Computational engineering analysis of external geometrical modifications on MQ-1 unmanned combat aerial vehicle

This paper focuses on the effects of external geometrical modifications on the aerodynamic characteristics of the MQ-1 predator Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) using computational fluid dynamics. The investigations are performed for 16 flight conditions at an altitude of 7.6 km and at a constant speed of 56.32 m/s. Two models are analysed, namely the baseline model and the model with external geometrical modifications installed on it. Both the models are investigated for various angles of attack from −4° to 16°, angles of bank from 0° to 6° and angles of yaw from 0° to 4°. Due to the unavailability of any experimental (wind tunnel or flight test) data for this UCAV in the literature, a thorough verification of calculations process is presented to demonstrate confidence level in the numerical simulations. The analysis quantifies the loss of lift and increase in drag for the modified version of the MQ-1 predator UCAV along with the identification of stall conditions. Local improvement (in drag) of up to 96% has been obtained by relocating external modifications, whereas global drag force reduction of roughly 0.5% is observed. The effects of external geometrical modifications on the control surfaces indicate the blanking phenomenon and reduction in forces on the control surfaces that can reduce the aerodynamic performance of the UCAV.     

Mapping lunar surface chemistry: New prospects with the Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS)

Surface chemistry of airless bodies in the solar system can be derived from remote X-ray spectral measurements from an orbiting spacecraft. X-rays from planetary surfaces are excited primarily by solar X-rays. Several experiments in the past have used this technique of X-ray fluorescence for deriving abundances of the major rock forming elements. The Chandrayaan-2 orbiter carries an X-ray fluorescence experiment named CLASS that is designed based on results from its predecessor C1XS flown on Chandrayaan-1. We discuss the new aspects of lunar science that can be potentially achieved with CLASS.     

通信导航融合定位技术发展综述

详细分析了蓝牙、Wi-Fi、超宽带、移动通信网络等多种无线网络通信导航融合定位技术的发展现状,并阐述了其面临的挑战,提出了多网融合方法可以提升室内无缝高精度位置服务的可靠性。利用5G移动通信网络,与北斗/GNSS卫星导航系统结合,可以实现相互增强。最后,从天地一体定位导航与授时体系和仿生通信定位导航两方面介绍了通信导航融合定位技术的未来发展趋势。     

高能合成煤油GN-1性能研究 --“液体火箭推进”专刊

结合火箭发动机工程应用环境,研究了GN-1煤油高温高压热物性、安全特性、传热结焦性能以及点火延迟性能,并和现役火箭煤油作了对比分析。采用商业仪器对GN-1煤油在最高200℃、最高压力25MPa范围内的密度、黏度、定压比热容、导热系数、表面张力进行了实验测量。在实验数据的基础上,依据基团贡献法、基于比容平移法则的P-R方程、摩擦理论、广义对应态原理分别对GN-1煤油在最高350℃、最高压力60MPa范围内的密度、黏度、定压比热容、导热系数、表面张力进行了理论计算,建立了GN-1煤油的密度方程、黏度方程、导热系数方程,并将方程的计算值与实验值进行了对比,计算偏差较小。对GN-1煤油和火箭煤油的安全性能进行对比研究,GN-1煤油的闪点为40℃,自燃温度为305℃,高于火箭煤油(225℃);燃点为47℃,低于火箭煤油(82℃),GN-1煤油的爆炸极限范围为0.44%-2.9%（40℃）。GN-1煤油和火箭煤油的急性经口毒性LD50＞5000mg/kg,均属于第五级化合物（实际无毒）。在入口压力10 MPa,流速10 m·s-1,内壁温480℃条件下,GN-1煤油的传热系数比火箭煤油提高14.4%,建立了传热准则方程。GN-1煤油出口油温220℃时试验段平均结焦速率是出口油温150℃时的4.43倍,GN-1煤油不锈钢材质管路中试验段平均结焦为高合管材质管路中的22.3%。在970K-1105K温度范围内,GN-1煤油的点火延迟时间为320μs-471μs,是火箭煤油的55.6%-69.3%。相关研究可对发动机可靠设计及应用提供重要参考。     

“高分一号”卫星遥感成像特性

“高分一号”（GF-1）卫星是中国高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项的首发星。为保证广大用户更好地应用该卫星数据,文章从卫星轨道特性、观测与接收、成像几何特性、时间特性等方面,论述了该卫星的区域连片覆盖、谱段时相对齐和辅助数据应用的结果。给出了 GF-1卫星构像方程所需要成像时刻、GPS 定位、星敏定姿数据的插值实例,基于卫星设计角度阐述了面向应用的 GF-1卫星遥感成像及处理特性。     

高精度UT1-UTC差分预报方法研究

针对卫星导航所需的高精度地球定向参数(EOP)中的UT1-UTC预报问题,提出了基于双差分LS+AR的UT1-UTC参数预报方法。对UT1-UTC观测数据进行跳秒检测、固体地球带谐潮汐项改正,然后对改正后的UT1-UTC数据进行双差分处理,增强数据平稳性;采用最小二乘拟合(LS)与自回归(AR)分析方法对差分处理后的数据进行分析与预报;对预报结果进行逆差分处理与潮汐项改正外推、跳秒恢复,获取高精度的UT1-UTC预报值。通过与国际EOP_PCC预报结果对比表明,UT1-UTC短期预报精度与EOP_PCC较优的预报精度相当,其中1天UT1-UTC预报精度优于0.03ms,优于EOP_PCC预报结果。介绍了北京航天飞行控制中心的UT1-UTC每日例行预报情况。     

Observations of non-migrating tides and ionospheric perturbations of O(D) airglow by ISUAL instrument

In this paper, we present the spatial variations of O(¹D) airglow observed by the ISUAL (Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning) instrument on board the FORMOSAT-2 satellite. With a CCD camera and a 630 nm filter, ISUAL can measure global atmospheric emissions lying between the heights of 80 and 300 km. In days of 3–6 September 2008 and 25–27 February 2009, ISUAL has measured the emissions of O(¹D) airglow with results showing strong longitudinal peak-3 and peak-4 structures. The Lomb-Scargle analyses for these two cases show periods of longitudes of 120° and 90° supporting the DE2 and DE3 non-migrating tides. The 630 nm emissions are enhanced in equatorial regions and are lying along the equator. Over Africa its intensity can sometimes increase up to 80% relative to other longitudes. The perturbation is so strong that non-migrating tides are erased. A case of bimodal distribution with strong emissions at latitudes in equator and mid-latitude in geographic coordinates was observed.     

A Revisit of the Phobos Events

The magnetic field disturbances detected by the Phobos-2 spacecraft in 1989 have been suggested to be caused by a ring of dust and/or gas emitted from the Martian moon, Phobos. The physical nature of these ``Phobos events' is examined using results from related investigations over the last twenty years. It is concluded that there is no clear evidence at present to support the association of magnetic field disturbances in the solar wind with Phobos. The situation will be further clarified taking advantage of the multi-spacecraft observations of the Yinghuo-1(YH-1), Mars Express and MAVEN missions beginning in 2012. It is expected that many novel features of solar wind interaction with Phobos (and possibly also Deimos) itself will also be revealed.      

GARMIN G1000系统维修平台设计

在分析GARMIN G1000系统结构及其内部总线规范的基础上,设计出一套集测试、诊断、维修于一体的GARMIN G1000系统维修平台,包括系统硬件设计、软件设计等。硬件设计主要包括信号模拟机、系统选择面板、信号转换模块和主控计算机等设备的设计。软件设计包括功能软件、测试软件、公用软件及数据库和帮助文档的设计与实现。实践证明该平台具有强大的故障诊断功能和良好的可扩展性,可用于G1000系统的部件测试维修工作。     

深空探测器被动式高精度多普勒测量方法与应用

针对深空探测器的单程多普勒测量需求,研究了被动式高精度多普勒测量方法及其实现技术。该方法基于探测器测控信标残留载波等点频信号和VLBI测站高精度氢原子钟频标,构造出与实际接收信号频率接近的参考信号;再通过本地相关处理,完成高精度开环多普勒测量。其特色在于完全不需要精确的先验轨道模型。所开发的专用被动式多普勒测量设备,在国内第一次成功用于欧空局环火星探测器“MEX”的多普勒测定轨试验。探测器X频段信号5s积分的单程多普勒测量精度达到 0.2mm/s ,与欧空局测量水平相当。采用该多普勒测量数据的MEX定轨结果与欧空局精密轨道在数百米至千米量级一致。