基于自适应FIR算法的交流伺服系统前馈控制

永磁同步电机(PMSM)交流伺服控制系统中由于电子器件的开关引起相电流非正弦变化,经坐标变换得到的交直轴电流含有谐波成分,引起电流环振荡及电磁转矩脉动。在分析相电流与交直轴电流高次谐波关系,以及交直轴电流高次谐波对电磁转矩影响的基础上,提出了一种基于自适应FIR滤波器的交流伺服系统前馈控制策略,并在该方法的基础上提出了变步长因子算法,根据误差值改变步长因子,在提高滤波器收敛速度的同时减小超调。该算法与传统的一阶低通滤波器相比,相位不滞后,灵敏度更高,且系统稳定。改进后的控制策略有效地降低交直轴电流谐波,抑制电流环振荡及电磁转矩脉动,提高PMSM交流伺服控制系统稳定性及动态响应。通过仿真与试验证明了该方法的可行性。     

压电式快速反射镜系统建模与传递函数辨识

为在高精度跟瞄系统中对压电式快速反射镜(PFSM)实现稳定、精确的控制,构建了PFSM系统的传递函数模型,并结合实测的PFSM系统幅频和相频响应特性,使用非线性最小二乘曲线拟合法,针对不同频率特性进行分段拟合,得到了精确的PFSM系统传递函数。与实测结果相比,在中低频段,幅度辨识误差在0.1 dB以内,相位辨识误差小于1°。由此设计的双二阶滤波器和经典比例积分(PI)相结合的控制算法有效降低了机械谐振的影响,使系统的幅值裕度提高了10.94 dB,相位裕度提高了47.2°,开环截止频率提高了181 Hz。结果表明:通过理论推导建立的PFSM模型是合理的,辨识方法具有可行性,且精度很高,为PFSM系统的复杂控制器设计提供了依据。     

高斯混合模型优化的四元数约束CKF姿态估计

针对四元数非线性滤波在姿态估计中噪声为非理想高斯分布时随机模型的失配现象，提出了一种基于高斯混合模型的四元数约束容积卡尔曼滤波（GM-QCKF）。讨论了四元数在容积卡尔曼滤波中的加权均值方法，并利用高斯混合模型对高斯分量更新与求和从而精化随机模型，最后通过两步投影理论做归一化限制，有效地改进了四元数约束容积卡尔曼滤波的稳定性。通过仿真测试，表明GM-QCKF可明显提高姿态估计精度；跑车试验验证了GM-QCKF算法在实际应用中精度和稳定性的优势。     

自适应UKF在北斗定位算法中的应用

北斗导航系统发展日益成熟，介绍了北斗定位解算与GPS解算的差异，针对扩展Kalman滤波(Extended Kalman Filter，EKF）算法在北斗解算过程中容易引入非线性误差，无迹Kalman滤波(Unscented Kalman Filter，UKF）算法受初值和系统噪声影响较大问题，提出了一种自适应无迹Kalman滤波(Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter，AUKF）北斗定位解算算法。该算法利用观测残差信息构建自适应渐消矩阵，消除量测噪声异常带来的影响，同时提高了滤波精度。实验表明，与EKF和UKF定位解算算法相比，AUKF算法在定位精度和对系统噪声鲁棒性方面都有所提高，是一种可靠稳定的北斗定位算法。     

一种红外点目标图像高保真压缩方法

针对红外点目标图像的特点,融合目标检测与无损-近无损压缩技术,提出了一种目标-背景分类的高保真压缩方法。将红外图像分成若干子块,对每个子块进行基于"最大中值滤波"背景抑制算法的点目标检测,根据检测结果将图像子块分为包含疑似目标的目标子块和不含目标的背景子块,对目标子块图像无损压缩,对背景图像子块近无损压缩,从而提高红外遥感图像压缩比,降低数据传输量,减轻数据传输压力。实验结果表明:所提的方法与传统全图无损压缩方法相比,能在不损失点目标信息的高保真压缩前提下,使图像压缩比提高40%以上。该方法对星上实时处理系统、红外探测跟踪系统的设计具有一定的理论和工程应用价值。     

Nonlinear dynamic behavior of a flexible asymmetric aero-engine rotor system in maneuvering flight

Aero-engine rotor systems installed in aircraft are considered to have a base motion. In this paper, a flexible asymmetric rotor system is modeled considering the nonlinear supports of ball bearings and Squeeze Film Dampers (SFDs), and the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system under maneuvering flight are systematically studied. Effects of the translational accelerative motions, the angular motions and the pitching flight with combined translational and angular motions on nonlinear dynamic behavior of the rotor system are investigated. The results show that, due to the nonlinear coupled effects among the rotor, ball bearings and SFDs, within the first bending resonance region, responses of the rotor show obvious nonlinear characteristics such as bistable phenomenon, amplitude jumping phenomenon and non-synchronous vibration. Translational acceleration motion of the aircraft leads to axis offset of the rotor system and thus results in the reduction and the final disappearance of the bistable rotating speed region. The pitching angular motion mainly affects rotational vibration of the rotor system, and thus further induces their transverse vibrations. For the pitching flight with combined translational and angular motions, a critical flight parameter is found to correspond to the conversion of two steady responses of the rotor system, in which one response displays small amplitude and synchronous vibration, and the other shows large amplitude and non-synchronous vibration.     

公务机预见性航线维修管理

持续分析和监督系统（CASS）是持续适航维修方案（CAMP）的十大要素之一，目的是监督和改进持续适航维修方案的效能，属于安全管理范畴。本文阐述了持续分析与监督系统在公务机航线维修管理的应用与实践效果。     

基于正反Kalman滤波的动基座重力仪数据处理方法

重力数据处理是动基座重力仪的核心技术,采用了一种基于正反Kalman滤波的数据处理方法提取重力异常值.以动基座重力仪(Sea and Air Gravity,SAG)为研究对象,根据系统参数推导了Kalman滤波方程,并运用正反Kalman滤波方法处理了SAG某飞行架次的数据.将提取的重力异常值与同机搭载飞行的俄罗斯高精度重力仪GT-1A的结果进行比对,试验结果表明,两者滤波结果差值的均方根误差要小于1 mGal.     

Autonomous orbit determination using epoch-differenced gravity gradients and starlight refraction

Autonomous orbit determination via integration of epoch-differenced gravity gradients and starlight refraction is proposed in this paper for low-Earth-orbiting satellites operating in GPS-denied environments.Starlight refraction compensates for the significant along-track position error that occurs from only using gravity gradients and benefits from integration in terms of improved accuracy in radial and cross-track position estimates.The between-epoch differencing of gravity gradients is employed to eliminate slowly varying measurement biases and noise near the orbit revolution frequency.The refraction angle measurements are directly used and its Jacobian matrix derived from an implicit observation equation.An information fusion filter based on a sequential extended Kalman filter is developed for the orbit determination.Truth-model simulations are used to test the performance of the algorithm,and the effects of differencing intervals and orbital heights are analyzed.A semi-simulation study using actual gravity gradient data from the Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) combined with simulated starlight refraction measurements is further conducted,and a three-dimensional position accuracy of better than 100 m is achieved.     

气体静压止推轴承静动态性能及振动抑制

为探讨抑制气体轴承自激振动的新手段,研究了圆盘形单个小孔节流的气体静压止推轴承振动问题。通过两平行圆盘间的气体流动方程,推导建立了气体轴承静动态特性分析模型。通过数值分析的方法,研究并总结了供气压力和气膜厚度对气体轴承静态承载力、静态气体质量流量、静动态刚度以及动态阻尼的影响,计算得到了一系列气体轴承静动态特性变化曲线。然后针对系统出现负阻尼情况,通过引入非线性能量阱(NES)来抑制自激振动的问题。研究结果表明,提高供气压力可以有效地提高气体轴承的静态性能;气体轴承的自激振动主要源于气膜挤压的负阻尼特性;同时,当NES的阻尼超过临界阻尼时,可以使系统的振动得到有效的抑制。