环形射流喷口位置对激波聚焦起爆的影响分析

为了研究环形射流喷口位置对激波聚焦起爆爆震的影响,以氢气和空气混合物为例,对不同环形射流喷口位置条件下的激波聚焦起爆过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,随着喷口距凹壁面距离L增大,直接聚焦起爆和凹壁面反射起爆所需的临界入射压力逐渐增大,相应的聚焦时刻会滞后,形成焦点的位置距凹壁面越远。     

脉冲爆震火箭发动机高频实验研究

为了研究脉冲爆震发动机的高频工作特性,以航空煤油和压缩氧气为推进剂,采用爆震增强装置,增大推进剂供给压力以及增大电磁阀控制气压力等措施,在脉冲爆震火箭发动机模型上进行了实验,成功获得45Hz时的爆震压力波形。实验结果表明,频率增高,爆震波峰值压力下降,有利于加速缓燃向爆震的转变(Defla-gration to Detonation Transition,DDT)。当爆震充分发展时,爆震波波速基本不变,峰值压力上升时间趋于定值。工作频率为45 Hz时,爆震波峰值的压力为3.2 MPa,爆震波的波速为1 715.5m/s。     

径向进气多管脉冲爆震发动机设计

为了缩短脉冲爆震发动机工作过程中混气充填时间,采用旋转筒控制爆震室径向进气,设计了结构更为合理的多爆震室PDE试验原型机。该原型机可以在较短时间内完成爆震室的混气充填,为热态爆震燃烧过程留出更充裕的时间,对提高PDE工作频率和整机性能有促进作用。     

两相脉冲爆轰发动机尾喷管的实验研究

为了提高脉冲爆轰发动机的推进性能,实验研究了12种不同构型尾喷管对火箭式两相脉冲爆轰发动机爆轰特性和推进性能的影响,并对各类尾喷管的增推原因进行分析。结果表明满填充工况下各类喷管内的爆轰特性不尽相同,收敛喷管可得到最大压力峰值;在满填充工况下频率为10Hz时12种喷管构型中拉伐尔喷管的推力增益最大,塞式收敛扩张喷管其次;拉伐尔喷管的出口面积比对推力增益有较大影响,但收敛段-扩张段长度比对推力增益影响甚微。     

Spectral analysis and self-adjusting mechanism for oscillation phenomenon in hydrogen-oxygen continuously rotating detonation engine

The continuously rotating detonation engine(CRDE)is a new concept of engines for aircraft and spacecraft.Quasi-stable continuously rotating detonation(CRD)can be observed in an annular combustion chamber,but the sustaining,stabilizing and adjusting mechanisms are not yet clear.To learn more deeply into the CRDE,experimental studies have been carried out to investigate hydrogen-oxygen CRDE.Pressure histories are obtained during each shot,which show that stable CRD waves are generated in the combustor,when feeding pressures are higher than 0.5 MPa for fuel and oxidizer,respectively.Each shot can keep running as long as fresh gas feeding maintains.Close-up of the pressure history shows the repeatability of pressure peaks and indicates the detonation velocity in hydrogen–oxygen CRD,which proves the success of forming a stable CRD in the annular chamber.Spectrum of the pressure history matches the close-up analysis and confirms the CRD.It also shows multi-wave phenomenon and affirms the fact that in this case a single detonation wave is rotating in the annulus.Moreover,oscillation phenomenon is found in pressure peaks and a self-adjusting mechanism is proposed to explain the phenomenon.     

Hydrodynamic instabilities and transverse waves in propagation mechanism of gaseous detonations

The present study examines the role of transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities mainly, Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) in detonation structure using two-dimensional high-resolution numerical simulations of Euler equations. To compare the numerical results with those of experiments, Navier–Stokes simulations are also performed by utilizing the effect of diffusion in highly irregular detonations. Results for both moderate and low activation energy mixtures reveal that upon collision of two triple points a pair of forward and backward facing jets is formed. As the jets spread, they undergo Richtmyer–Meshkov instability. The drastic growth of the forward jet found to have profound role in re-acceleration of the detonation wave at the end of a detonation cell cycle. For irregular detonations, the transverse waves found to have substantial role in propagation mechanism of such detonations. In regular detonations, the lead shock ignites all the gases passing through it, hence, the transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities do not play crucial role in propagation mechanism of such regular detonations. In comparison with previous numerical simulations present simulation using single-step kinetics shows a distinct keystone-shaped region at the end of the detonation cell.     

Detonation waves induced by a confined wedge

An auto-ignition detonation phenomenon can be initiated by a wedge confined in a channel. A new, self-sustaining, normal detonation wave engine concept is proposed. The detonation processes were numerically modeled with a simplified two-dimensional wedged channel flow that was deemed to emulate a real three-dimensional configuration. The results showed that within certain ranges of incoming flow Mach number or wedge angle, detonation could be self ignited in the channel. The study furthermore investigated the detonation waves based on three different detonation initiation positions. Different configurations of the detonation waves were observed and analyzed. The performance of the different detonation wave configurations was estimated and compared.     

用于推进的驻定斜爆轰的基本特征

基于驻定斜爆轰的基本守恒方程、多组元状态方程和考虑化学平衡移动的组元守恒方程，根据本文推导的迭代公式，计算了不同强度的驻定爆轰波后的平衡组分、反应热和绝热指数，讨论了驻定斜爆轰的基本特点、驻定条件和影响驻定的各种因素。     

聚心火焰与诱导激波相互作用及爆燃转爆轰过程

基于带化学反应的二维轴对称Eu ler方程,利用带限制函数的波传播算法,在两端均敞开和一端封闭一端敞开的两种边界情况下,对圆柱型燃烧室中的氢气-空气预混气的聚心燃烧进行了数值模拟,探讨了聚心火焰引发爆轰过程中的波系结构以及火焰的变形。数值结果表明,在两端均敞开的情况下,燃烧诱导的激波在轴心、火焰和壁面之间来回反射,使火焰失稳,加速了火焰的燃烧,但没有转变成爆轰。而在一端封闭的情况下,封闭端反射产生的激波,不断穿越火焰,使火焰严重失稳,加剧了燃烧速度,最终导致爆轰的形成。稳定爆轰阵面的参数与CJ理论计算的结果进行了对比,两者符合的较好。同时,火焰在与激波的作用过程中,形状扭曲变形,对于两端敞开的情况呈对称的扁平头部蘑菇云,而对于一端封闭的情况,则呈封闭端小敞口端大的扁平头部蘑菇云。     

多孔推进剂装药的动态压缩过程的数值研究

对约束条件下的推进剂多孔床中的动态压缩进行了数值分析。用两组连续混合非平衡流的理论建立了描述动态压缩过程的数学模型。用MacCormack有限差分方法求解了控制方程。以活塞撞击HMX多孔床为例，将数值结果、实验结果以及稳态分析结果进行了比较，证明模型能很好的预测稳态压缩波特性。研究结果有助于弄清高能推进剂的冲击波起爆、燃烧转爆轰的机理。