联接翼布局直接升力控制特性的初步研究

本文对联接翼气动布局的直接升力控制特性进行了初步的探索。通过前、后机翼上升降舵面的同向偏转组合所产生的直接升力，与相应的正常布局相比较，不仅显示了飞机优异的气动性能：增加了最大升力系数和升力线斜率，改善了失速特性，提高了纵向静稳定性，而且明显改善了ΔＣｙ、Δｎｙ、ΔＨ、ωｚ等参数对操纵输入的瞬态响应品质，给飞机提供独立的姿态或轨迹控制的非同寻常的运动模态。头部鸭翼的增加进一步提高和改善了联接翼布局的直接升力特性。     

Aircraft maneuverability improvement by direct lift control system application

The handling qualities of an aircraft will be improved if the Direct Lift Control (DLC) system is applied. In this paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate the influence of DLC-type system parameters on the aircraft's maneuverability and to determine the desired values of these parameters for the purpose of obtaining required values of the handling maneuverability criteria. Published papers which deal with direct lift control do not list requirements for evaluating handling qualities and maneuverability of aircraft equipped with DLC system. In this paper, three new criteria permitting the evaluation of results of employing DLC have been defined. Analysis of influence of DLC system parameters on selected known handling qualities criteria (for example CAP, C^*), as well as new DLC efficiency coefficients, have been illustrated with a numeric example of A4D “Skyhawk” fighter aircraft and PZL M-18 “Dromader” agricultural airplane control system modification.     

Night-time total electron content enhancements at equatorial anomaly region in China

This paper presents small scale (duration ?1 h, ΔTEC ? 1TECU) night-time total electron content (TEC) enhancements observed at the equatorial anomaly region in China, for the first time. The data is from a GPS receiver chain established in 2005 by Institute of Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and a GPS receiver of International GPS Service (IGS), located between Fuzhou (26.1°N, 119.3°E) and Nanning (22.8°N, 108.3°E). Two other GPS observations of IGS taken at higher latitude were also used to investigate the localization of such phenomenon. The characteristics of the night-time TEC enhancement are examined with two case studies. The TEC increases about 1–3TECU, intermittently. While the night-time TEC enhancement mainly occurs at the equatorial anomaly region, it can be observed at middle latitude as well. The spatial size of the enhancement region is less than 5° in longitude. The primary statistical study shows that the TEC enhancement is more often observed in spring and autumn, but rarely in summer. It has no dependence on geomagnetic activity. The enhancement can occur both before and after midnight.     

凹坑强化传热的研究进展回顾

基于涡流发生的凹坑强化换热是一种新型高效的强化换热和冷却技术,其主要特点是传热强度大,流动阻力小,综合传热性能高.通过近十年来凹坑强化换热研究工作的回顾,介绍凹坑壁面的换热阻力特性和涡流结构,并讨论凹坑形状、深度和雷诺数等参数的影响.通过介绍凹坑在旋转通道、圆管和冲击耙面等不同情况下的换热阻力特性,以及与肋等的综合传热性能对比,旨在说明凹坑是一种很具潜力的新型强化换热结构,具有十分广泛的应用前景.      

矩形通道中亚尺度肋片的流动换热数值分析

对装有不同结构亚尺度肋片矩形通道的流动和换热进行了数值模拟,获得了通道流场、温度场分布以及平均努塞尔数的基本特征,对各种肋片通道的换热特性进行了对比分析.计算结果表明:亚尺度肋片距主肋片根部越近越有利于散热;在远离热面区域,亚尺度肋片的比表面积越大传热效果越好.当扩展表面积相同时,亚尺度肋片的长宽比越大换热效果越好;计算结果及分析揭示了控制肋片最优几何形状的统一原则——广义温度梯度均匀化原则,并依照此原则确定了可以强化换热的较优的肋片结构.计算分析表明广义温度梯度均匀化原则可以控制对流换热过程的传热强化.      

可靠性强化试验定量评估方法

介绍了国外最新可靠性强化试验基本概念、各种应力极限分类和试验过程,阐述了强化试验的基础理论.针对可靠性强化试验无法进行定量分析的问题,引入应力强度干涉模型理论,运用干涉模型分析了强化试验中的产品失效原因,即试验环境应力大于产品工作极限应力.通过分析工作极限应力与产品实际使用环境应力的相互关系,推导了利用强化试验数据计算产品可靠度的相关公式,将定量分析引入强化试验中.并举具体计算实例说明了该方法的可行性.在此基础上,运用干涉模型和可靠度计算公式,分析了强化试验提高产品可靠性的2种基本途径:改进设计和提高工艺水平,进一步阐述了可靠性强化的基本原理.      

Recent advances in film cooling enhancement: A review

Film cooling is an indispensable scheme in the design of highly-efficient cooling configurations to satisfy the thermal protection requirement of turbine hot section components. During the last few decades, vast efforts have been paid on the discrete-hole film cooling enhancement. In this paper, some of the recent literatures related to the passive strategies (such as shaped film cooling holes, upstream ramps, shallow trenches, mesh-fed slots) and the active strategies (such as the use of pulsation modulating device or plasma actuator) for film cooling enhancement are surveyed, with the aim at presenting an updated overview about the state of the art in advanced film cooling. In addition, some challenging issues are also outlined to motivate further investigations in such a broad topic.     

民用客机缝翼气动噪声数值模拟研究

气动噪声水平是衡量民用客机设计水平的重要指标之一。在飞机着陆过程中,增升装置缝翼是机体气动噪声的重要噪声源。通过求解非线性扰动方程对增升装置缝翼噪声进行了二维数值模拟研究。分别针对不同来流攻角以及主翼钝后缘和尖后缘研究了缝翼噪音的频率特性。计算结果表明,缝翼缝道内的非定常涡是产生噪声的主要原因,随着来流攻角的减小,缝道内的非定常涡强度增大,活动区域变宽,进而辐射更多的噪声,从非定常声场及噪声的频率特性来看,缝翼噪声是一种偶极子声源,具有明显的宽频特性,主要噪声源集中在低频到中频段,随着频率增大,噪声幅值逐渐衰减。数值模拟较好地捕捉到了缝翼噪声源的发声机制和频率特性,为噪声控制打下了良好的基础。     

基于CFD/CSD的大展弦比机翼气动弹性研究

考虑气动力非定常效应和惯性载荷作用对机翼气动弹性行为的影响,采用基于Euler方程和有限元的CFD/CSD耦合方法分析了大展弦比机翼的气动弹性时域响应,实现静、动气动弹性一体化计算.计算结果显示在相同马赫数下,机翼静变形随着飞行动压增大而增大;但是随着飞行高度的增加,机翼在进入稳态之前振荡越剧烈,响应超调越大,升力损失...     

基于谱减法的内话系统语音增强技术

在现有的地空通信遥控系统中,语音交换和控制系统即内话系统所采用的比选技术很难保证输出语音信号的质量。提出结合比选技术和改进的谱减法来增强地空通信语音质量,并给出了实现方案。最后利用DSP实现了内话系统语音增强的原型实验系统,实验结果表明系统达到了语音比选以及增强的目的。