固定容差参数的阵列天线方向图综合法

研究了设计参数具有固定容差的阵列天线方向图综合法;给出了阵列天线方向图容差优化的数学模型;提出了求解容差优化最坏情况问题的离散化方法;建立了直线阵列天线容差区内误差任意分布的物理模型,并采用修正正多面体优化方法对激励幅度具有容差的侧射天线阵进行了综合。当设计参数偏离其标称值时,文中的综合方法可以使天线性能的偏差最小。     

椭圆截面喷管排气辐射热流数值分析

文中对直升机红外抑制器椭圆截面喷管排气的辐射热流进行数值分析,并预估排气温度分布、速度和燃气成分分布对辐射热流的影响。为了计算辐射热流和考虑尾焰对周围环境的传热,采用形式简单并可用通用方程计算程序计算的六热流辐射模型。由于排气流场内温度和密度变化较大,故紊流模型采用考虑密度变化的修正双方程k-ε模型。本文中所用的比热C_(pm)是随气流温度和成分而变化,温度用迭代法求得。喷管出口截面为椭圆形,排气为三元自由射流,控制方程为三元抛物形偏微分方程,可采用前进积分求解,这样既可满足计算精度要求,又可节省机时。并根据三元喷流周向边界条件周期性变化的特点,采用CTDMA解法。计算结果与试验结果基本一致,说明本计算方法是可行的。     

冷热两股气流在圆管内掺混的速度场、温度场与辐射通量场的数值方法

用数值方法求解冷热两股轴对称平行射流在圆管内掺混的流场、温度场和辐射通量场。计算采用一种通用性的数值方法,其特点是强烈地以物理本质为基础,而不仅仅是单纯的数学推导。这样做,能方便地分析和解释计算结果,使之更真实地接近于实际。 通过计算,分析了当引射系数改变时,掺混的流场,温度场和辐射通量场的变化规律,其结果与实验数据比较一致。     

Spectra and time variability of black-hole binaries in the low/hard state

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of galactic black-hole X-ray sources which explains the energy spectra from radio to X-rays and a number of timing properties in the X-ray domain such as the time lag spectra, the hardening of the power density spectra and the narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy. The model assumes that (i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet, (ii) the electron density in the jet drops inversely proportional to distance, (iii) the jet is “hotter” near its center than at its periphery, and (iv) the electrons in the jet follow a power-law distribution function. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of soft photons from the accretion disk and have found power-law high-energy spectra with photon-number index in the range 1.5–2 and cutoff at a few hundred keV, power-law time lags versus Fourier frequency with index 0.8, and an increase of the rms amplitude of variability and a narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy as they have been observed in Cygnus X-1. The spectrum at long wavelengths (radio, infrared, optical) is modeled to come from synchrotron radiation of the energetic electrons in the jet. We find flat to inverted radio spectra that extend from the radio up to about the optical band. For magnetic field strengths of the order 10⁵–10⁶ G at the base of the jet, the calculated spectra agree well in slope and flux with the observations.     

New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

Modeling the broadband persistent emission of magnetars

In this paper, we discuss our first attempts to model the broadband persistent emission of magnetars within a self-consistent, physical scenario. We present the predictions of a synthetic model that we calculated with a new Monte Carlo 3D radiative code. The basic idea is that soft thermal photons (e.g. emitted by the star surface) can experience resonant cyclotron upscattering by a population of relativistic electrons treated in the twisted magnetosphere. Our code is specifically tailored to work in the ultra-magnetized regime; polarization and QED effects are consistently accounted for, as well different configurations for the magnetosphere. We discuss the predicted spectral properties in the 0.1–1000 keV range, the polarization properties, and we present the model application to a sample of magnetars soft X-ray spectra.     

The beaming of external Compton emission

We consider a relativistically moving blob consisting of an isotropic electron distribution that Compton-scatters photons from an external isotropic radiation field. We compute the resulting beaming pattern, i.e. the distribution of the scattered photons, in the blob frame as well as in the observer’s frame by using the full Klein–Nishina cross section and the exact incident photon distribution. In the Thomson regime the comparison of our approach with Dermer (1995) results in concurrent characteristics but different absolute number of the scattered photons by a factor of f_corr = 3.09. Additionally, our calculation yields a slightly lower boost factor which varies the more from the corresponding value in Dermer (1995) the higher the spectral index p of the electron distribution gets.     

Fast spacecraft solar radiation pressure modeling by ray tracing on graphics processing unit

A novel method is presented to evaluate on the graphics processing unit (GPU) the force and torque on a spacecraft due to solar radiation pressure. The method employs efficient ray tracing techniques, developed in the graphics rendering discipline, to resolve spacecraft self-shadowing and reflections at faster than real-time computation speed. The primary algorithmic components of the ray tracing process which contribute to the method’s computational efficiency are described. These components include two-level bounding volume hierarchy acceleration data structures, fast ray to bounding box intersection testing using the slab intersection algorithm and fast triangle intersection testing using the Möller-Trumbore algorithm. Spacecraft material optical properties are represented as a combination of Lambertian diffuse and ideal specular reflections. Both diffuse and specular ray-surface interactions are modeled. The approach is implemented using C++ and OpenCL and executed on a consumer grade GPU. Model validation is presented comparing ray traced force and torque values to the same quantities produce by a faceted analytic model. Numerical results illustrate the impact of self-shadowing on the force and torque calculation, and demonstrate the fast computational speed that is enabled with this implementation.     

MD-130 胶黏剂固化工艺及空间适用性研究

为满足航天电子产品的工艺实施和空间服役要求,本文详细开展了MD-130胶黏剂的固化工艺及空间适应性研究。结果表明,在150℃等温固化60 min后其拉伸剪切强度达到18 MPa,表明其为优选的固化工艺。高低温环境冲击和低剂量的粒子辐照后胶黏剂固化反应更加充分,其芯片剪切强度提高,而大剂量辐照致使高分子降解现象明显,造成了胶接强度的降低。经环境试验后,MD-130胶黏剂仍具有良好的力学性能,满足设计使用要求。