复合材料飞机结构损伤容限特性

 复合材料用于飞机结构已有10多年的历史,由于复合材料的特点,必须重新研究原来适用于金属结构的损伤容限设计的一系列规范、手册和数据在复合材料结构中的适用性。本文介绍了欧美各国在复合材料飞机结构损伤容限特性方面的研究概况,并且从对有关规范的补充说明、缺陷性质和验证标准、飞机结构损伤容限评定方法、分析方法和设计方法等几个方面进行了综述。     

基于可靠性管理平台的飞机结构工程管理

详细分析了飞机结构可靠性方案实施的重要环节，阐述了飞机结构工程管理的工作思路和实施方法，为航空公司的结构工程管理工作提供借鉴。     

A compliant polymorphing wing for small UAVs

This paper presents the development of a novel compliant polymorphing wing capable of chord and camber morphing for small UAVs. The morphing wing can achieve up to 10% chord extension and ±20° camber changes. The design, modeling, sizing, manufacturing and mechanical testing of the wing are detailed. The polymorphing wing consists of one continuous front spar fixed to the fuselage and a rear spar on each side of the wing. Each rear spar can translate in the chordwise direction (chord morphing) and rotate around itself (camber morphing). A flexible elastomeric latex sheet is used as the skin to cover the wing and maintain its aerodynamic shape whilst allowing morphing. The loads from the skin are transferred to the spars using the compliant cellular ribs that support the flexible skin and facilitate morphing. Pre-tensioning is applied to the skin to minimize wrinkling when subject to aerodynamic and actuation loads. A rack and pinion actuation system, powered by stepper motors, is used for morphing. Aero-structural design, analysis and sizing are conducted. Performance comparison between the polymorphing wing and the baseline wing (non-morphing) shows that chord morphing improves aerodynamic efficiency at low angles of attack while camber morphing improves efficiency at high angles of attack.     

Electric potential structures of auroral acceleration region border from multi-spacecraft Cluster data

This paper studies an auroral event using data from three spacecraft of the Cluster mission, one inside and two at the poleward edge of the bottom of the Auroral Acceleration Region (AAR). The study reveals the three-dimensional profile of the region’s poleward boundary, showing spatial segmentation of the electric potential structures and their decay in time. It also depicts localized magnetic field variations and field-aligned currents that appear to have remained stable for at least 80?s. Such observations became possible due to the fortuitous motion of the three spacecraft nearly parallel to each other and tangential to the AAR edge, so that the differences and variations can be seen when the spacecraft enter and exit the segmentations, hence revealing their position with respect to the AAR.     

磁流体湍流中的结构和能量传输

磁流体湍流中存在多种相干结构,包括电流和涡旋结构。文章主要对近几年有关磁流体湍流相干结构及其相关的能量传输的一些工作进行了介绍。不同于中性流体湍流中的管状结构,磁流体中的相干结构多呈现为片状,强电流片附近也存在强涡片结构。磁流体湍流中的能量级串使能量跨尺度从大尺度传递至小尺度;与中性流体湍流能量传输主要集中在相近尺度上不同,磁流体湍流除了动能传输,还有磁能传输,以及动能与磁能之间的跨尺度互相转换。研究表明,磁流体湍流中的能量传输及耗散具有强间歇性,集中在较小区域范围,且与相干结构存在关联。在存在背景磁场的情况下,磁流体湍流中的相干结构在背景磁场方向上被拉长,而同样方向上的能量传输受到抑制。在高马赫数的情况下,激波的产生会使能量传输明显增强,同时带来很强的间歇性,结构函数标度律远远偏离线性标度关系,并且随着阶数的增加,标度指数会达到饱和值。     

基于分解协调移动极值响应面法的多构件结构动态可靠性分析

多个构件装配而成的复杂结构可靠性分析存在计算流程繁琐、计算效率低的问题。基于极值响应面 法、移动最小二乘法和分解协调的策略,提出分解协调移动极值响应面法(DCMERSM),对考虑流-热-固耦 合作用的航空发动机高压涡轮叶盘径向变形进行动态可靠性分析,通过对比直接模拟和分解协调极值响应面 法(DCERSM),对 DCMERSM 在 建 模 特 性 和 仿 真 性 能 方 面 的 有 效 性 和 适 用 性 进 行 验 证。 结 果 表 明: DCMERSM不仅适用于转子机械动态可靠性分析,同时还可以用于复杂机械多构件结构可靠性分析。     

Investigation of dynamics of discrete framed structures by a numerical wave-based method and an analytical homogenization approach

In this article, the analytical homogenization method of periodic discrete media (HPDM) and the numerical condensed wave finite element method (CWFEM) are employed to study the lon-gitudinal and transverse vibrations of framed structures. The valid frequency range of the HPDM is re-evaluated using the wave propagation feature identified by the CWFEM. The relative error of the wavenumber by the HPDM compared to that by the CWFEM is illustrated in functions of fre-quency and scale ratio. A parametric study on the thickness of the structure is carried out where the dispersion relation and the relative error are given for three different thicknesses. The dynamics of a finite structure such as natural frequency and forced response are also investigated using the HPDM and the CWFEM.     

基于小波包变换及相关系数法的复合材料层合板冲击位置识别研究

复合材料较为广泛应用于航空、航天等工程领域,但对冲击载荷十分敏感。因此,对复合材料结构承受的冲击载荷进行在线监测以及冲击位置的实时识别具有重要意义。文章以复合材料层合板为研究对象,基于两个冲击位置的距离越靠近则接收到信号幅频特性相似度越高的特点,采用FBG光纤光栅传感器,通过小波包变换的方法来提取能量特征向量,同时结合相关系数法来实现复合材料层合板的冲击位置识别。在480 mm×480 mm的复合材料层合板上开展冲击实验,8次实验皆完成了冲击位置识别,其中7个点距离误差为0 mm,实现精准识别,另一个点误差在6%以内。     

民机复合材料典型结构件检修间隔的概率分析

民机复合材料结构在服役过程中的损伤主要来源于意外冲击,会大幅度降低结构强度,影响飞机安全.以某型飞机外翼为例,考虑运行过程中意外冲击损伤的产生、载荷超限和维护过程中损伤的漏检等因素,采用概率分析方法对结构失效概率进行分析,并计算详细目视检测方法对应的检修间隔.结果表明,计算得到的检修间隔略大于工程实际中"4C"值.此概率分析方法用来确定复合材料结构件检修间隔是可行的,并可以实现检修间隔的动态化调整.     

Radio fine structures in dm–cm wavelength range associated with magnetic reconnection processes

Radio bursts with fine structures in decimetric–centimetric wave range are generally believed to manifest the primary energy release process during flare/CME events. By spectropolarimeters in 1–2 GHz, 2.6–3.8 GHz, and 5.2–7.6 GHz at NAOC/Huairou with very high temporal (1.25–8 ms) and spectral (4–20 MHz) resolutions, the zebra patterns, spikes, and new types of radio fine structures with mixed frequency drift features are observed during several significant flare/CME events. In this paper we will discuss the occurrence of radio fine structures during the impulsive phase of flares and/or CME initiations, which may be connected to the magnetic reconnection processes.