Relationship Between Substorm Auroras and Processes in the Near-Earth Magnetotail

Although the auroral substorm has been long regarded as a manifestation of the magnetospheric substorm, a direct relation of active auroras to certain magnetospheric processes is still debatable. To investigate the relationship, we combine the data of the UV imager onboard the Polar satellite with plasma and magnetic field measurements by the Geotail spacecraft. The poleward edge of the auroral bulge, as determined from the images obtained at the LHBL passband, is found to be conjugated with the region where the oppositely directed fast plasma flows observed in the near-Earth plasma sheet during substorms are generated. We conclude that the auroras forming the bulge are due to the near-Earth reconnection process. This implies that the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge is equal to the flux dissipated in the magnetotail during the substorm. Comparison of the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge with the magnetic flux accumulated in the tail lobe during the growth phase shows that these parameters have the comparable values. This is a clear evidence of the loading–unloading scheme of substorm development. It is shown that the area of the auroral bulge developing during substorm is proportional to the total (magnetic plus plasma) pressure decrease in the magnetotail. These findings stress the importance of auroral bulge observations for monitoring of substorm intensity in terms of the magnetic flux and energy dissipation.     

应用于磁悬挂系统的200V─6OA晶体管斩波器

在大功率磁悬挂系统中，电磁铁电流必须采用开关频率较高的大功率斩波器来调节。本文介绍一个用于磁悬挂系统的大功率晶体管斩波器，它的工作电源电压为２００Ｖ，输出电流为６０Ａ，斩波频率为２ｋＨｚ，试验负载从阻性到感性，电感量达２．５Ｈ。该斩波器在一个单自由度大功率磁悬浮试验装置中完成了磁悬挂控制试验。该斩波器由不对称半桥、开关辅助网络、最优基极驱动电路ＵＡＡ４００２、一次脉冲源ＭＣ３４０６０及电流反馈环等部分构成，具有多种保护功能和良好的传输特性线性度。     

超长大直径钻孔灌注桩桩端承载力研究

阐述了超长大直径钻孔灌注桩桩端承载力的影响因素,包括施工工艺、深度效应和尺寸效应等。分析和对比了目前国内常用的各规范所采用的计算方法。文中算例的计算结果表明,对于同等条件的桩,各规范的计算结果相差较大。采用自平衡试桩法获得了几个重大工程的超长大直径钻孔灌注桩的桩端承载力的实测值。将工程实例的测试结果与各规范的计算结果进行对比,证实了目前规范的计算方法不尽合理。目前各规范中桩端承载力的计算方法是在针对小直径的中短桩的研究基础上建立的。如今,大型桥梁工程中普遍采用超长大直径钻孔灌注桩的情况下,对其桩端承载力的计算应当进行相应的调整,使设计更为合理。     

五自由度磁悬磨头电控系统研究

研究的高速磨床电磁悬浮磨头电控系统尽量采用最新技术，在保证系统 性能的前提下降低了系统造价。在该系统中采用TMS320F240 DSP芯片作为控制核心，同时控制磁悬浮轴承的悬浮和变频电机调速，采用运行效率很高的汇编语言编写控制软件，其中磁悬浮轴承是PID控制算法，电机调速为SPWM方式。磁悬浮轴承PWM功率放大器中采用能简化驱动的新型半桥电路，电机调速主电路中采用智能功率模块（IPM）。动态刚度测试和高速运转实验表明，该电控系统满足高速磨床电磁悬浮磨头的控制要求。     

STUDIES ON MAGNETIC ABRASIVE MACHINING

磁性磨料磁力研磨是近年发展起来的一种高效率、高质量的抛光方法，能够加工复杂外形工件和各种内壁、内腔表面，具有加工装置易于控制、工作环境清洁、加工成本低等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。本文设计、制造了加工装置并进行了一系列的试验，在研磨过程各主要参数对研磨的影响作了研究。试验结果表明，研磨初期加工效率较高，但随着研磨时间的延长，研磨效率降低，研磨质量提高不多；工件转速越高，研磨效率越高，而对研磨质量则没有影响；研磨存在最佳的加工间隙与电流强度值，在此条件下，研磨效率高，研磨质量也较好。本文最后对加工机理作了理论分析，认为磁极的设计与制造研磨能力好、磁性强的磁性磨料是非常重要的。     

面内强磁场下铁磁板壳的自由振动

本文研究了面内强磁场环境下铁磁板壳的自由振动问题。基于Eringen-Maugin的关于磁弹性作用的理性力学模型,从理论上推导了一般壳体在磁场中的运动方程,进而求解了面内强磁场作用下的小磁化率悬臂铁磁薄板自由振动频率。数值计算结果表明,本文模型和已有的实验结果吻合很好。     

一种小功率组合式航空发电机

先进的飞行控制系统和机载电子系统设备对轻型飞机电源系统的要求越来越高，电源系统的可靠性将直接影响到轻型飞机的安全性。本文提出了一种适用于轻型飞机的小功率组合式航空发电机方案。这种新型的“永磁─—内封闭导磁体”组合发电机既有永磁发电机的体积小、重量轻、无电刷等优点，又有内封闭导磁体发电机电压可调的优点。在发电机体积重量增加不多的情况下，免除了复杂的直流变换器，使电源系统体积最小、重量最轻，并且提高了系统的可靠性。同时采用晶体管脉宽调制激磁控制方式，使电源系统的稳压性得到提高。     

The characteristics of sharp (small-scale) boundaries of solar wind plasma and magnetic field structures

We investigate properties of large (>20%) and sharp (<10 min) solar wind ion flux changes using INTERBALL-1 and WIND plasma and magnetic field measurements from 1996 to 1999. These ion flux changes are the boundaries of small-scale and middle-scale solar wind structures. We describe the behavior of the solar wind velocity, temperature and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) during these sudden flux changes. Many of the largest ion flux changes occur during periods when the solar wind velocity is nearly constant, so these are mainly plasma density changes. The IMF magnitude and direction changes at these events can be either large or small. For about 55% of the ion flux changes, the sum of the thermal and magnetic pressure are in balance across the boundary. In many of the other cases, the thermal pressure change is significantly more than the magnetic pressure change. We also attempted to classify the types of discontinuities observed.     

Multi-mode optimal fuzzy active vibration control of composite beams laminated with photostrictive actuators

Firstly, a multi-field coupling finite element formulation of composited beam laminated with the photostrictive actuators is developed in this paper. Moreover, an optimal fuzzy active control algorithm is also proposed on the basis of the combination of optimal control and fuzzy one.This method opens a new avenue to resolve the contradiction between the linear system control method and nonlinear actuating characteristics of photostrictive actuators. The desired control for suppressing multi-modal vibration of photoelectric laminated beam is firstly obtained through optimal control and then the fuzzy control is used to approach the desired mechanical strain induced by photostrictive actuators. Thus, the multi-mode vibration control of beam is realized.In the design process of optimal fuzzy controller, the design of fuzzy control is independent of optimal control. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control method can effectively realize multi-modal vibration control of photoelectric laminated beams, and the control effect of optimal fuzzy control is better than that of optimal state feedback control.     

一种基于Deep-GBM的航空发动机中介轴承故障诊断方法

针对航空发动机中介轴承故障信号难于识别的特点，提出了一种深度梯度提升模型（Deep-GBM）对振动信号特征进行逐层学习以提高分类模型的准确率。开展某型航空发动机中介轴承故障模拟实验，并采用经验模式分解(EMD)方法对采集的振动信号进行分解，提取内蕴模式函数(IMF)分量非线性动力学参数样本熵作为原始故障特征。采用Deep-GBM对中介轴承内环故障、内环和滚动体综合故障、正常、滚棒剥落、滚棒划伤五种不同状态进行识别。实验结果表明，所提出的Deep-GBM故障诊断准确率达到87%，相对于传统的机器学习模型准确率最高提升了28%，并具有良好的泛化能力。