涡轮叶片表面气膜冷却效率的实验研究

采用放大的叶片模型，利用大尺寸低速线性叶栅风洞进行实验，测量了涡轮导向叶片表面不同位置单排气膜孔的气膜冷却效率，研究了孔排位置、吹风比及来流雷诺数的影响。风洞实验段由3个叶片组成，其中中间的叶片为试验叶片，由优质木材制成。试验叶片表面上开有15排气膜孔，其中吸力面3排，前缘区6排，压力面6排。实验的参数变化范围是：基于叶片弦长的来流雷诺数250000-450000，吹风比0．5-2．5。结果表明，由于气膜孔排位置的不同，其下游冷却效率受来流雷诺数及吹风比影响的变化趋势也有所不同。     

旋转对管内流体流动的影响

本文描述了旋转管流的基本运动方程。在笛卡尔坐标系和柱坐标系中,针对两种基本的几何流动,推导出旋转情况下管内的流动方程,定义了影响旋转管流的流动和换热的两个无量纲准则数J和Ra,分析了二次流产生的原因,从而说明旋转对流动的影响以及旋转管流的运动特征。     

用于机载大功率电子设备的新型液冷环控系统的研究

为了解决我国飞机大功率、高热流密度机载电子设备的冷却问题，本文提出了由制冷、冷却液循环、测量与控制等子系统组成的新型飞机液冷环控系统，阐述了冷却液的配制、系统多参数优化设计、冷板流阻特性曲线的准确模拟、机载电子设备发热模拟装置和建设全系统综合试验台等关键问题。分别完成了冷板换热器Q—p曲线测试、液冷系统流量分配试验、限流环尺寸确定试验和飞行环境下液冷系统性能模拟试验。研究表明，本系统是一种适用于高热流密度下机械电子设备经济的、高效的液冷环控系统。     

面向绿色制造的高效冷却技术及其试验

绿色制造和高效加工是21世纪先进制造业的必然趋势,为实现绿色高效加工,本文提出了一种新型的绿色高效冷却技术——低温气动喷雾射流冲击冷却技术,通过低温气流运载少量冷却液以喷雾射流冲击的形式到达加工区实现强化换热,将加工区的换热水平提高到一个全新的水平.瞬态实验结果表明,在射流速度40 m/s、靶距10 mm的射流条件下,这种冷却方式可提供的临界热流密度高达60W/mm^2,相对于磨削发生烧伤的临界热流密度提高了6倍以上.     

逆升压电子设备冷却系统的微机控制

逆升压电子设备冷却系统具有两种冷却方式─—冲压空气冷却方式和空气循环冷却方式，必须要有一套控制机构来自动选择系统的冷却方式。文中分析了以往的机械传动控制方法和基于三点温度的微机控制方法，并指出这两种控制方法的缺点。最后提出一种新的基于飞行高度及马赫数的微机控制方法。     

穿透式冷板的传热分析

对航空电子设备上采用的空心冷板冷却系统的传热特性进行了分析求解，得到了空心冷板稳态温度分布表达工和功率－温度－流量关系式，可作为空心冷板系统的设计依据，建立了空心冷板失效的动态温度模型，得到的温度－时间响应特性可用于评估冷板系统耐热冲击性能。     

Thermal-structural analysis of regenerativelycooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX/Methane rocket engines

To predict the thermal and structural responses of the thrust chamber wall under cyclic work,a 3-D fluid-structural coupling computational methodology is developed.The thermal and mechanical loads are determined by a validated 3-D finite volume fluid-thermal coupling computational method.With the specified loads,the nonlinear thermal-structural finite element analysis is applied to obtaining the 3-D thermal and structural responses.The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model calibrated by experimental data is adopted to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of the inner wall.The methodology is further applied to the thrust chamber of LOX/Methane rocket engines.The results show that both the maximum temperature at hot run phase and the maximum circumferential residual strain of the inner wall appear at the convergent part of the chamber.Struc tural analysis for multiple work cycles reveals that the failure of the inner wall may be controlled by the low-cycle fatigue when the Chaboche model parameter γ3 =0,and the damage caused by the thermal-mechanical ratcheting of the inner wall cannot be ignored when γ3 ＞ 0.The results of sen sitivity analysis indicate that mechanical loads have a strong influence on the strains in the inner wall.     

Numerical simulations of water spray on flame deflector during the four-engine rocket launching

This paper aims to study on the cooling effect with two types of water spray nozzle on the flame deflector during the four-engine launch vehicle take-off. To accurately simulate the two-phase flow of the rocket gas with multispecies and the water spray, the three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations, discrete ordinates methods and realizable k-Ɛ turbulence model are used to establish the rocket supersonic plumes impact model. The Eulerian dispersed phase (EDP) model was used to simulate the water spray into the exhaust gas. The accuracy and effectiveness of the gas-liquid flow model are verified by a good agreement between simulation results and experimental data. On this basis, a series of numerical simulation studies under different water injection position are performed. The results show that the high temperature regions, along the axis of engines on the deflector plate, have no significant temperature decreasing effect by water spray from the nozzles mounted on the apex of the deflector, and the high temperature converts a large quantity of water into vapor near the plume boundary, which would decrease the flow conductivity. With the cooling spray nozzle fixed directly to the deflector plate, the temperature decrease effect is obvious and the effect of thermal shock on deflector plate induced by exhaust plume is reduced, so that it can prevent the flame deflector from thermal ablation. The study results provide indepth information and engineering guidance for designing the water spray systems and increasing the safety of the launch process.     

高主流湍流度下密度比对涡轮导叶全气膜冷却特性的影响

为了研究高主流湍流度下二次流密度比对涡轮导叶全气膜冷却特性的影响,使用热色液晶测量了在主流湍流度为15%,二次流密度比为1.0和1.5下三维涡轮导叶的气膜冷却效率和换热系数。二次流与主流质量流量比为7.0%和12.5%。结果表明:二次流密度比增大可以降低冷气射流的动量,小流量比工况下,在叶片前缘和压力面前半段,动量较低的二次流在高主流湍流度的影响下更易耗散,增大二次流密度比使冷却效率明显降低;大流量比工况下,二次流动量降低使气膜孔后区域冷气贴附性增强,气膜冷却效率和冷气覆盖效果均得到提升。小流量比工况下,二次流密度比增大对叶片表面换热的影响较小;大流量比工况下,二次流密度比增大使吸力面中弦区域和压力面后半段的平均换热系数比分别降低15%和25%。     

无沸腾区机载喷雾冷却实验关联式研究

主要开展4种不同结构热沉表面无沸腾区机载喷雾冷却实验关联式的研究.在总结前人工作经验并搭建实验台完成实验的基础上,提出了影响喷雾冷却性能的4个无量纲参数,且通过实验数据处理得到各个热沉表面的努塞尔数无量纲关联式.给出的光滑热沉表面实验关联式的预测值与实验值偏差在±8.5%以内,并分析了各个量纲对实验关联式精度的影响.对于钻孔表面,引入传热强化系数对关联式进行修正,使得关联式的预测值能够落在偏差±15%内.另外单独给出了槽道热沉表面的实验关联式,该关联式不受槽道结构及数量的影响,且适用于水、盐类及醇类溶液.