度为5 mm/ min 时,可以获得较好的制孔质量。

     

The 1972 Liability Convention: time for revision?

The 1972 Liability Convention is an example of the interaction of international policy, international relations and economy. It helps define liability for damage caused by space objects. However, with more and more space activities taking place on a daily basis, along with the trend towards commercialization, the continued application of the Convention faces severe challenges. Consequently, a serious review of the Convention is needed after more than 30 years of its existence. With possible revision the Convention would offer clear guidelines for decision makers to decide cases in a rational way best suited to the development of space operations.