一种基于旋量理论的自动钻铆机调姿反解算法

运动学反解是实现机床运动控制的技术基础,也是提高运动精度的技术保证。根据飞机装配自动化钻铆的需求分析,以龙门式自动钻铆机为研究对象,基于旋量理论建立其运动学模型。采用Paden-Kalan子问题模型和自动钻铆机上下末端执行器的几何关系相结合的方法,提出了一种基于旋量理论的自动钻铆机运动学反解算法,并在CATIA中的DMU模块下对算法进行算例验证。结果表明:基于旋量理论的运动学反解算法正确,为自动钻铆机的运动控制提供了理论基础。     

Drilling load modeling and validation based on the filling rate of auger flute in planetary sampling

Some type of penetration into a subsurface is required in planetary sampling. Drilling and coring, due to its efficient penetrating and cuttings removal characteristics, has been widely applied in previous sampling missions. Given the complicated mechanical properties of a planetary regolith, suitable drilling parameters should be matched with different drilling formations properly. Otherwise, drilling faults caused by overloads could easily happen. Hence, it is necessary to estab-lish a drilling load model, which is able to reveal the relationships among drilling loads, an auger's structural parameters, soil's mechanical properties, and relevant drilling parameters. A concept for the filling rate of auger flute (FRAF) is proposed to describe drilling conditions. If the FRAF index under one group of drilling parameters is less than 1, this means that the auger flute currently removes cuttings smoothly. Otherwise, the auger will be choked with compressed cuttings. In dril-ling operations, the drilling loads on the auger mainly come from the conveyance action, while the drilling loads on the drill bit primarily come from the cutting action. Experiments in one typical lunar regolith simulant indicate that the estimated drilling loads based on the FRAF coincide with the test results quite well. Based on this drilling load model, drilling parameters have been opti-mized.     

某钛合金深盲孔零件加工工艺研究

利用内冷钻削方法,保证切削液通过主轴和刀具直接喷射到切削表面进行冷却并排出铁削,有效地解决了薄壁深盲孔零件的加工问题,提升了零件的加工质量及加工效率.     

A multiple-rendezvous,sample-return mission to two near-Earth asteroids

We propose a dual-rendezvous mission, targeting near-Earth asteroids, including sample-return. The mission, Asteroid Sampling Mission (ASM), consists of two parts: (i) flyby and remote sensing of a Q-type asteroid, and (ii) sampling of a V-type asteroid. The targeted undifferentiated Q-type are found mainly in the near-Earth space, and to this date have not been the target of a space mission. We have chosen, for our sampling target, an asteroid from the basaltic class (V-type), as asteroids in this class exhibit spectral signatures that resemble those of the well-studied Howardite–Eucrite–Diogenite (HED) meteorite suite. With this mission, we expect to answer specific questions about the links between differentiated meteorites and asteroids, as well as gain further insight into the broader issues of early Solar System (SS) evolution and the formation of terrestrial planets. To achieve the mission, we designed a spacecraft with a dry mass of less than 3 tonnes that uses electric propulsion with a solar-electric power supply of 15 kW at 1 Astronomical Unit (AU). The mission includes a series of remote sensing instruments, envisages landing of the whole spacecraft on the sampling target, and employs an innovative sampling mechanism. Launch is foreseen to occur in 2018, as the designed timetable, and the mission would last about 10 years, bringing back a 150 g subsurface sample within a small re-entry capsule. This paper is a work presented at the 2008 Summer School Alpbach,“Sample return from the Moon, asteroids and comets” organized by the Aeronautics and Space Agency of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency. It is co-sponsored by ESA and the national space authorities of its Member and Co-operating States, with the support of the International Space Science Institute and Austrospace.     

月球风化层钻取采样过程密实度分类研究

钻取采样是月球风化层土壤样品获取的重要方式，密实度是重要的风化层月壤原位特性，对钻进过程中的策略制定有重要影响。本文结合钻取采样过程特点，提出了通过采样机构的力、速度、电流、温度等传感器获取的瞬时信息感知月壤密实度的方法，利用深度学习方法构建一类适应于可变长度序列数据的门控型循环神经网络，实现钻进过程月壤密实度在线分类。研究表明，该分类方法在风化层钻进过程中月壤密实度感知滞后时间约为33 s，对未知序列数据识别正确率大于89.36%，具有较高的分类精度和泛化能力。     

Calibration of robotic drilling systems with a moving rail

Industrial robots are widely used in aircraft assembly systems such as robotic drilling systems. It is necessary to expand a robot＇s working range with a moving rail. A method for improving the position accuracy of an automated assembly system with an industrial robot mounted on a moving rail is proposed. A multi-station method is used to control the robot in this study. The robot only works at stations which are certain positions defined on the moving rail. The calibration of the robot system is composed by the calibration of the robot and the calibration of the stations.The calibration of the robot is based on error similarity and inverse distance weighted interpolation.The calibration of the stations is based on a magnetic strip and a magnetic sensor. Validation tests were performed in this study, which showed that the accuracy of the robot system gained significant improvement using the proposed method. The absolute position errors were reduced by about 85%to less than 0.3 mm compared with the maximum nearly 2 mm before calibration.     

自动化钻孔系统柔性控制

针对飞机柔性装配中的壁板精确制孔问题,提出了采用工业机器人与末端执行器柔性自动化协同控制的钻孔的系统方案,实现了对飞机壁板的自动化精确制孔任务。柔性自动化钻孔控制软件系统健壮、开放性好、集成度高、钻孔效率达3～4个/min。所以,采用工业机器人钻孔系统柔性自动化控制能够满足飞机工业对精度、产量、柔性、成本等诸多要求。     

机器人柔性钻孔控制系统的设计与实现

针对飞机柔性装配的需要,在具体分析机翼钻孔流程的基础之上,提出一套基于工业机器人的柔性钻孔控制系统。该系统采用工业机器人集成多功能末端执行器的工作方式,并开发出具有精度补偿、姿态自适应调整和运动控制等功能的软件包。实验证明,该系统能有效提高机翼钻孔的质量和效率,满足其装配需求。     

KFRP复合材料螺旋铣削工艺制孔质量

文摘凯夫拉纤维增强复合材料(KFRP)在钻削过程中会产生严重的分层、起毛等缺陷,难以满足装配工序的要求。本文将螺旋铣削工艺运用于KFRP复合材料制孔,进行了偏心距、主轴转速和刀具类型的单因素试验,以分层因子、起毛面积和孔径偏差表征KFRP复合材料螺旋铣削的制孔质量,深入研究不同工况下的缺陷抑制机理和制孔质量。结果表明,偏心距、主轴转速和刀具结构对制孔质量均有显著影响,采用波形四刃铣刀在偏心距0.5 mm和主轴转速4 000 r/min工况下的制孔质量最好,分层因子和孔径偏差分别为1.27和1.2%,起毛面积比二刃铣刀下降了13.7%。