Instantaneous rainfall estimation using neural network from multispectral observations of SEVIRI radiometer and its application in estimation of daily and monthly rainfall

In the present paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) based technique has been developed to estimate instantaneous rainfall by using brightness temperature from the IR sensors of SEVIRI radiometer, onboard Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite. The study is carried out over north of Algeria. For estimation of rainfall, weight matrices of two ANNs namely MLP1 and MLP2 are developed. MLP1 is to identify raining or non-raining pixels. When rainy pixels are identified, then for those pixels, instantaneous rainfall is estimated by using MLP2. For identification of raining and non raining pixels, 7 input parameters from the IR sensors are utilized. Corresponding data of raining/non-raining pixels are taken from radar. For instantaneous rainfall estimation, 14 input parameters are utilized, where 7 parameters are information about raining pixels and 7 parameters are related with cloud features. The results obtained show the neural network performs reasonably well.     

Synergetic use of SAR and Thermal Infrared data to study the physical properties of the lunar surface

The surface layer of the Moon preserves vital evidences of lunar impact and cratering processes due to the absence of any Aeolian and fluvial erosion processes acting on it. By examining these evidences, which are recorded throughout the evolutionary history of the Moon, several basic aspects of lunar science can be understood, and this has direct relevance to the surfaces of other airless bodies within the solar system. In this study, rock abundance data obtained from Thermal Infrared (TIR) observations and radar Circular Polarization Ratio (CPR) data sets obtained from polarimetric SAR observations were correlated at some sample sites on the lunar surface. Preliminary results yielded qualitative and quantitative estimates for surface rock abundances. Except at distal ejecta deposits of young, bright craters a general correlation was observed between the two datasets. Mixed results were observed from the impact melt flows where the situation is complex due to the possible subsurface-volume and volume-subsurface interactions of the radar waves. But the flow features were clearly separated from the interior and ejecta regions of their parent craters in terms of CPR and rock abundances. The extent and distributions of pyroclastic deposits and dark haloed regions could not be distinctly identified at the resolution of datasets utilized. Near Gerasimovich D crater, the Diviner Radiometer has provided the first TIR observations of a newly discovered impact melt flow which was not visible in the optical imagery. This facilitated the first ever quantitative comparisons of the radar CPR and rock abundance values near such a region. Also, significant differences in spatial patterns between the radar and rock concentration data sets were observed, owing to the differences in the sensitivity of the two observations.     

雷达监视下程序管制短期冲突告警算法研究

本文研究了一种基于航空器飞行轨迹线性外推冲突预测的短期冲突告警（STCA）算法,并给出算法的具体实现方案。仿真实验结果证明了算法的有效性,适用于雷达监视下的程序管制间隔标准和管制体制。     

对合成孔径雷达的步进移频干扰

为了使压制干扰获得更多的SAR匹配处理增益,从而进一步降低干扰功率,提出了一种脉内脉间二维部分相干干扰：步进移频干扰。该干扰在保留信号脉内脉间相位特性的同时,让干扰载频在脉间步进递增或递减变化,人为产生距离向和方位向的耦合效应。理论分析和仿真实验表明,该干扰可同时获得SAR在距离向和方位向的部分匹配处理增益,因而降低了干扰功率需求。此外,该干扰的SAR成像输出为一个干扰区域,无需复杂的复合调制即可作为压制干扰掩护分布式目标,干扰实施简单,是一种有效的SAR压制干扰方式。
     

基于动态RCS的无人机航迹实时规划

传统的无人机航迹规划主要采用仅考虑无人机与雷达距离的简化雷达威胁模型,未充分考虑无人机雷达散射截面RCS(Radar Cross-Section)随自身姿态角改变而产生的动态变化.据此,提出了无人机周向动态RCS模型,并建立了综合考虑无人机动态RCS与雷达距离的探测概率模型,利用遗传算法进行了基于动态RCS的航迹实时规划,计算结果与传统航迹规划结果进行了对比.仿真结果表明该模型的可行性和有效性,能充分利用无人机自身的优势规避威胁,满足无人机的航迹实时规划的要求.      

天波超视距雷达电离层相位污染典型校正方法综合性能评估

对校正天波超视距雷达电离层相位污染的五种典型方法进行了综合性能评估,主要从校正效果、对不同污染的普适性、污染参数变化对方法的影响、信噪比对方法性能的影响、运算量等几个方面进行了比较与分析,为实际工程实现和改进电离层相位污染校正方法提供参考。     

球面收敛调节片喷管RCS数值模拟研究

结合物理光学迭代法(IPO)和等效棱边电磁流法(EEC),自主开发了电大尺寸腔体电磁散射特性计算程序,并通过对某试验模型雷达散射截面积(RCS)进行计算,完成了程序的可靠性验证。利用该程序对带有电磁信号遮挡板且采用3种不同尾缘修形技术的球面收敛调节片矢量喷管(SCFN)进行了RCS数值模拟研究。结果表明:随着入射方位角的增大,喷管的RCS整体上有减小的趋势;喷管尾缘的修形只有在雷达波以较大方位角入射时对减小RCS效果明显;电磁信号遮挡板的存在很大程度上减弱了喷管的电磁信号特征。     

测速雷达信标测量数据复原新方法

给出了一种测速雷达信标测量多普勒频率复原的新方法,此方法与目标运动的初始轨道参数无关。与已有方法相比较,新方法解决了已有数据复原方法对初始轨道参数的依赖性,理论上消除了初始轨道参数精度对数据复原精度的影响。通过与已有方法计算结果的比对分析表明,新方法能够满足数据处理精度要求,具有较好的适用性,是实现信标测量数据复原的有效途径。     

一种适合现场保障的新型雷达噪声系数测试仪

雷达接收机的噪声系数直接影响到雷达的作用距离,是衡量雷达接收机工作性能的重要指标,本文针对雷达现场保障设备的需求,采用大动态对数放大器AD8310,设计了一款专用雷达噪声系数测试仪,能够适应雷达接收机增益大动态变化的特点及外场温度大幅度变化的环境,已经试用于某对空警戒雷达保障系统,并取得了较理想的效果。     

用于新型雷达/红外无源复合诱饵的等离子体参数选择

根据电磁波在分层介质中阻抗匹配原理,计算了非均匀非磁化等离子体平行与垂直极化波的功率反射系数。基于碱金属盐的高温电离特性,以功率反射系数为研究对象,对雷达无源诱饵用等离子体的厚度、温度和电子密度分布等参数选择进行了分析,并根据所选择的参数讨论了入射角对无源诱饵应用的影响。