Numerical simulations of a continuously injected relativistic electron beam relaxation into a plasma with large-scale density gradients

In this paper the influence of large-scale decreasing and increasing gradients of the density of magnetized plasma on the relaxation process of a continuously injected relativistic electron beam with an energy of 660 keV ($v_b=0.9c$) and a pitch-angle distribution is studied using particle-in-cell numerical simulations. It is found that for the selected parameters in the case of a smoothly decreasing gradient and in a homogeneous plasma the formation of spatially limited plasma oscillations of large amplitude occurs. In such cases, modulation instability develops and a long-wave longitudinal modulation of the ion density is formed. In addition, the large amplitude of plasma waves accelerates plasma electrons to energies on the order of the beam energy. In the case of increasing and sharply decreasing gradients, a significant decrease in the amplitude of plasma oscillations and the formation of a turbulent ion density spectrum are observed. The possibility of acceleration of beam electrons to energies more than 2 times higher than the initial energy of the beam particles is also demonstrated. This process takes place not only during beam propagation in growing plasma density, but also in homogeneous plasma due to interaction of beam particles with plasma oscillations of large amplitude.     

基于N-dot的涡扇发动机加速控制器设计

针对双转子民用涡扇发动机,进行基于转子加速度的加速控制器设计研究。采用常规的PI控制器结构,针对结构中所需的转子加速度指令,给出了1种满足要求的设计方法,并将PI控制参数的求解过程转化为带约束的非线性优化问题,利用模式搜索算法求解。构建包含稳态控制器和加速控制器的涡扇发动机闭环控制回路,进行加速过程仿真测试。结果表明:所设计的加速控制器满足涡扇发动机加速过程的性能要求,对于工程设计与应用具有一定的参考价值。