EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SWIRLING AND RECIRCULATING TWO-PHASE FLOW FIELD IN A COLD MODEL OF DUAL-INLET SUDDEN-EXPANSION COMBUSTOR

The axial and tangential velocities of gas and particle phases and particle concentration for turbulent swirling and recirculating gas-particle (simulating gas-droplet) flows in a cold model of a dual-inlet sudden-expansion combustor with partially tangential central tubes, proposed by the present authors, were measured by using a 2-D LDV system and a laser optic fiber system combined with a sampling probe. The results show that there are both gas and particle strongly reverse flows and swirling flows in the head part of the combustor. The velocity slip between gas and particle phases is remarkable. The particle concentration is higher near the wall and lower near the axis. There are two peaks in the concentration profiles near the inlet tubes. The above-obtained flow characteristics are favorable to ignition, flame stabilization and combustion. The results can also be used to validate the numerical modeling.     

节能高效数字化兆瓦级风电变流器试验系统

针对现有风电变流器试验系统能量损耗高、试验效率低的问题,提出了一种基于环形功率回馈的试验方法。重点阐述了试验系统的基本原理与结构,并搭建了变流器试验软硬件平台,实现了对变流器各特性参数的自动测试要求。对兆瓦级风电变流器进行了相应的试验,试验结果表明:该系统试验效率优,而且系统操作方便,安全可靠,可实现变流器试验系统的高效节能与数字化。     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

用应变片测量应力的改进方法—二向应力片及三向应力片

本文就应变片直接测量应力的方法进行了探讨，提出二向应力片及三向应力片原理，使在实验应力分析的电测场合中，对于某点的应力分量的测量，无需进行几个应变片数据的分别采集，再综合成应力分量（正应力或剪应力），使读数应变与应力分量一一对应，且各测量数据之间在算法上没有耦合。二向应力片及三向应力片的使用，简化了测量数据的处理过程，在动态测量特别是冲击力测量中，具有一定的实用意义。     

非平衡电弧加热射流光谱学诊断方法：第一部分 氩射流

从一般意义上给出了非平衡电弧加热射流光谱学诊断方法和结果。表明非平衡亚声速电弧加热射流中心是ＬＴＥ的，沿径向形成一非平衡囊兜，囊兜的最深位置约在１／２射流半径处。     

双层集装箱列车过隧道空气压差阻力实验研究

双层集装箱列车通过隧道时,列车受到的空气阻力会显著增大。为了给列车牵引计算提供依据,在遂渝线上对双层集装箱列车过隧道时空气压差阻力进行了实车测量。测试结果表明:双层集装箱车辆进入隧道口时,空气压差阻力急剧上升,之后又迅速回落;测试车处于列车前部、机后第三节车时,平均空气压差阻力比明线空气阻力大80%~95%。     

一种使实验模型同步正弦平动和转动的新方法

由单片机控制步进电机的步进时间,实现了实验模型按正弦规律同步地平动和转动。叙述了实验装置的机械结构和控制器电路及软件编程要点,同时还对实验结果进行了分析。     

有限元计算模型的试验修正

本文阐述了有限元计算模型试验修正的一种方法,推导了求特征值和特征向量对结构参数导数的二阶矩阵摄动近似解,并在直升机桨叶的有限元计算模型的试验修正中得到成功应用。     

基于响应面的结构抗疲劳优化设计方法

借助于试验设计和响应面近似模型技术,提出了一个结构细节抗疲劳优化设计的策略。其基本思想是在结构抗疲劳设计方法的指导下选取结构的设计变量,用试验设计方法在设计变量空间里选取样本点,对各样本点所对应的结构建立有限元模型并进行结构分析和疲劳寿命估算,得到各样本点的响应(结构质量和疲劳寿命),用这些样本点和响应建立疲劳寿命和质量的响应面近似模型,并对近似模型进行优化获得最优解。算例表明本文提出的结构抗疲劳优化的策略是十分有效的。     

三容实验系统的变结构PID控制

基于非线性系统的反馈线性化,介绍了一种变结构PID控制方法．该方法能够有效地改善有控制量约束系统的控制性能．以某试验系统为被控对象,在对其进行反馈线性化同时实现静态解耦的基础上,给出了变结构PID控制的实验结果,并与常规PID控制进行了比较．结果表明了变结构PID控制的优越性．