大气阻力摄动下的绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态跟踪控制研究

以绳系辅助离轨系统为背景,考虑到大气阻力摄动和子星--返回舱的非质点因素,返回舱与绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态将产生大幅周期性变化,这将影响或破坏系统的稳定性;同时三自由度下绳系系统的展开控制和绳系系统横向振动抑制控制也对返回舱姿态的稳定性和精度提出了更高的要求.基于此,本文建立了大气阻力摄动下的绳系系统的展开动力学和返回舱姿态动力学模型;并在此基础上,设计了绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态跟踪控制策略.通过数学仿真来验证大气阻力摄动下该姿态跟踪控制算法的有效性,结果表明,该控制律能够有效控制绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态,满足展开控制的需要.     

Deployment dynamics for flexible deployable primary mirror of space telescope with paraboloidal and laminated structure by using absolute node coordinate method

A nonlinear dynamic modeling method for primary mirror of Flower-like Deployable Space Telescope (F-DST) undergoing large deployment motion is proposed in this paper. To ensure pointing accuracy and attitude stability of the paraboloidal primary mirror, the mirror is discretized into equal thickness shell elements by considering shell curvature. And the material nonlinear constitutive relation of flexible mirror is acquired using Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF). Furthermore, the primary mirror of F-DST can be regarded as a clustered multi-body system, and its dynamic equations of elastic deformation and deployment motion are established by virtual work principle. Finally, the deployment motion of primary mirror by different driving conditions are simulated, the results show that the vibrations of mirrors that driven by elastic hinge device are more than that driven by servo motor. In addition, single sub-mirror deployment process will perturb the pointing accuracy of primary mirror, and the multiple sub-mirrors simultaneously deploying will seriously affect all the sub-mirrors surface accuracy because of the coupling effect. Thus, there are theoretical value and practical significance for the controlling surface accuracy and attitude accuracy of space telescope.     

典型折叠充气管的建模修正与展开仿真

本文分别研究了Z形、卷曲形、嵌套形折叠充气管的有限元建模方法。折叠充气管在进行有限元建模时,由于折叠部位内外层蒙皮的长度不一致给模型带来几何误差。不同的折叠方式建模技巧各不相同,引入的误差量也各不相同,本文着重分析了Z形折叠和卷曲形折叠建模所产生的几何误差,并提出了相应的修正方法。针对三种典型折叠方式,建立了相应的有限元模型,并应用控制体积算法实现了充气管的展开仿真。仿真结果验证了修正方法的有效性。增加尼龙粘扣是实现长卷曲折叠管的有控制展开的有效手段之一,本文采用失效连接来模拟尼龙粘扣的作用,比较了有、无尼龙粘扣的卷曲管的展开过程。仿真结果表明采用尼龙粘扣既不会明显带来充气管额外质量和刚度的增加,又可保证展开次序和展开方向的可控性,改善了展开过程的稳定性。     

伞状天线旋转关节运动功能的可靠性分析

针对某星载伞状天线展开机构中的旋转关节,分析指出了其运动功能可靠性中包含了两个并联的功能函数:即矩的功能函数和功的功能函数;利用随机函数的矩法和可靠性分析中的一次二阶矩法,分别对天线展开过程中的起始阶段、展开阶段和网面产生预紧力阶段,构建了按矩的功能函数和按功的功能函数对应的可靠性计算表达式;通过实例计算获得了天线展开机构运动功能的可靠性指标随展开角度的变化结果.      

Solar sail deployment dynamics

The deployment dynamics of a solar sail consisting of four flexible booms and four membrane quadrants are studied. First, previous work on modelling only one membrane quadrant attached to two axially moving beams using time-varying quasi-modal expansion is extended to be applicable to the complete four-quadrant system. This is achieved via “lifting” the quadrant-level matrices into system-level forms by mapping the former’s constituent blocks to the correct partitions in the latter. After the quadrant-to-system conversion of the matrices, the equations of motion from the authors’ previous work readily apply to the complete system. Modal analysis is performed on a constant-length sail to validate the model’s basic foundations against the results obtained by finite element methods in the past literature. Deployment simulation results are presented, numerical parameter studies that show possibility of instability are performed using the system’s eigenvalues, and the stability results are discussed.     

Analysis of dynamic behaviour of inflatable booms in zigzag and modified zigzag folding patterns

The deployment behaviour of inflatable booms with zigzag and modified zigzag folding patterns is experimentally and theoretically investigated in this paper with the aim to deploy the booms as the actuator for future deployable large-scale membrane structures. Regarding the experimental approach, the stable deployment of a modified zigzag folding pattern is demonstrated, and the relation between stable and unstable deployment behaviour is considered in relation to air pressure and flow rate. In terms of the theoretical approach, the folding process and deployment behaviour are simulated using commercially available software (PAM-CRACH and PAM-SAFE). To create folding lines from the zero stress condition in the case of analytical inflatable boom models, the stress distribution and the shapes of the folding lines are considered for the initial self-deployment behaviour and deployment behaviour using the uniform pressure method. From the folding experiments and the results of folding analyses and UPM, the deployment behaviour of inflatable boom models in zigzag and modified zigzag folding patterns is compared by using the finite point-set method. For the sequential deployment behaviour, which is difficult to replicate, the uniform pressure method is used for the calculations, and the relation between inlet air flow and stable deployment behaviour is discussed through comparison of the experimental and analytical results.     

Technology development for a long duration,mid-cloud level Venus balloon

This paper describes the results of ongoing technology development activities for a Venus spherical superpressure balloon capable of flying for long durations (30 days) in the middle cloud layer at an altitude of 55.5 km. Data is presented from a successful aerial deployment and inflation flight experiment on a 5.5 m diameter prototype balloon conducted at a 2.5 km altitude above the Earth. Although the balloon in that test was not released for free flight, all other steps in the deployment and inflation process were successfully executed. Experimental and computational results are also presented from an investigation of the stress concentration phenomenon at the junction of the metal end fitting and fabric end cap of the prototype Venus balloon. Good agreement was found between the simulation and experimental results and a stress concentration factor of 1.55 determined for this end cap design compared to the expectations of thin membrane theory. Finally, results are presented for a new, second-generation Venus balloon material utilizing Aclar™ film instead of Teflon. Optical property and sulfuric acid tolerance data are presented for this material based on laboratory testing of samples.     

Experiments and numerical simulations of an electrodynamic tether deployment from a spool-type reel using thrusters

The amount of space debris is ever increasing, and pollution of the space environment has become a serious problem that can no longer be ignored. Consequently, the active removal of large space debris from crowded economically useful orbits should begin as soon as possible. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency has been investigating an active debris removal system that employs highly efficient electrodynamic tether (EDT) technology for orbital transfer. This study investigates the tether deployment from a spool-type reel using thrusters by means of numerical simulations of an EDT system. The thrusters are used in order to ensure the deployment of a tether with the length of several kilometers. In the simulations using a multiple mass tether model, the key parameters are estimated from various on-ground experiments. By means of the numerical simulations, the dynamics of tether deployment is studied and requirements of thruster needed for the deployment, such as the thrust forces and the periods of thruster activation, are clarified.     

充气太阳能帆板展开动力学数值模拟预报

充气太阳能帆板是一种通过气体驱动支撑管展开的新型太阳能帆板。首先简要介绍其研究进展，然后针对充气展开支撑管，提出了分段式充气体积控制模型，基于LS—DYNA模拟了空间环境下Z型折叠充气太阳能帆板在支撑管无约束与有轴向约束控制时的展开过程，分析了支撑管每折叠段的气压变化，上横板的动力学特性以及基板的平面外振动，预报了展开过程中支撑管与基板的接触碰撞，并通过悬吊式展开试验验证了计算结果。结果表明，本文计算能够预报充气太阳能帆板在空间展开的动力学特性。     

系绳力对降落伞拉直过程的影响

文章采用多刚体模型研究了伞绳的系力对降落伞拉直过程的影响。在物伞系统的动力学模型中将引导伞、伞包、伞绳及回收物处理为开链式多刚体,提出了n阶的递推算法来求解绳段间的约束力。利用该模型研究了伞绳的系力对物伞系统运动的影响。仿真结果表明伞绳的系力是影响伞包角加速度的关键因素。