Innovation and change? The evolution of Europe's small satellite manufacturers

Since the 1980s a trend has emerged to contain the cost of space missions, which has favored trials in the construction and launch of small satellites. This effort has considerably reduced the cost of the satellites because the construction process uses both traditional components and important technological innovations. There have also been market openings for small satellites, both within the telecommunication sector and for scientific missions and those related to Earth observation. This paper contains the results of a survey of the largest manufacturers of small satellites in Europe and investigates how far (if at all) they have changed the structure of the European space industry. It finds that, through the acquisition of small satellite manufacturers, traditional large companies operating in the field of space in Europe have secured for themselves important technological innovations and market opportunities, while maintaining their oligopolistic position.     

Crew autonomy for deep space exploration: Lessons from the Antarctic Search for Meteorites

Future piloted missions to explore asteroids, Mars, and other targets beyond the Moon will experience strict limitations on communication between vehicles in space and control centers on Earth. These limitations will require crews to operate with greater autonomy than any past space mission has demonstrated. The Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) project, which regularly sends small teams of researchers to remote parts of the southern continent, resembles a space mission in many ways but does not rely upon a control center. It provides a useful crew autonomy model for planners of future deep space exploration missions. In contrast to current space missions, ANSMET gives the crew the authority to adjust competing work priorities, task assignments, and daily schedules; allows the crew to be the primary monitor of mission progress; demands greater crew accountability for operational errors; requires the crew to make the most of limited communication bandwidth; adopts systems designed for simple operation and failure recovery; and grants the crew a leading role in the selection and stowage of their equipment.     

实行学分制的探索与实践

高职高专教育是我国高等教育体系的重要组成部分。实行学分制教学管理制度已成为强化目标管理,以学生为本、因材施教、强化素质教育的必然趋势。本文在简要介绍学分制概况的基础上,以作者所在学校实行学分制的思路及做法,介绍了实施的部分内容,并对已经出现或可能出现的某些问题提出了解决办法。     

数字域谱估计的GNSS系统信号带宽测试方法

针对传统的单载波扫频法不适于GNSS（全球导航卫星系统）信号生成通道的带宽测量的问题,提出了采用数字信号处理的信号带宽方法.对实际导航信号进行高速采样,在数字域对采样的导航信号和本地数字生成的理想导航信号进行频谱估计和计算,从而得到GNSS信号带宽.分别使用周期图法和Welch法谱估计,对提出的测试方法进行仿真.仿真结果表明,采用Welch法进行理想信号和实际信号谱估计,对谱估计后的结果进行计算,可以完成GNSS信号带宽精密测量,在Welch法估计参数设置合理的情况下,GNSS信号带宽估计的准确度可以达到99.9％以上.     

民机防冰系统自然结冰试飞技术研究

结合某型民机自然结冰条件下防冰系统的试飞,对试飞所需的测试改装工作进行了总结,并对试飞前需进行的各种安全性评估进行了总结说明,明确了试飞中需考虑的各种构型情况,提出一套循序渐进的自然结冰试飞方法。同时提出了试飞中结冰气象参数的可接受性判据,最后针对自然结冰试飞中结冰气象参数的处理提出了分段等效处理的方法。     

基于构架和构件复用的飞机自动钻铆开放式数控系统

针对当前轻型自动装配系统数控系统开发过程中周期长、稳定性差的问题,提出一种基于构架和构件复用的开放式数控系统,可实现软件复用,降低开发成本和周期.结合EtherCAT工业以太网和Ethemet技术进行了钻铆系统的集成,并在单机器人自动钻铆系统和双机器人自动钻铆系统上进行了验证,验证系统可行.     

软件体系结构的探讨

软件体系结构是软件工程中的一个新兴研究领域，它与软件工程技术的发展有着密切的关系。首先，从软件工程技术的发展了解软件体系结构研究的必然性；然后，给出软件体系结构的概念描述，介绍有关体系结构研究的内容；最后，举出一个实例。     

IETM制作平台设计与应用

提出了一种用于大型装备的交互式电子技术手册(IETM)制作平台模型。介绍了平台的物理架构、功能架构和信息交换流程,给出了半结构化数据编辑、三维仿真和图形化故障隔离等关键技术。应用结果表明:基于新模型的IETM制作平台能快速实现电子手册制作,且展示效果和交互能力较强。     

A systematic approach to nonlinear rotorcraft model identification

The development of a powerful parameter estimation routine and its integration into the simulation environment HOST is described. With this tool approaches are being made towards new strategies of mathematical modeling, aimed at providing highly accurate and nevertheless run-time efficient simulation models. The identification routine is capable of optimizing parameterized models in both dynamic time domain simulation and static (e.g. trim state variation) conditions. Examples of both cases are presented to emphasize the improvement in the system response prediction and to demonstrate the abilities of the identification techniques in combination with the nonlinear simulation platform. This article reviews the activities and achievements accomplished by the DLR Institute of Flight Research and the ONERA Systems Control and Flight Dynamics Department during the last few years in the research on rotorcraft flight dynamics modeling and model identification. Future activities that require extensive high fidelity modeling are in the scope of the current and coming modeling activities that include the use of the presented methods and software technologies.     

对研究所计量管理目标和系统的认识

简要阐述对新形势下，计量管理目标、系统和计量工作前途的认识。