气体涡轮燃烧室流动与燃烧三维数值模拟

用三维湍流N -S方程和单步快速不可逆化学反应描述涡轮燃烧室内的流动与燃烧过程。采用非交错网格中的SIMPLE算法求解控制方程并对涡轮燃烧室内的流动与燃烧过程进行三维数值模拟 ,得到了有代表性的圆筒形燃烧室内燃气参数的详细分布情况。模拟结果表明 :对圆筒形涡轮燃烧室内的流动和燃烧而言 ,预计结果与测量结果趋势相同。本文是研究涡轮燃烧室的初步尝试     

Combustion Synthesis of h-BN-SiC Ceramic Composites

The feasibility was demonstrated to fabricate h-BN-SiC ceramics through combustion synthesis of the mixture of boron carbide and silicon powders under 100 MPa nitrogen pressure. The mass fraction of BN and SiC in the combustion products were found to be 72 % and 28 % respectively. The thermodynamics of the synthesis reaction and the adiabatic combustion temperature were calculated on the theoretical ground. The bending strengths of the ceramics were measured to be 65.2 MPa at room temperature and 55 MPa at 1350 ℃. The phase composition and microstructure of the combustion products were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).     

A Possible Transfer Mechanism for the 11-Year Solar Cycle to the Lower Stratosphere

Observational evidence of the 11-year solar cycle (SC) modulation of stratosphere temperatures and winds from the ERA-40 dataset is reviewed, with emphasis on the Northern winter hemisphere. A frequency modulation of sudden warming events is noted, with warmings occurring earlier in solar minimum periods than in solar maximum periods. The observed interaction between the influence of the SC and the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) on the frequency of sudden warmings is noted as a possible clue for understanding their mechanism of influence. A possible transfer route for the 11-year solar cycle from the equatorial stratopause region to the lowest part of the stratosphere is proposed, via an influence on sudden warming events and the associated induced meridional circulation. SC and QBO composites of zonal wind anomalies show anomalous wind distributions in the subtropical upper stratosphere in early winter. Mechanistic model experiments are reviewed that demonstrate a sensitivity of sudden warmings to small wind anomalies in this region. Various diagnostics from these experiments are shown, including EP fluxes and their divergence and also the synoptic evolution of the polar vortex, in order to understand the mechanism of the influence. Some recent GCM experiments to investigate the SC/QBO interaction are also described. They simulate reasonably well the observed SC/QBO interaction of sudden warming events and appear to support the hypothesis that tropical/subtropical upper stratospheric wind anomalies are an important influence on the timing of sudden warmings.     

影响Al2O3凝相尺寸分布的因素

用激光全息装置测量含铝复合推进剂燃烧场凝聚相的分布，分辨率为5μm。分析了滞留时间、铝粉含量（2％－16％）和燃烧室压强（0.1MPa-4MPa）对凝相粒子尺寸分布的影响，实验表明，粒子总数随滞留时间减少，粒子越大，减少的相对比例越大；粒子尺寸分布不随燃烧室压强和推进剂铝粉含量变化。     

固体火箭燃烧室内微粒分布的实验研究

介绍一种实时脉冲取样器用于测定固体火箭燃烧室内凝相微粒尺寸分布技术，实验结果表明，含铝推进剂微粒呈二模态或三模分布，燃烧室内压力大，微粒趋大，燃烧室压力很小，微粒亦趋大，有一最小尺寸的压力值，残渣影响微粒尺寸测量，而推进剂燃烧特性将直接影响着微粒尺寸分布。     

非均匀超声来流矩形隔离段内流场实验

针对超燃冲压发动机隔离段的非均匀进口条件设计了隔离段实验风洞，通过测量隔离段壁面压力和拍摄流场纹影照片研究了矩形隔离段内激波/紊流附面层相干流场。研究发现，隔离段进口的非均匀流使隔离段流场压升特征与附面层发展规律与均匀进口的隔离段流动有显著差异。用截面当量直径取代Waltrup公式中的圆管直径可以取得较好的吻合效果。在进口马赫数小于2时，升高同样的压力，非均匀进口隔离段产生的激波串长度比Waltrup公式预测的长度要长。纹影仪观察发现隔离段内激波存在严重的振荡现象。     

带多圈环形V型稳定器的加力燃烧室两态燃油浓度分布计算

在流场计算和油珠碰壁处理上进一步发展和完善了轨道扩散模型，编制了适用于具有多圈环形V型稳定器和多种喷油布置的加力燃烧室两态燃油浓度计算的通用程序。用于实际加力燃烧室的浓度场计算，可以给出加力燃烧室任意截面上液态、气态和总态燃油浓度分布，各区域内燃油浓度的平均值和周向平均燃油浓度沿径向的分布。     

燃烧条件下药柱脱粘扩展的设计

利用有限元方法分析了不同条件下药柱脱粘部位的应力状况,设计了复合固体推进剂燃烧条件下的脱粘扩展试件,通过X射线实时成像系统纪录了燃烧过程。结果表明:要形成脱粘扩展,脱粘部位装药要有大的拉伸变形;当药柱在点火冲击作用下,脱粘产生比较大的拉伸变形,且变形达到脱粘扩展的临界变形量时,就会出现脱粘扩展。     

铝粉颗粒燃烧产物的平均弥散度计算研究

采用金属颗粒的扩散燃烧模型和燃烧产物的均匀多相成核理论，对铝粉燃烧所形成的Al2O3平均弥散度进行了计算研究。根据计算结果，对铝粉燃烧区域中的温度、燃烧产物的过饱和度及其凝聚成核速率的变化规律进行了分析讨论。并研究了环境因素对上述多数和铝粉燃烧产物平均弥散度的影响。     

轻金属颗粒燃烧理论研究进展

介绍了铝、镁和铍一类轻金属颗粒在氧化氛围中燃烧的有关实验现象，并在此基础上对蒸气相扩散机理、多相机理及复合机理进行了述评。