凝固过程对颗粒增强Al—4%Mg复合材料中颗粒分布的影响

研究了凝固过程ＳｉＣ、Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３、ＳｉＯ＿２颗粒增强Ａｌ－４％Ｍｇ复合材料中颗粒分布的影响。通过分析，建立了描述等轴晶凝固条件下，颗粒推移强烈程度的晶粒与颗粒质量比模型，模型预测与试验结果吻合良好。     

Damage characteristics and constitutive modeling of the 2D C/Si C composite: Part I – Experiment and analysis

This paper reports an experimental investigation on the macroscopic mechanical behaviors and damage mechanisms of the plain-woven(2D) C/Si C composite under in-plane on- and offaxis loading conditions. Specimens with 15, 30, and 45 off-axis angles were prepared and tested under monotonic and incremental cyclic tension and compression loads. The obtained results were compared with those of uniaxial tension, compression, and shear specimens. The relationships between the damage modes and the stress state were analyzed based on scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) observations and acoustic emission(AE) data. The test results reveal the remarkable axial anisotropy and unilateral behavior of the material. The off-axis tension test results show that the material is fiber-dominant and the evolution rate of damage and inelastic strain is accelerated under the corresponding combined biaxial tension and shear loads. Due to the damage impediment effect of compression stress, compression specimens show higher mechanical properties and lower damage evolution rates than tension specimens with the same off-axis angle. Under cyclic tension–compression loadings, both on-axis and off-axis specimens exhibit progressive damage deactivation behaviors in the compression range, but with different deactivation rates.     

Grinding behavior and surface appearance of（TiC_p＋ TiB_w）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites

（TiCp＋ TiBw）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites（PTMCs） have broad application prospects in the aviation and nuclear field. However, it is a typical difficult-to-cut material due to high hardness of the reinforcements, high strength and low thermal conductivity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy matrix. Grinding experiments with vitrified CBN wheels were conducted to analyze comparatively the grinding performance of PTMCs and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Grinding force and force ratios, specific grinding energy, grinding temperature, surface roughness, ground surface appearance were discussed. The results show that the normal grinding force and the force ratios of PTMCs are much larger than that of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Low depth of cut and high workpiece speed are generally beneficial to achieve the precision ground surface for PTMCs. The hard reinforcements of PTMCs are mainly removed in the ductile mode during grinding. However, the removal phenomenon of the reinforcements due to brittle fracture still exists, which contributes to the lower specific grinding energy and grinding temperature of PTMCs than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.     

SiC纤维增强钛基复合材料研究现状与展望

连续Si C纤维增强钛基复合材料(Si Cf/Ti)是一种重要的高推重比发动机(推重比12)用结构材料,它的应用为发动机设计和制造带来了革命性的变革。Si Cf/Ti复合材料代表了高推重比发动机用结构材料的发展方向,欧美国家设立了多项研究计划来发展Si Cf/Ti复合材料,技术水平已经达到或接近于实用状态。介绍了国内外对连续纤维增强钛基复合材料的研究现状及国内研究存在的一些问题,并对国内Si Cf/Ti复合材料的未来发展提出了一些建议。     

考虑复合材料层合板就地效应的强度理论

为了能准确预测复合材料层合板的失效起始和破坏过程,发展了一种考虑层合板就地效应(In-situ Effect)的强度理论,方法包括就地强度的确定、失效起始判定和材料性能退化。介绍并推导了基于断裂力学假设的就地强度计算方法,将层合板内的铺层分为内嵌厚层、内嵌薄层和外表面层3种类型,不同类型的层分别对应不同的计算方法。建立了一种考虑就地强度的面内失效起始准则,提出了相应的强度分析方法流程。对单向和多向层合板的失效包线进行了预测,计算结果表明发展的强度理论能很好地预测结构的失效起始,充分反映材料从失效起始到最终破坏的试验现象和规律,与传统Hashin准则相比预测精度明显提高。通过对准各向同性层合板失效包线预测发现,在进行层合板强度分析时考虑就地强度能明显提高预测失效起始的准确性和精度,在复合材料结构强度分析过程中考虑层合板的就地效应十分必要。     

复合材料贮箱在航天飞行器低温推进系统上的应用与关键技术

复合材料低温贮箱的研制与开发是集合了多学科的复杂科学工程。航天技术的发展对航天飞行器性能提出了更高的要求,使得低温推进系统成为了研究重点。为了进一步提高航天器的性能,必须从结构的减重入手,贮箱作为低温推进系统中最大的部件,成为了未来重点发展方向。用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRPs)代替铝合金用于制备可重复使用飞行器(RLV)的燃料贮箱成为近些年各个航天大国的重点研究方向。本文介绍了复合材料低温贮箱在航天飞行器领域研究与发展的过程,介绍了复合材料低温贮箱的一些典型型号,总结了发展复合材料低温贮箱所需解决的技术问题。     

纳米SiC增强碳纤维层合板摩擦磨损性能

为了探寻一种简便的制备纳米SiC增强碳纤维层合板的方法,本文将纳米SiC颗粒均匀分散在无水乙醇中,制备成不同质量分数的SiC试剂,然后均匀喷涂在碳纤维预浸料表面,固化成型。对不同试件进行摩擦磨损实验,得到不同含量的纳米SiC颗粒对碳纤维层合板摩擦因数、磨损量的影响规律,并且对磨损形貌和复合材料的硬度进行分析。实验结果表明：在碳纤维预浸料表面喷涂纳米SiC颗粒能够有效改善碳纤维层合板的摩擦磨损性能;当纳米SiC浓度为1%时,层合板的摩擦因数、磨损量、磨痕的宽度及深度较于不含纳米SiC的层合板分别降低52%,63%,32.3%,54.8%,摩擦磨损性能最好。     

Fatigue life prediction model of 2.5D woven composites at various temperatures

As one of the new structural layout in the family of woven composites, 2.5D Woven Composites(2.5D-WC) have recently attracted an increasing interest owing to its excellent properties, i.e. high specific strength and fatigue resistance, in the aerospace and automobile industry. Indepth understanding of the fatigue behavior of this material at un-ambient temperatures is critical for the engineering applications, especially in aero-engine field. Here, fatigue behavior of 2.5D-WC at different temperatures was numerically investigated based on the unit cell approach. Firstly, the unit cell model of 2.5D-WC was established using ANSYS software. Subsequently, the temperature-dependent fatigue life prediction model was built up. Finally, the fatigue lives alongside the damage evolution processes of 2.5D-WC at ambient temperature(20 ℃) and unambient temperature(180 ℃) were analyzed. The results show that numerical results are in good agreement with the relevant experimental results at 20 and 180 ℃. Fatigue behavior of 2.5D-WC is also sensitive to temperature, which is partially attributed to the mechanical properties of resin and the change of inclination angle of warp yarns. We hope that the proposed fatigue life prediction model and the findings could further promote the engineering application of 2.5D-WC, especially in aero-engine field.     

模具形式对V型结构复合材料固化变形的影响

复合材料在热压罐成型过程中由于发生不可避免的物理化学变化,将会发生固化回弹变形导致尺寸偏差。V型结构普遍用于飞机外表面,研究模具形式对V型结构复合材料固化变形的影响,可有效保证复合材料成型精度,减少装配难度。本文通过建立有限元分析模型以及设计典型结构试验件相结合的方式,分析模具形式对V型结构复合材料固化变形的影响。结果表明:变形预测与试验结果误差在5%内,V型复合材料阳模成型比阴模成型的变形要大10%～15%,其变形回弹量趋势与拐角角度、制件厚度成反比,阳模成型时其回弹与拐角半径成正比。     

高体分SiCp/Al复合材料表面吸附氦气特性

针对高体分SiC_p/Al复合材料气密性问题,系统研究了镀覆、原材料方向性对表面氦气吸附性能影响规律。研究发现该材料经镀覆处理后,其表面氦气吸附合格率提高20%,且随着镀层厚度的增加合格率逐渐提高;不同的机械加工方式对表面氦气吸附合格率影响较小;原材料存在方向各异性,横向切削下料方式下氦气吸附合格率高达91%,纵向切削下料方式下合格率仅为68%。