Reachable domain of spacecraft with a single tangent impulse considering trajectory safety

The reachable domain of the two-body transfer orbit with a single upper-bounded tangent impulse is studied. Three cases are analyzed for either the magnitude of the tangent impulse or the initial impulse point being free, or both being free. For a fixed impulse magnitude and a free initial impulse point, the initial orbit is proved to be one of the envelopes of the reachable domain. Moreover, the trajectory safety for the transfer orbit requires a lower bound on the perigee altitude and an upper bound on the apogee altitude. Then the ranges of the impulse magnitude and the initial true anomaly can be obtained by solving quadratic and cubic inequalities, respectively. If both constraints are required for an arbitrary impulse point, the range of the impulse magnitude is obtained with impulses at the perigee and the apogee. Several numerical examples with different eccentricities are provided to show the geometry of the reachable domain and to verify the proposed method.     

航天器共因失效分析与预防初探

简要介绍了共因失效相关概念及分析方法,通过共因失效案例分析,对航天器如何开展共因失效分析以及如何预防共因失效进行了初步探讨,提出了航天器开展共因失效分析的定性和定量方法以及预防共因失效的措施。     

参与式案例教学法在《安全管理实务》中的应用

结合教学实践,针对安全管理实务课程内容和特点,提出参与式案例教学方法。该方法给学生提供了一个宽松、平等、积极的环境,有利于提高学生参与教学的积极性,有助于学生在参与过程中灵活运用所学知识、技能,有助于提高学生解决实际问题的能力和综合素质,培养团队合作意识,提高就业竞争力。     

Envelope protection for aircraft encountering upset condition based on dynamic envelope enlargement

Upset condition encountered by an aircraft in flight could pose great threat to flight safety, which is of chief importance in civil aviation. The causal factors have the nonlinear and multiple characteristics, and as a result the conventional envelope protection system cannot successfully do with the condition. So dynamic envelope based on differential manifold theory, which can take more coupling factors into account, is proposed as a basis to design a novel envelope protection system. Then the relationship between the dynamic envelope and the control coefficient or pilot command is obtained, and the result shows that the dynamic envelope can be enlarged with the change of control coefficient. Furthermore, quantification of flight security is realized via defining relative distance between flight state and dynamic envelope, which can detect whether there is a risk for an aircraft in flight. Finally, an envelope protection system based on dynamic envelope enlargement is proposed on the basis. NASA’s Generic Transport Model encountering hazard gust wind in climbing phase is taken as an example to verify the system’s feasibility. The result shows that the system can give a better operation encountering upset condition and to a certain extent reduce the number of accidents or incidents.     

概率安全评定方法的计算程序及其工程应用

考虑四种主要随机因素：载荷（作用应力）、缺陷尺寸、断裂韧性、流变应力等参数的不确定性，针对较为常见的焊接结构型式，如平板、球罐、圆柱形容器等结构上可能存在的不同缺陷类型，基于双判据失效准则，编制了较为通用的含缺陷焊接结构概率安全评定程序。对国产ＣＦ－６２钢制容积为１５３１ｍ３的球罐可能存在的缺陷进行了概率安全评定，通过对评定参数的敏感性分析，指出了影响其可靠性的关键因素。     

虹桥机场障碍物碰撞风险分析

研究了最后进近及复飞阶段航空器与地面障碍物之间的碰撞风险的计算方法，结合航空资料汇编中上海虹桥机场的相关信息，利用碰撞风险模型对机场的主要障碍物进行了碰撞风险计算，并分析了障碍物宽度、障碍物高度、障碍物X位移和Y位移等四个参数的变化对碰撞风险的影响。结果表明虹桥机场的障碍物碰撞风险小于安全目标水平，超障高满足要求；在一定范围内，碰撞风险随障碍物高度增大而增加，但当宽度到一个临界值后不再增加；随障碍物宽度增大而增加；随X位移增大而减小；当Y位移为0时，碰撞风险值最大。     

无人机系统的安全性与危险源分析

无人机系统的战术性能及优势将使其在未来高技术战争和民用航空中发挥越来越重要的作用。然 而,由于有人机与无人机飞行事故的特点不同,使得有人机的安全性分析与管理措施不完全适用于无人机系 统。首先,对无人机系统的飞行事故进行统计分析,得出无人机系统事故的特点;然后,合理借鉴有人机的安全 性分析,定义无人机系统的安全性,提出无人机系统事故的严酷度等级划分及相应的危险可接受度;最后,从设 计、机组训练及使用操作三方面进行危险源分析。本文提出的无人机系统不安全事件发生可能性等级划分和 危险源定性分析,可为后续无人机安全管理框架的构建奠定基础。     

基于人因分析的可靠性管理研究和实践

以人因研究为基础,提出安全性工作与经济性工作结合、质量管理工作与工程管理工作结合、技术管理工作与绩效管理工作结合的观点,旨在寻求一条能使生产单位直接获益的可靠性管理新思路,并由此探索将总部与基地的可靠性管理工作紧密结合的新途径。     

民航安全经济学研究的基本架构和意义

从一般经济学的投入、成本和效益的基本思路进行探讨，阐述了民航安全经济学研究的基本内容、研究方法，指出了民航安全经济学的基本特点，分析了研究民航安全经济学的意义与价值，勾勒了民航安全经济学研究的基本框架。     

Integrated Safety Culture Model and Application

A new safety culture model is constructed and is applied to analyze the correlations between safety culture and SMS. On the basis of previous typical definitions, models and theories of safety culture, an in-depth analysis on safety culture＇s structure, composing elements and their correlations was conducted. A new definition of safety culture was proposed from the perspective of sub-culture. 7 types of safety sub-culture, which are safety priority culture, standardizing culture, flexible culture, learning culture, teamwork culture, reporting culture and justice culture were defined later. Then integrated safety culture model （ISCM） was put forward based on the definition. The model divided safety culture into intrinsic latency level and extrinsic indication level and explained the potential relationship between safety sub-culture and all safety culture dimensions. Finally in the analyzing of safety culture and SMS, it concluded that positive safety culture is the basis of im plementing SMS effectively and an advanced SMS will improve safety culture from all around.