一种温度动态调节方法及其动态性能仿真研究

航空气源模拟试验台主要用于模拟不同飞行状态时发动机给空气管理系统的供气,由于飞机爬升、降落时发动机供气参数会急剧变化,因此航空气源模拟试验台需具备动态能力.基于一种温度动态调节方法,在合理简化的基础之上采用NHT方法对其温度动态性能进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明该温度动态调节方法能够满足温度动态性能需求,对动态航空气源模拟试验台的设计选型有较高的参考价值.     

圆心松弛的圆环格点阵及其灵敏度优化研究

针对目前综合孔径辐射计圆环格点阵圆心位置固定,不能最大程度利用圆环中可布阵区域的问题,提出圆环格点阵圆心优化方法,在不增大布阵区域的前提下,增加了布阵自由度,为阵列性能进一步优化提供了基础。基于圆心松弛的圆环格点阵,提出一种满足给定无混叠视场范围和空间角分辨率要求的广义圆环格点阵设计方法。基于广义圆环格点阵,当给定阵元数时,依据阵列退化因子优化灵敏度。仿真结果表明:优化后的阵列具有更高的辐射测量灵敏度。     

G-16EP通用航空电瓶充放电及寿命研究

为了对G-16EP型电瓶进行维护和保养，根据电瓶厂家规定和适航规范，总结了该型电瓶的充电和容量测试（放电）方法，指出了影响电瓶寿命的主要因素，为该型号电瓶的维护提供了参考。     

PWM变频器供电的感应电机传热特性

为了探究电动机在脉宽调(Pulse width modulation，PWM)变频器供电下的传热特性，近一步揭示变频参数（调制比）对电动机温升分 布的影响特征,以一台采用PWM变频器供电下55 kW驱动用感应电机为例，基于流体力学及传热学基本原理，结合电机通风结构特征，建立外部包裹有空气域的三维流热耦合求解域模型，并采用有限体积元法对电机内的温度场进行了数值研究。此外，针对PWM不同调制比控制条件下电动机全域内的传热特性进行了对比分析，结果表明：两个不同调制比控制条件下电机求解域 内各主要部件温升分布趋势大致相同；径向上，转子部分温升较高，在气隙位置温升出现阶跃式变化，定子部分温升较低；轴向上，电机各部分近风端温升较低，远风端温升较高；周向上，定子轭部温升呈波浪式变化。     

Spectroscopy peculiarities of thermal plasma of electric arc discharge between electrodes with Zn admixtures

Plasma of the free burning electric arc between Ag–SnO₂–ZnO composite electrodes as well as brass electrodes were investigated. The plasma temperature distributions were obtained by Boltzmann plot method involving Cu I, Ag I or Zn I spectral line emissions. The electron density distributions were obtained from the width and from absolute intensity of spectral lines. The laser absorption spectroscopy was used for measurement of copper atom concentration in plasma. Plasma equilibrium composition was calculated using two independent groups of experimental values (temperature and copper atom concentration, temperature and electron density). It was found that plasma of the free burning electric arc between brass electrodes is in local thermodynamical equilibrium. The experimental verification of the spectroscopic data of Zn I spectral lines was carried out.     

温度场对航空发动机转子超转破裂的影响

CCAR33.27超转适航要求，分析和试验确定的超转转速，必须基于温度和温度梯度的最不利组合。因此，研究温度和温度梯度对超转破裂的影响有非常重要的意义。以某型航空发动机低压6级涡轮转子为例，采用极限应变方法开展了转子部件的超转破裂分析，对比了常温和高温（红线转速对应的温度分布）下转子关键轮盘应变分布趋势和应变增长规律、预测的超转破裂的起始位置和破裂转速等轮盘超转特性；针对超转破裂分析，提出了在高温条件下，经过常温超转破裂试验验证的方法应用的有效性条件。低压涡轮转子的分析结果也显示，红线转速对应的温度状态下，轮盘超转破裂转速比常温下显著降低，而高温下材料屈服强度的大幅降低则是破裂转速下降的主要原因。     

低速大转矩永磁游标电机在发酵罐中的应用

采用秸秆生产丁醇时,为了达到高效率发酵,需要使发酵液中菌体分布均匀,所加物料需要及时搅拌。工业化生产丁醇的发酵罐尺寸较大,搅拌过程对驱动电机的输出转矩要求较高,因此高效率、小体积、低速大转矩的秸秆发酵搅拌电机对工业化发酵生产丁醇意义重大。设计了一种定转子永磁游标电机用于发酵液搅拌,并对电机的槽极数、电磁性能进行了具体的研究。制造样机并采用滞环控制实现了对液态发酵对象的快速响应,且实现了低能耗、高效率的发酵过程。     

航空发动机间冷器及回热器发展研究综述

近年来,航空器发展对航空发动机经济性和环保性的要求越来越高,间冷回热循环日益受到关注和重视,间冷器和回热器的研究已经成为发展间冷回热循环航空发动机的关键因素之一。本文简要介绍了间冷回热航空发动机的研究背景,回顾了国内外有关航空发动机间冷器与回热器的换热表面研究、热交换器优化工作、间冷器及回热器与航空发动机整机匹配研究和新型高温热交换器技术,提出了航空发动机间冷器及回热器相关有待深化研究的问题。     

Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

高温合金叶片的激光熔覆修复技术研究

航空发动机高温合叶片故障件很难修复,采用先进的激光熔覆技术对高温合金叶片进行深度修理具有重要意义。通过采用合适的激光设备、熔覆粉末,并选取合理的熔覆参数以及热处理工艺等,使熔覆粉末在叶片基体上形成有效的熔覆体,该熔覆体的强度和硬度达到叶片材料性能要求,同时也能保证熔覆体与基体的结合强度,完成高温合金叶片的修复。